// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.Shared.Utilities;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Host;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Host.Mef;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.LanguageServer;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.LanguageServer.Handler;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Options;
using Microsoft.CommonLanguageServerProtocol.Framework;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Composition;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.LanguageServer.Client;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.LanguageServer.Protocol;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Threading;
using Nerdbank.Streams;
using StreamJsonRpc;

namespace Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editor.Implementation.LanguageClient
{
    internal abstract partial class AbstractInProcLanguageClient(
        AbstractLspServiceProvider lspServiceProvider,
        IGlobalOptionService globalOptions,
        ILspServiceLoggerFactory lspLoggerFactory,
        IThreadingContext threadingContext,
        ExportProvider exportProvider,
        AbstractLanguageClientMiddleLayer? middleLayer = null) : ILanguageClient, ILanguageServerFactory, ICapabilitiesProvider, ILanguageClientCustomMessage2
    {
        private readonly IThreadingContext _threadingContext = threadingContext;
        private readonly ILanguageClientMiddleLayer? _middleLayer = middleLayer;
        private readonly ILspServiceLoggerFactory _lspLoggerFactory = lspLoggerFactory;
        private readonly ExportProvider _exportProvider = exportProvider;

        protected readonly AbstractLspServiceProvider LspServiceProvider = lspServiceProvider;

        protected readonly IGlobalOptionService GlobalOptions = globalOptions;

        /// <summary>
        /// Created when <see cref="ActivateAsync"/> is called.
        /// </summary>
        private AbstractLanguageServer<RequestContext>? _languageServer;

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the name of the language client (displayed to the user).
        /// </summary>
        public string Name => ServerKind.ToUserVisibleString();

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the optional middle layer object that can intercept outgoing requests and responses.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Currently utilized by Razor to intercept Roslyn's workspace/semanticTokens/refresh requests.
        /// </remarks>
        public object? MiddleLayer => _middleLayer;

        /// <summary>
        /// Unused, implementing <see cref="ILanguageClientCustomMessage2"/>.
        /// Gets the optional target object for receiving custom messages not covered by the language server protocol.
        /// </summary>
        public object? CustomMessageTarget => null;

        /// <summary>
        /// An enum representing this server instance.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract WellKnownLspServerKinds ServerKind { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The set of languages that this LSP server supports and can return results for.
        /// </summary>
        protected abstract ImmutableArray<string> SupportedLanguages { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unused, implementing <see cref="ILanguageClient"/>
        /// No additional settings are provided for this server, so we do not need any configuration section names.
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<string>? ConfigurationSections { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the initialization options object the client wants to send when 'initialize' message is sent.
        /// See https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/specifications/specification-3-14/#initialize
        /// We do not provide any additional initialization options.
        /// </summary>
        public object? InitializationOptions { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets a value indicating whether a notification bubble show be shown when the language server fails to initialize.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract bool ShowNotificationOnInitializeFailed { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unused, implementing <see cref="ILanguageClient"/>
        /// Files that we care about are already provided and watched by the workspace.
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<string>? FilesToWatch { get; }

        public event AsyncEventHandler<EventArgs>? StartAsync;

        /// <summary>
        /// Unused, implementing <see cref="ILanguageClient"/>
        /// </summary>
        public event AsyncEventHandler<EventArgs>? StopAsync { add { } remove { } }

        public async Task<Connection?> ActivateAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            // HACK HACK HACK: prevent potential crashes/state corruption during load. Fixes
            // https://devdiv.visualstudio.com/DevDiv/_workitems/edit/1261421
            //
            // When we create an LSP server, we compute our server capabilities; this may depend on
            // reading things like workspace options which will force us to initialize our option persisters.
            // Unfortunately some of our option persisters currently assert they are first created on the UI
            // thread. If the first time they're created is because of LSP initialization, we might end up loading
            // them on a background thread which will throw exceptions and then prevent them from being created
            // again later.
            //
            // The correct fix for this is to fix the threading violations in the option persister code;
            // asserting a MEF component is constructed on the foreground thread is never allowed, but alas it's
            // done there. Fixing that isn't difficult but comes with some risk I don't want to take for 16.9;
            // instead we'll just compute our capabilities here on the UI thread to ensure everything is loaded.
            // We _could_ consider doing a SwitchToMainThreadAsync in InProcLanguageServer.InitializeAsync
            // (where the problematic call to GetCapabilites is), but that call is invoked across the StreamJsonRpc
            // link where it's unclear if VS Threading rules apply. By doing this here, we are dong it in a
            // VS API that is following VS Threading rules, and it also ensures that the preereqs are loaded
            // prior to any RPC calls being made.
            //
            // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/29602 will track removing this hack
            // since that's the primary offending persister that needs to be addressed.

            // To help mitigate some of the issues with this hack we first allow implementors to do some work
            // so they can do MEF part loading before the UI thread switch. This doesn't help with the options
            // persisters, but at least doesn't make it worse.
            Activate_OffUIThread();

            // Now switch and do the problematic GetCapabilities call
            await _threadingContext.JoinableTaskFactory.SwitchToMainThreadAsync(cancellationToken);
            _ = GetCapabilities(new VSInternalClientCapabilities { SupportsVisualStudioExtensions = true });

            if (_languageServer is not null)
            {
                await _languageServer.WaitForExitAsync().WithCancellation(cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
            }

            var (clientStream, serverStream) = FullDuplexStream.CreatePair();

            _languageServer = await CreateAsync<RequestContext>(
                this,
                serverStream,
                serverStream,
                ServerKind,
                _lspLoggerFactory,
                cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

            return new Connection(clientStream, clientStream);
        }

        protected virtual void Activate_OffUIThread()
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Signals that the extension has been loaded.  The server can be started immediately, or wait for user action to start.  
        /// To start the server, invoke the <see cref="StartAsync"/> event;
        /// </summary>
        public async Task OnLoadedAsync()
        {
            await StartAsync.InvokeAsync(this, EventArgs.Empty).ConfigureAwait(false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Signals the extension that the language server has been successfully initialized.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>A <see cref="Task"/> which completes when actions that need to be performed when the server is ready are done.</returns>
        public Task OnServerInitializedAsync()
        {
            // We don't have any tasks that need to be triggered after the server has successfully initialized.
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }

        internal async Task<AbstractLanguageServer<RequestContext>> CreateAsync<TRequestContext>(
            AbstractInProcLanguageClient languageClient,
            Stream inputStream,
            Stream outputStream,
            WellKnownLspServerKinds serverKind,
            ILspServiceLoggerFactory lspLoggerFactory,
            CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var jsonMessageFormatter = new JsonMessageFormatter();
            VSInternalExtensionUtilities.AddVSInternalExtensionConverters(jsonMessageFormatter.JsonSerializer);

            var jsonRpc = new JsonRpc(new HeaderDelimitedMessageHandler(outputStream, inputStream, jsonMessageFormatter))
            {
                ExceptionStrategy = ExceptionProcessing.ISerializable,
            };

            var serverTypeName = languageClient.GetType().Name;

            var logger = await lspLoggerFactory.CreateLoggerAsync(serverTypeName, jsonRpc, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);

            var hostServices = VisualStudioMefHostServices.Create(_exportProvider);
            var server = Create(
                jsonRpc,
                languageClient,
                serverKind,
                logger,
                hostServices);

            jsonRpc.StartListening();
            return server;
        }

        public virtual AbstractLanguageServer<RequestContext> Create(
            JsonRpc jsonRpc,
            ICapabilitiesProvider capabilitiesProvider,
            WellKnownLspServerKinds serverKind,
            ILspServiceLogger logger,
            HostServices hostServices)
        {
            var server = new RoslynLanguageServer(
                LspServiceProvider,
                jsonRpc,
                capabilitiesProvider,
                logger,
                hostServices,
                SupportedLanguages,
                serverKind);

            return server;
        }

        public abstract ServerCapabilities GetCapabilities(ClientCapabilities clientCapabilities);

        public Task<InitializationFailureContext?> OnServerInitializeFailedAsync(ILanguageClientInitializationInfo initializationState)
        {
            var initializationFailureContext = new InitializationFailureContext();
            initializationFailureContext.FailureMessage = string.Format(EditorFeaturesResources.Language_client_initialization_failed,
                Name, initializationState.StatusMessage, initializationState.InitializationException?.ToString());
            return Task.FromResult<InitializationFailureContext?>(initializationFailureContext);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unused, implementing <see cref="ILanguageClientCustomMessage2"/>.
        /// This method is called after the language server has been activated, but connection has not been established.
        /// </summary>
        public Task AttachForCustomMessageAsync(JsonRpc rpc) => Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}
