// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.

using System;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using System.ComponentModel.Composition;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.Shared.Extensions;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.Shared.Options;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.Shared.Utilities;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.StringCopyPaste;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Host.Mef;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Indentation;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Options;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Shared.Extensions;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.StringCopyPaste;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Text;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Text.Shared.Extensions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Commanding;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor.Commanding.Commands;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor.OptionsExtensionMethods;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Operations;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Utilities;
using Roslyn.Utilities;
using VSUtilities = Microsoft.VisualStudio.Utilities;

namespace Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.CSharp.StringCopyPaste
{
    using static StringCopyPasteHelpers;

    /// <summary>
    /// Command handler that both tracks 'copy' commands within VS to see what text the user copied (and from where),
    /// but also then handles pasting that text back in a sensible fashion (e.g. escaping/unescaping/wrapping/indenting)
    /// inside a string-literal.  Can also handle pasting code from unknown sources as well, though heuristics must be
    /// applied in that case to make a best effort guess as to what the original text meant and how to preserve that
    /// in the final context.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// Because we are revising what the normal editor does, we follow the standard behavior of first allowing the
    /// editor to process paste commands, and then adding our own changes as an edit after that.  That way if the user
    /// doesn't want the change we made, they can always undo to get the prior paste behavior.
    /// </remarks>
    [Export(typeof(ICommandHandler))]
    [ContentType(ContentTypeNames.CSharpContentType)]
    [Name(PredefinedCommandHandlerNames.StringCopyPaste)]
    [Order(After = PredefinedCommandHandlerNames.FormatDocument)]
    [method: ImportingConstructor]
    [method: Obsolete(MefConstruction.ImportingConstructorMessage, error: true)]
    internal partial class StringCopyPasteCommandHandler(
        IThreadingContext threadingContext,
        ITextUndoHistoryRegistry undoHistoryRegistry,
        IEditorOperationsFactoryService editorOperationsFactoryService,
        IGlobalOptionService globalOptions,
        ITextBufferFactoryService2 textBufferFactoryService,
        EditorOptionsService editorOptionsService,
        IIndentationManagerService indentationManager) :
        IChainedCommandHandler<CutCommandArgs>,
        IChainedCommandHandler<CopyCommandArgs>,
        IChainedCommandHandler<PasteCommandArgs>
    {
        private const string CopyId = "RoslynStringCopyPasteId";

        private readonly IThreadingContext _threadingContext = threadingContext;
        private readonly ITextUndoHistoryRegistry _undoHistoryRegistry = undoHistoryRegistry;
        private readonly IEditorOperationsFactoryService _editorOperationsFactoryService = editorOperationsFactoryService;
        private readonly EditorOptionsService _editorOptionsService = editorOptionsService;
        private readonly IIndentationManagerService _indentationManager = indentationManager;
        private readonly IGlobalOptionService _globalOptions = globalOptions;
        private readonly ITextBufferFactoryService2 _textBufferFactoryService = textBufferFactoryService;

        public string DisplayName => nameof(StringCopyPasteCommandHandler);

        public CommandState GetCommandState(PasteCommandArgs args, Func<CommandState> nextCommandHandler)
            => nextCommandHandler();

        public void ExecuteCommand(PasteCommandArgs args, Action nextCommandHandler, CommandExecutionContext executionContext)
        {
            Contract.ThrowIfFalse(_threadingContext.HasMainThread);

            var textView = args.TextView;
            var subjectBuffer = args.SubjectBuffer;

            var selectionsBeforePaste = textView.Selection.GetSnapshotSpansOnBuffer(subjectBuffer);
            var snapshotBeforePaste = subjectBuffer.CurrentSnapshot;

            // Always let the real paste go through.  That way we always have a version of the document that doesn't
            // include our changes that we can undo back to.
            nextCommandHandler();

            // If we don't even see any changes from the paste, there's nothing we can do.
            if (snapshotBeforePaste.Version.Changes is null)
                return;

            // If the user has the option off, then don't bother doing anything once we've sent the paste through.
            if (!_globalOptions.GetOption(StringCopyPasteOptionsStorage.AutomaticallyFixStringContentsOnPaste, LanguageNames.CSharp))
                return;

            // if we're not even sure where the user caret/selection is on this buffer, we can't proceed.
            if (selectionsBeforePaste.Count == 0)
                return;

            var snapshotAfterPaste = subjectBuffer.CurrentSnapshot;

            // If there were multiple changes that already happened, then don't make any changes.  Some other component
            // already did something advanced.
            if (snapshotAfterPaste.Version != snapshotBeforePaste.Version.Next)
                return;

            // Have to even be in a C# doc to be able to have special space processing here.

            var documentBeforePaste = snapshotBeforePaste.GetOpenDocumentInCurrentContextWithChanges();
            var documentAfterPaste = snapshotAfterPaste.GetOpenDocumentInCurrentContextWithChanges();
            if (documentBeforePaste == null || documentAfterPaste == null)
                return;

            var cancellationToken = executionContext.OperationContext.UserCancellationToken;
            var parsedDocumentBeforePaste = ParsedDocument.CreateSynchronously(documentBeforePaste, cancellationToken);

            // When pasting, only do anything special if the user selections were entirely inside a single string
            // token/expression.  Otherwise, we have a multi-selection across token kinds which will be extremely
            // complex to try to reconcile.
            var stringExpressionBeforePaste = TryGetCompatibleContainingStringExpression(parsedDocumentBeforePaste, selectionsBeforePaste);
            if (stringExpressionBeforePaste == null)
                return;

            // Also ensure that all the changes the editor actually applied were inside a single string
            // token/expression. If the editor decided to make changes outside of the string, we definitely do not want
            // to do anything here.
            var stringExpressionBeforePasteFromChanges = TryGetCompatibleContainingStringExpression(
                parsedDocumentBeforePaste, new NormalizedSnapshotSpanCollection(snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotBeforePaste.Version.Changes.Select(c => c.OldSpan)));
            if (stringExpressionBeforePaste != stringExpressionBeforePasteFromChanges)
                return;

            var textChanges = GetEdits(cancellationToken);

            // If we didn't get any viable changes back, don't do anything.
            if (textChanges.IsDefaultOrEmpty)
                return;

            var newTextAfterChanges = snapshotBeforePaste.AsText().WithChanges(textChanges);

            // If we end up making the same changes as what the paste did, then no need to proceed.
            if (ContentsAreSame(snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotAfterPaste, stringExpressionBeforePaste, newTextAfterChanges))
                return;

            // Create two edits to make the change.  The first restores the buffer to the original snapshot (effectively
            // undoing the first set of changes).  Then the second actually applies the change.
            //
            // Do this as direct edits, passing 'EditOptions.None' for the options, as we want to control the edits
            // precisely and don't want any strange interpretation of where the caret should end up.  Other options
            // (like DefaultMinimalChange) will attempt to diff/merge edits oddly sometimes which can lead the caret
            // ending up before/after some merged change, which will no longer match the behavior of precise pastes.
            //
            // Wrap this all as a transaction so that these two edits appear to be one single change.  This also allows
            // the user to do a single 'undo' that gets them back to the original paste made at the start of this
            // method.

            using var transaction = new CaretPreservingEditTransaction(
                CSharpEditorResources.Fixing_string_literal_after_paste,
                textView, _undoHistoryRegistry, _editorOperationsFactoryService);

            {
                var edit = subjectBuffer.CreateEdit(EditOptions.None, reiteratedVersionNumber: null, editTag: null);
                foreach (var change in snapshotBeforePaste.Version.Changes)
                    edit.Replace(change.NewSpan, change.OldText);
                edit.Apply();
            }

            {
                var edit = subjectBuffer.CreateEdit(EditOptions.None, reiteratedVersionNumber: null, editTag: null);
                foreach (var selection in selectionsBeforePaste)
                    edit.Replace(selection.Span, "");

                foreach (var change in textChanges)
                    edit.Replace(change.Span.ToSpan(), change.NewText);
                edit.Apply();
            }

            transaction.Complete();
            return;

            ImmutableArray<TextChange> GetEdits(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                var newLine = textView.Options.GetNewLineCharacter();
                var indentationWhitespace = DetermineIndentationWhitespace(
                    parsedDocumentBeforePaste, subjectBuffer, snapshotBeforePaste.AsText(), stringExpressionBeforePaste, cancellationToken);

                // See if this is a paste of the last copy that we heard about.
                var edits = TryGetEditsFromKnownCopySource(newLine, indentationWhitespace);
                if (!edits.IsDefaultOrEmpty)
                    return edits;

                var pasteWasSuccessful = PasteWasSuccessful(
                    snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotAfterPaste, documentAfterPaste, stringExpressionBeforePaste, cancellationToken);

                // If not, then just go through the fallback code path that applies more heuristics.
                var unknownPasteProcessor = new UnknownSourcePasteProcessor(
                    newLine, indentationWhitespace,
                    snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotAfterPaste,
                    documentBeforePaste, documentAfterPaste,
                    stringExpressionBeforePaste, pasteWasSuccessful);
                return unknownPasteProcessor.GetEdits();
            }

            ImmutableArray<TextChange> TryGetEditsFromKnownCopySource(
                string newLine, string indentationWhitespace)
            {
                // For simplicity, we only support smart copy/paste when we are pasting into a single contiguous region.
                if (selectionsBeforePaste.Count != 1)
                    return default;

                var copyPasteService = documentBeforePaste.Project.Solution.Services.GetRequiredService<IStringCopyPasteService>();
                var clipboardData = copyPasteService.TryGetClipboardData(KeyAndVersion);
                var copyPasteData = StringCopyPasteData.FromJson(clipboardData);

                if (copyPasteData == null)
                    return default;

                var knownProcessor = new KnownSourcePasteProcessor(
                    newLine, indentationWhitespace,
                    snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotAfterPaste,
                    documentBeforePaste, documentAfterPaste,
                    stringExpressionBeforePaste,
                    selectionsBeforePaste[0].Span.ToTextSpan(),
                    copyPasteData, _textBufferFactoryService);
                return knownProcessor.GetEdits();
            }
        }

        private string DetermineIndentationWhitespace(
            ParsedDocument documentBeforePaste,
            ITextBuffer textBuffer,
            SourceText textBeforePaste,
            ExpressionSyntax stringExpressionBeforePaste,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            // Only raw strings care about indentation.  Don't bother computing if we don't need it.
            if (!IsAnyRawStringExpression(stringExpressionBeforePaste))
                return "";

            if (IsAnyMultiLineRawStringExpression(stringExpressionBeforePaste))
            {
                // already have a multi-line raw string.  The indentation of it's end delimiter is the indentation all
                // lines within it should have.
                var lastLine = textBeforePaste.Lines.GetLineFromPosition(stringExpressionBeforePaste.Span.End);
                var quotePosition = lastLine.GetFirstNonWhitespacePosition()!.Value;
                return textBeforePaste.ToString(TextSpan.FromBounds(lastLine.Span.Start, quotePosition));
            }

            // Otherwise, we have a single-line raw string.  Determine the default indentation desired here.
            // We'll use that if we have to convert this single-line raw string to a multi-line one.
            var indentationOptions = textBuffer.GetIndentationOptions(_editorOptionsService, documentBeforePaste.LanguageServices, explicitFormat: false);
            return stringExpressionBeforePaste.GetFirstToken().GetPreferredIndentation(documentBeforePaste, indentationOptions, cancellationToken);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns true if the paste resulted in legal code for the string literal.  The string literal is
        /// considered legal if it has the same span as the original string (adjusted as per the edit) and that
        /// there are no errors in it.  For this purposes of this check, errors in interpolation holes are not
        /// considered.  We only care about the textual content of the string.
        /// </summary>
        internal static bool PasteWasSuccessful(
            ITextSnapshot snapshotBeforePaste,
            ITextSnapshot snapshotAfterPaste,
            Document documentAfterPaste,
            ExpressionSyntax stringExpressionBeforePaste,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var rootAfterPaste = documentAfterPaste.GetRequiredSyntaxRootSynchronously(cancellationToken);
            var stringExpressionAfterPaste = FindContainingSupportedStringExpression(rootAfterPaste, stringExpressionBeforePaste.SpanStart);
            if (stringExpressionAfterPaste == null)
                return false;

            if (ContainsError(stringExpressionAfterPaste))
                return false;

            var spanAfterPaste = MapSpan(stringExpressionBeforePaste.Span, snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotAfterPaste);
            return spanAfterPaste == stringExpressionAfterPaste.Span;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Given the snapshots before/after pasting, and the source-text our manual fixup edits produced, see if our
        /// manual application actually produced the same results as the paste.  If so, we don't need to actually do
        /// anything.  To optimize this check, we pass in the original string expression as that's all we have to check
        /// (adjusting for where it now ends up) in both the 'after' documents.
        /// </summary>
        private static bool ContentsAreSame(
            ITextSnapshot snapshotBeforePaste,
            ITextSnapshot snapshotAfterPaste,
            ExpressionSyntax stringExpressionBeforePaste,
            SourceText newTextAfterChanges)
        {
            // We ended up with documents of different length after we escaped/manipulated the pasted text.  So the 
            // contents are definitely not the same.
            if (newTextAfterChanges.Length != snapshotAfterPaste.Length)
                return false;

            var spanAfterPaste = MapSpan(stringExpressionBeforePaste.Span, snapshotBeforePaste, snapshotAfterPaste);

            var originalStringContentsAfterPaste = snapshotAfterPaste.AsText().GetSubText(spanAfterPaste);
            var newStringContentsAfterEdit = newTextAfterChanges.GetSubText(spanAfterPaste);

            return originalStringContentsAfterPaste.ContentEquals(newStringContentsAfterEdit);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the <see cref="LiteralExpressionSyntax"/> or <see cref="InterpolatedStringExpressionSyntax"/> if the
        /// selections were all contained within a single literal in a compatible fashion.  This means all the
        /// selections have to start/end in a content-span portion of the literal.  For example, if we paste into an
        /// interpolated string and have half of the selection outside an interpolation and half inside, we don't do
        /// anything special as trying to correct in this scenario is too difficult.
        /// </summary>
        private static ExpressionSyntax? TryGetCompatibleContainingStringExpression(
            ParsedDocument document, NormalizedSnapshotSpanCollection spans)
        {
            if (spans.Count == 0)
                return null;

            var snapshot = spans[0].Snapshot;

            // First, try to see if all the selections are at least contained within a single string literal expression.
            var stringExpression = FindCommonContainingStringExpression(document.Root, spans);
            if (stringExpression == null)
                return null;

            // Now, given that string expression, find the inside 'text' spans of the expression.  These are the parts
            // of the literal between the quotes.  It does not include the interpolation holes in an interpolated
            // string.  These spans may be empty (for an empty string, or empty text gap between interpolations).
            var contentSpans = StringInfo.GetStringInfo(snapshot.AsText(), stringExpression).ContentSpans;
            foreach (var snapshotSpan in spans)
            {
                var startIndex = contentSpans.BinarySearch(snapshotSpan.Span.Start, FindIndex);
                var endIndex = contentSpans.BinarySearch(snapshotSpan.Span.End, FindIndex);

                if (startIndex < 0 || endIndex < 0)
                    return null;
            }

            return stringExpression;

            static int FindIndex(TextSpan span, int position)
            {
                if (span.IntersectsWith(position))
                    return 0;

                if (span.End < position)
                    return -1;

                return 1;
            }
        }
    }
}
