


Network Working Group                                       S. McGlashan
Internet-Draft                                           Hewlett-Packard
Intended status: Standards Track                            T. Melanchuk
Expires: July 10, 2011                        Rain Willow Communications
                                                              C. Boulton
                                                         NS-Technologies
                                                         January 6, 2011


    A Mixer Control Package for the Media Control Channel Framework
             draft-ietf-mediactrl-mixer-control-package-14

Abstract

   This document defines a Media Control Channel Framework Package for
   managing mixers for media conferences and connections.  The package
   defines request elements for managing conference mixers, managing
   mixers between conferences and/or connections, as well as associated
   responses and notifications.  The package also defines elements for
   auditing package capabilities and mixers.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on July 10, 2011.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect



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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
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   it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other
   than English.



































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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   2.  Conventions and Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   3.  Control Package Definition  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     3.1.  Control Package Name  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     3.2.  Framework Message Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     3.3.  Common XML Support  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     3.4.  CONTROL Message Body  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     3.5.  REPORT Message Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     3.6.  Audit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     3.7.  Examples  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   4.  Element Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     4.1.  <mscmixer>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     4.2.  Mixer Elements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       4.2.1.  Conference Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
         4.2.1.1.  <createconference>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
         4.2.1.2.  <modifyconference>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
         4.2.1.3.  <destroyconference> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
         4.2.1.4.  Conference Configuration  . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
           4.2.1.4.1.  <audio-mixing>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
           4.2.1.4.2.  <video-layouts> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
             4.2.1.4.2.1.  <video-layout>  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
           4.2.1.4.3.  <video-switch>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
             4.2.1.4.3.1.  Priority assignment . . . . . . . . . . .  28
           4.2.1.4.4.  <subscribe> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
             4.2.1.4.4.1.  <active-talkers-sub>  . . . . . . . . . .  29
       4.2.2.  Joining Elements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
         4.2.2.1.  Joining Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
         4.2.2.2.  <join>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
         4.2.2.3.  <modifyjoin>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
         4.2.2.4.  <unjoin>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
         4.2.2.5.  <stream>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37
           4.2.2.5.1.  <volume>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
           4.2.2.5.2.  <clamp> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
           4.2.2.5.3.  <region>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39
           4.2.2.5.4.  <priority>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
       4.2.3.  <response>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
       4.2.4.  <event> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
         4.2.4.1.  <active-talkers-notify> . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
           4.2.4.1.1.  <active-talker> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
         4.2.4.2.  <unjoin-notify> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  42
         4.2.4.3.  <conferenceexit>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  43
     4.3.  Audit Elements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  44
       4.3.1.  <audit> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  44
       4.3.2.  <auditresponse> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  46
         4.3.2.1.  <capabilities>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  47
         4.3.2.2.  <mixers>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  48



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           4.3.2.2.1.  <conferenceaudit> . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  48
             4.3.2.2.1.1.  <participants>  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  49
               4.3.2.2.1.1.1.  <participant> . . . . . . . . . . . .  49
           4.3.2.2.2.  <joinaudit> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
     4.4.  <codecs>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
       4.4.1.  <codec> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  51
     4.5.  <params>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  52
       4.5.1.  <param> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  52
     4.6.  Response Status Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  53
     4.7.  Type Definitions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  57
   5.  Formal Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59
   6.  Examples  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  78
     6.1.  AS-MS Framework Interaction Examples  . . . . . . . . . .  78
       6.1.1.  Creating a conference mixer and joining a
               participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  78
       6.1.2.  Receiving active talker notifications . . . . . . . .  79
       6.1.3.  Conference termination  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  79
     6.2.  Mixing Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  79
       6.2.1.  Audio conferencing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  80
       6.2.2.  Bridging connections  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  82
       6.2.3.  Video conferencing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  83
   7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  85
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  88
     8.1.  Control Package Registration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  88
     8.2.  URN Sub-Namespace Registration  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  88
     8.3.  XML Schema Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  89
     8.4.  MIME Media Type Registration for
           'application/msc-mixer+xml' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  89
   9.  Change Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  91
   10. Contributors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
   11. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
   12. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
     12.1. Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
     12.2. Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
















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1.  Introduction

   The Media Control Channel Framework
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] provides a generic
   approach for establishment and reporting capabilities of remotely
   initiated commands.  The Control Framework - an equivalent term for
   the Media Control Channel Framework - utilizes many functions
   provided by the Session Initiation Protocol [RFC3261] (SIP) for the
   rendezvous and establishment of a reliable channel for control
   interactions.  The Control Framework also introduces the concept of a
   Control Package.  A Control Package is an explicit usage of the
   Control Framework for a particular interaction set.  This
   specification defines a package for media conference mixers and media
   connection mixers.

   This package defines mixer management elements for creating,
   modifying and deleting conference mixers, elements for joining,
   modifying and unjoining media streams between connections and
   conferences (including mixers between connections), as well as
   associated responses and notifications.  The package also defines
   elements for auditing package capabilities and mixers.

   This package has been designed to satisfy media mixing requirements
   documented in the Media Server Control Protocol Requirements document
   ([RFC5167]); more specifically REQ-MCP-22, REQ-MCP-23, REQ-MCP-24,
   REQ-MCP-25, REQ-MCP-26 and REQ-MCP-27.

   The package provides the major conferencing functionality of SIP
   Media Server languages such as MSCML ([RFC5022]) and MSML
   ([RFC5707]).  A key differentiator is that this package provides such
   functionality using the Media Control Channel Framework.

   Out of scope for this mixer package are more advanced functions
   including personalized video mixes for conference participants,
   support for floor control protocols, as well as support for video
   overlays and text insertion.  Such functionality can be addressed by
   extensions to this package (through addition of foreign elements or
   attributes from another namespace) or use of other control packages
   which could build upon this package.

   The functionality of this package is defined by messages, containing
   XML [XML] elements, transported using the Media Control Channel
   Framework.  The XML elements can be divided into two types: mixer
   management elements; and elements for auditing package capabilities
   as well as mixers managed by the package.

   The document is organized as follows.  Section 3 describes how this
   control package fulfills the requirements for a Media Control Channel



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   Framework control package.  Section 4 describes the syntax and
   semantics of defined elements, including mixer management
   (Section 4.2) and audit elements (Section 4.3).  Section 5 describes
   an XML schema for these elements and provides extensibility by
   allowing attributes and elements from other namespaces.  Section 6
   provides examples of package usage.  Section 7 describes important
   security considerations for use of this control package.  Section 8
   provides information on IANA registration of this control package,
   including its name, XML namespace and MIME media type.










































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2.  Conventions and Terminology

   In this document, BCP 14/RFC 2119 [RFC2119] defines the key words
   "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
   "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL".  In addition, BCP 15 indicates requirement levels for
   compliant implementations.

   The following additional terms are defined for use in this document:

   Application server:  A SIP [RFC3261] application server (AS) is a
      control client that hosts and executes services such as
      interactive media and conferencing in an operator's network.  An
      AS controls the media server (MS), influencing and impacting the
      SIP sessions terminating on a media server, which the AS can have
      established for example using SIP third party call control.

   Media Server:  A media server (MS) processes media streams on behalf
      of an AS by offering functionality such as interactive media,
      conferencing, and transcoding to the end user.  Interactive media
      functionality is realized by way of dialogs, which are identified
      by a URI and initiated by the application server.

   MS Conference:  A MS Conference provides the media related mixing
      resources and services for conferences.  In this document, A MS
      Conference is often referred to simply as a conference.

   MS Connection:  A Media Server connection represents the termination
      on a media server of one or more RTP [RFC3550] sessions that are
      associated to a single SIP dialog.  A media server receives media
      from the output(s) of a connection and it transmits media on the
      input(s) of a connection.

   Media Stream:  A media stream on a media server represents a media
      flow between either a connection and a conference, between two
      connections, or between two conferences.  Streams can be audio or
      video and can be bi-directional or uni-directional.














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3.  Control Package Definition

   This section fulfills the mandatory requirement for information that
   MUST be specified during the definition of a Control Framework
   Package, as detailed in Section 8 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework].

3.1.  Control Package Name

   The Control Framework requires a Control Package definition to
   specify and register a unique name.  The name and version of this
   Control Package is "msc-mixer/1.0" (Media Server Control - Mixer -
   version 1.0).  Its IANA registration is specified in Section 8.1.

   Since this is the initial ("1.0") version of the control package,
   there are no backwards compatibility issues to address.

3.2.  Framework Message Usage

   The Control Framework requires a Control Package to explicitly detail
   the control messages that can be used as well as provide an
   indication of directionality between entities.  This will include
   which role type is allowed to initiate a request type.

   This package specifies CONTROL and response messages in terms of XML
   elements defined in Section 4, where the message bodies have the MIME
   media type defined in Section 8.4.  These elements describe requests,
   response and notifications and all are contained within a root
   <mscmixer> element (Section 4.1).

   In this package, the MS operates as a Control Server in receiving
   requests from, and sending responses to, the AS (operating as Control
   Client).  Mixer management requests and responses are defined in
   Section 4.2.  Audit requests and responses are defined in
   Section 4.3.  Mixer management and audit responses are carried in a
   framework 200 response or REPORT message bodies.  This package's
   response codes are defined in Section 4.6.

   Note that package responses are different from framework response
   codes.  Framework error response codes (see Section 8 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]) are used when the request
   or event notification is invalid; for example, a request is invalid
   XML (400), or not understood (500).

   The MS also operates as a Control Client in sending event
   notification to the AS (Control Server).  Event notifications
   (Section 4.2.4) are carried in CONTROL message bodies.  The AS MUST
   respond with a Control Framework 200 response.



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3.3.  Common XML Support

   The Control Framework requires a Control Package definition to
   specify if the attributes for media dialog or conference references
   are required.

   This package requires that the XML Schema in Section 16.1 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] MUST be supported for
   media dialogs and conferences.

   The package uses "connectionid" and "conferenceid" attributes for
   various element definitions (Section 4).  The XML schema (Section 5)
   imports the definitions of these attributes from the framework
   schema.

3.4.  CONTROL Message Body

   The Control Framework requires a Control Package to define the
   control body that can be contained within a CONTROL command request
   and to indicate the location of detailed syntax definitions and
   semantics for the appropriate body types.

   When operating as Control Server, the MS receives CONTROL messages
   with the MIME media type defined in Section 8.4 and a body containing
   a <mscmixer> element (Section 4.1) with either a mixer management or
   audit request child element.

   The following mixer management request elements are carried in
   CONTROL message bodies to MS: <createconference> (Section 4.2.1.1),
   <modifyconference> (Section 4.2.1.2), <destroyconference>
   (Section 4.2.1.3), <join> (Section 4.2.2.2), <modifyjoin>
   (Section 4.2.2.3) and <unjoin> (Section 4.2.2.4) elements.

   The <audit> request element (Section 4.3.1) is also carried in
   CONTROL message bodies.

   When operating as Control Client, the MS sends CONTROL messages with
   the MIME media type defined in Section 8.4 and a body containing a
   <mscmixer> element (Section 4.1) with a notification <event> child
   element (Section 4.2.4).

3.5.  REPORT Message Body

   The Control Framework requires a control package definition to define
   the REPORT body that can be contained within a REPORT command
   request, or that no report package body is required.  This section
   indicates the location of detailed syntax definitions and semantics
   for the appropriate body types.



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   When operating as Control Server, the MS sends REPORT bodies with the
   MIME media type defined in Section 8.4 and a <mscmixer> element with
   a response child element.  The response element for mixer management
   requests is a <response> element (Section 4.2.3).  The response
   element for an audit request is a <auditresponse> element
   (Section 4.3.2).

3.6.  Audit

   The Control Framework encourages Control Packages to specify whether
   auditing is available, how it is triggered as well as the query/
   response formats.

   This Control Packages supports auditing of package capabilities and
   mixers on the MS.  An audit request is carried in a CONTROL message
   and an audit response in a REPORT message (or a 200 response to the
   CONTROL if it can execute the audit in time).

   The syntax and semantics of audit request and response elements is
   defined in Section 4.3.

3.7.  Examples

   The Control Framework recommends Control Packages to provide a range
   of message flows that represent common flows using the package and
   this framework document.

   This Control Package provides examples of such message flows in
   Section 6.






















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4.  Element Definitions

   This section defines the XML elements for this package.  The elements
   are defined in the XML namespace specified in Section 8.2.

   The root element is <mscmixer> (Section 4.1).  All other XML elements
   (requests, responses and notification elements) are contained within
   it.  Child elements describe mixer management (Section 4.2) and audit
   (Section 4.3) functionality.  Response status codes are defined in
   Section 4.6 and type definitions in Section 4.7.

   Implementation of this control package MUST address the Security
   Considerations described in Section 7.

   Implementation of this control package MUST adhere to the syntax and
   semantics of XML elements defined in this section and the schema
   (Section 5).  The XML schema supports extensibility by allowing
   attributes and elements from other namespaces.  Implementations MAY
   support attributes and elements from other (foreign) namespaces.  If
   an MS implementation receives a <mscmixer> element containing
   attributes or elements from another namespace which it does not
   support, the MS sends a 428 response (Section 4.6).

   Extensible attributes and elements are not described in this section.
   In all other cases where there is a difference in constraints between
   the XML schema and the textual description of elements in this
   section, the textual definition takes priority.

   Some elements in this control package contain attributes whose value
   is descriptive text primarily for diagnostic use.  The implementation
   can indicated the language used in the descriptive text by means of a
   'desclang' attribute ([RFC2277]).  The desclang attribute can appear
   on the root element as well as selected subordinate elements (see
   Section 4.1).  The desclang attribute value on the root element
   applies to all desclang attributes in subordinate elements unless the
   subordinate element has an explicit desclang attribute which
   overrides it.

   Usage examples are provided in Section 6.

4.1.  <mscmixer>

   The <mscmixer> element has the following attributes (in addition to
   standard XML namespace attributes such as xmlns):







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   version:  a string specifying the mscmixer package version.  The
      value is fixed as '1.0' for this version of the package.  The
      attribute is mandatory.

   desclang:  specifies the language used in descriptive text attributes
      of subordinate elements (unless the subordinate element provides a
      desclang attribute which overrides the value for its descriptive
      text attributes).  The descriptive text attributes on subordinate
      elements include: the reason attribute on <response>
      (Section 4.2.3), <unjoin-notify> (Section 4.2.4.2),
      <conferenceexit> (Section 4.2.4.3) and <auditresponse>
      (Section 4.3.2).  A valid value is a language identifier
      (Section 4.7.7).  The attribute is optional.  The default value is
      i-default (BCP47 [RFC5646]).

   The <mscmixer> element has the following defined child elements, only
   one of which can occur:

   1.  mixer management elements defined in Section 4.2:

       <createconference>  create and configure a new conference mixer.
          See Section 4.2.1.1

       <modifyconference>  modify the configuration of an existing
          conference mixer.  See Section 4.2.1.2

       <destroyconference>  destroy an existing conference mixer.  See
          Section 4.2.1.3

       <join>  create and configure media streams between connections
          and/or conferences (for example, add a participant to a
          conference).  See Section 4.2.2.2

       <modifyjoin>  modify the configuration of joined media streams.
          See Section 4.2.2.3

       <unjoin>  delete a media stream (for example, remove a
          participant from a conference).  See Section 4.2.2.4

       <response>  response to a mixer request.  See Section 4.2.3

       <event>  mixer or subscription notification.  See Section 4.2.4

   2.  audit elements defined in Section 4.3:







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       <audit>  audit package capabilities and managed mixers.  See
          Section 4.3.1

       <auditresponse>  response to an audit request.  See Section 4.3.2

   For example, a request to the MS to create a conference mixer:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <createconference/>
   </mscmixer>

   and a response from the MS that the conference was successfully
   created:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer"
     desclang="en">
    <response status="200" conferenceid="conference1"
      reason="conference created"/>
   </mscmixer>

4.2.  Mixer Elements

   This section defines the mixer management XML elements for this
   control package.  These elements are divided into requests, responses
   and notifications.

   Request elements are sent to the MS to request a specific mixer
   operation to be executed.  The following request elements are
   defined:

   <createconference>  create and configure a new a conference mixer.
      See Section 4.2.1.1

   <modifyconference>  modify the configuration of an existing
      conference mixer.  See Section 4.2.1.2

   <destroyconference>  destroy an existing conference mixer.  See
      Section 4.2.1.3

   <join>  create and configure media streams between connections and/or
      conferences (for example, add a participant to a conference).  See
      Section 4.2.2.2

   <modifyjoin>  modify the configuration of joined media streams.  See
      Section 4.2.2.3






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   <unjoin>  delete a media stream (for example, remove a participant
      from a conference).  See Section 4.2.2.4

   Responses from the MS describe the status of the requested operation.
   Responses are specified in a <response> element (Section 4.2.3) which
   includes a mandatory attribute describing the status in terms of a
   numeric code.  Response status codes are defined in Section 4.6.  The
   MS MUST respond to a request message with a response message.  If the
   MS is not able to process the request and carry out the mixer
   operation (in whole or in part), then the request has failed: the MS
   MUST ensure that no part of the requested mixer operation is carried
   out, and the MS MUST indicate the class of failure using an
   appropriate 4xx response code.  Unless an error response code is
   specified for a class of error within this section, implementations
   follow Section 4.6 in determining the appropriate status code for the
   response.

   Notifications are sent from the MS to provide updates on the status
   of a mixer operation or subscription.  Notifications are specified in
   an <event> element (Section 4.2.4).

4.2.1.  Conference Elements

4.2.1.1.  <createconference>

   The <createconference> element is sent to the MS to request creation
   of a new conference (multiparty) mixer.

   The <createconference> element has the following attributes:

   conferenceid:  string indicating a unique name for the new
      conference.  If this attribute is not specified, the MS MUST
      create a unique name for the conference.  The value is used in
      subsequent references to the conference (e.g. as conferenceid in a
      <response>).  The attribute is optional.  There is no default
      value.

   reserved-talkers:  indicates the requested number of guaranteed
      speaker slots to be reserved for the conference.  A valid value is
      a non-negative integer (see Section 4.7.2).  The attribute is
      optional.  The default value is 0.

   reserved-listeners:  indicates the requested number of guaranteed
      listener slots to be reserved for the conference.  A valid value
      is a non-negative integer (see Section 4.7.2).  The attribute is
      optional.  The default value is 0.

   The <createconference> element has the following sequence of child



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   elements:

   <codecs>:  an element to configure the codecs supported by the
      conference (see Section 4.4).  If codecs are specified, then they
      impose limitations in media capability when the MS attempts to
      join the conference to other entities (see Section 4.2.2.2 and
      Section 4.2.2.3).  The element is optional.

   <audio-mixing>:  an element to configure the audio mixing
      characteristics of a conference (see Section 4.2.1.4.1).  The
      element is optional.

   <video-layouts>:  an element to configure the video layouts of a
      conference (see Section 4.2.1.4.2).  The element is optional.

   <video-switch>:  an element to configure the video switch policy for
      the layout of a conference (see Section 4.2.1.4.3).  The element
      is optional.

   <subscribe>:  an element to request subscription to conference
      events. (see Section 4.2.1.4.4).  The element is optional.

   If the conferenceid attribute specifies a value which is already used
   by an existing conference, the MS reports an error (405) and MUST NOT
   create a new conference and MUST NOT affect the existing conference.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to
   specified reserved-talkers or reserved-listeners attributes, the MS
   reports an error (420) and MUST NOT create the conference.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <audio-mixing> element, the MS reports an error (421) and
   MUST NOT create the conference.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <video-layouts> element, the MS reports an error (423) and
   MUST NOT create the conference.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <video-switch> element, the MS reports an error (424) and
   MUST NOT create the conference.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <codecs> element, the MS reports an error (425) and MUST
   NOT create the conference.

   When a MS has finished processing a <createconference> request, it
   MUST reply with an appropriate <response> element (Section 4.2.3).



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   For example, a request to create an audio video conference mixer with
   specified codecs, video layout, video switch and subscription:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <createconference conferenceid="conference1"
          reserved-talkers="1" reserved-listeners="10">
      <codecs>
       <codec name="video">
        <subtype>H264</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="audio">
        <subtype>PCMA</subtype>
       </codec>
      </codecs>
      <audio-mixing type="nbest"/>
      <video-layouts>
       <video-layout min-participants="1"><single-view/></video-layout>
       <video-layout min-participants="2"><dual-view/></video-layout>
       <video-layout min-participants="3"><quad-view/></video-layout>
      </video-layouts>
      <video-switch interval="5"><vas/></video-switch>
      <subscribe>
       <active-talkers-sub interval="4"/>
      </subscribe>
    </createconference>
   </mscmixer>

   and a response from the MS if the conference was successfully
   created:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="200" conferenceid="conference1"/>
   </mscmixer>

   alternatively, a response if MS could not create the conference due
   to a lack of support for the H264 codec:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="425" conferenceid="conference1"
              reason="H264 codec not supported"/>
   </mscmixer>

4.2.1.2.  <modifyconference>

   The <modifyconference> element is sent to the MS to request
   modification of an existing conference.

   The <modifyconference> element has the following attributes:



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   conferenceid:  string indicating the name of the conference to
      modify.  This attribute is mandatory.

   The <modifyconference> element has the following sequence of child
   elements (1 or more):

   <codecs>:  an element to configure the codecs supported by the
      conference (see Section 4.4).  If codecs are specified, then they
      impose limitations in media capability when the MS attempts to
      join the conference to other entities (see Section 4.2.2.2 and
      Section 4.2.2.3).  Existing conference participants are unaffected
      by any policy change.  The element is optional.

   <audio-mixing>:  an element to configure the audio mixing
      characteristics of a conference (see Section 4.2.1.4.1).  The
      element is optional.

   <video-layouts>:  an element to configure the video layouts of a
      conference (see Section 4.2.1.4.2).  The element is optional.

   <video-switch>:  an element to configure the video switch policy for
      the layout of a conference (see Section 4.2.1.4.3).  The element
      is optional.

   <subscribe>:  an element to request subscription to conference
      events. (see Section 4.2.1.4.4).  The element is optional.

   If the conferenceid attribute specifies the name of a conference
   which does not exist, the MS reports an error (406).

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <audio-mixing> element, the MS reports an error (421) and
   MUST NOT modify the conference in any way.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <video-layouts> element, the MS reports an error (423) and
   MUST NOT modify the conference in any way.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <video-switch> element, the MS reports an error (424) and
   MUST NOT modify the conference in any way.

   If the MS is unable to configure the conference according to a
   specified <codecs> element, the MS reports an error (425) and MUST
   NOT modify the conference.

   When a MS has finished processing a <modifyconference> request, it
   MUST reply with an appropriate <response> element (Section 4.2.3).



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4.2.1.3.  <destroyconference>

   The <destroyconference> element is sent to the MS to request
   destruction of an existing conference.

   The <destroyconference> element has the following attributes:

   conferenceid:  string indicating the name of the conference to
      destroy.  This attribute is mandatory.

   The <destroyconference> element does not specify any child elements.

   If the conferenceid attribute specifies the name of a conference
   which does not exist, the MS reports an error (406).

   When a MS has finished processing a <destroyconference> request, it
   MUST reply with an appropriate <response> element (Section 4.2.3).

   Successfully destroying the conference (status code 200) will result
   in all connection or conference participants being removed from the
   conference mixer, <unjoin-notify> notification events
   (Section 4.2.4.2) being sent for each conference participant and a
   <conferenceexit> notification event (Section 4.2.4.3) indicating that
   conference has exited.  A <response> with any other status code
   indicates that the conference mixer still exists and participants are
   still joined to the mixer.

4.2.1.4.  Conference Configuration

   The elements in this section are used to establish and modify the
   configuration of conferences.

4.2.1.4.1.  <audio-mixing>

   The <audio-mixing> element defines the configuration of the
   conference audio mix.

   The <audio-mixing> element has the following attributes:

   type:  is a string indicating the audio stream mixing policy.
      Defined values are: "nbest" (where the N best (loudest)
      participant signals are mixed) and "controller" (where the
      contributing participant(s) is/are selected by the controlling AS
      via an external floor control protocol).  The attribute is
      optional.  The default value is "nbest".






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   n: indicates the number of eligible participants included in the
      conference audio mix.  An eligible participant is a participant
      who contributes audio to the conference.  Inclusion is based on
      having the greatest audio energy.  A valid value is a non-negative
      integer (see Section 4.7.2).  A value of 0 indicates that all
      participants contributing audio to the conference are included in
      the audio mix.  The default value is 0.  The element is optional.

   If the type attribute does not have the value "nbest", the MS ignores
   the "n" attribute.

   The <audio-mixing> element has no child elements.

   For example, a fragment where the audio mixing policy is set to
   "nbest" with 3 participants to be included:

      <audio-mixing type="nbest" n="3"/>

   If the conference had 200 participants of whom 30 contributed audio,
   then there would be 30 eligible participants for the audio mix.  Of
   these, the 3 loudest participants would have their audio included in
   the conference.

4.2.1.4.2.  <video-layouts>

   The <video-layouts> element describe the video presentation layout
   configuration for participants providing a video input stream to the
   conference.  This element allows multiple video layouts to be
   specified so that the MS automatically changes layout depending on
   the number of video-enabled participants.

   The <video-layouts> element has no attributes.

   The <video-layouts> element has the following sequence of child
   elements (1 or more):

   <video-layout>:  element describing a video layout
      (Section 4.2.1.4.2.1).

   If the MS does not support video conferencing at all, or does not
   support multiple video layouts, or does not support a specific video
   layout, the MS reports an 423 error in the response to the request
   element containing the <video-layouts> element.

   An MS MAY support more than one <video-layout> element, although only
   one layout can be active at a time.  A <video-layout> is active if
   the number of participants in the conference is equal to or greater
   than the value of its "min-participants" attribute, but less than the



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   value of the "min-participants" attribute for any other <video-
   layout> element.  An MS reports an error (400) if more than one
   <video-layout> has the same value for the "min-participants"
   attribute.  When the number of regions within the active layout is
   greater than the number of participants in the conference, the
   display of unassigned regions is implementation-specific.

   The assignment of participant video streams to regions within the
   layout is according to the video switch policy specified by the
   <video-switch> element (Section 4.2.1.4.3).

   For example, a fragment describing a single layout:

   <video-layouts>
     <video-layout><single-view/></video-layout>
   </video-layouts>

   And a fragment describing a sequence of layouts:

   <video-layouts>
     <video-layout min-participants="1"><single-view/></video-layout>
     <video-layout min-participants="2"><dual-view/></video-layout>
     <video-layout min-participants="3"><quad-view/></video-layout>
     <video-layout min-participants="5"><multiple-3x3/></video-layout>
   </video-layouts>

   When the conference has one participant providing a video input
   stream to the conference, then the single-view format is used.  When
   the conference has two such participants, the dual-view layout is
   used.  When the conference has three or four participants, the quad-
   view layout is used.  When the conference has five or more
   participants, the multiple-3x3 layout is used.

4.2.1.4.2.1.  <video-layout>

   The <video-layout> element describes a video layout containing one or
   more regions in which participant video input streams are displayed.

   The <video-layout> element has the following attributes:

   min-participants:  the minimum number of conference participants
      needed to allow this layout to be active.  A valid value is a
      positive integer (see Section 4.7.3).  The attribute is optional.
      The default value is 1.

   The <video-layout> element has one child element specifying the video
   layout.  An MS MAY support the predefined video layouts defined in
   the XCON conference information data model



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   ([I-D.ietf-xcon-common-data-model]): <single-view>, <dual-view>,
   <dual-view-crop>, <dual-view-2x1>, <dual-view-2x1-crop>, <quad-view>,
   <multiple-3x3>, <multiple-4x4> and <multiple-5x1>.

   The MS MAY support other video layouts.  Non-XCON layouts MUST be
   specified using an element from a namespace other than the one used
   in this specification.  For example,

   <video-layout>
    <mylayout xmlns='http://example.com/foo'>my-single-view</mylayout>
   </video-layout>

   If the MS does not support the specified video layout configuration,
   then the MS reports a 423 error (Section 4.6) in the response to the
   request element containing the <video-layout> element.

   Each video layout has associated with it one or more regions.  The
   XCON layouts are associated with the following named regions:

   <single-view/>  layout with one stream in a single region as shown in
      Figure 1.


                               +-----------+
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               |     1     |
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               +-----------+


                      Figure 1: single-view video layout

   <dual-view/>  layout presenting two streams side-by-side in two
      regions as shown in Figure 2.  The MS MUST NOT alter the aspect
      ratio of each stream to fit the region and hence the MS might need
      to blank out part of each region.


                         +-----------+-----------+
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         |     1     |     2     |
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         +-----------+-----------+




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                       Figure 2: dual-view video layout

   <dual-view-crop/>  layout presenting two streams side-by-side in two
      regions as shown in Figure 3.  The MS MUST alter the aspect ratio
      of each stream to fit its region so that no blanking is required.


                         +-----------+-----------+
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         |     1     |     2     |
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         +-----------+-----------+


                    Figure 3: dual-view-crop video layout

   <dual-view-2x1/>  layout presenting two streams one above the other
      in two regions as shown in Figure 4.  The MS MUST NOT alter the
      aspect ratio of each stream to fit its region and hence the MS
      might need to blank out part of each region.


                               +-----------+
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               |     1     |
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               +-----------+
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               |     2     |
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               +-----------+


                     Figure 4: dual-view-2x1 video layout

   <dual-view-2x1-crop/>  layout presenting two streams one above the
      other in two regions as shown in Figure 5.  The MS MUST alter the
      aspect ratio of each stream to fit its region so that no blanking
      is required.






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                               +-----------+
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               |     1     |
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               +-----------+
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               |     2     |
                               |           |
                               |           |
                               +-----------+


                  Figure 5: dual-view-2x1-crop video layout

   <quad-view/>  layout presenting four equal-sized regions in a 2x2
      layout as shown in Figure 6.  Typically the aspect ratio of the
      streams is preserved, so blanking is required.


                         +-----------+-----------+
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         |     1     |     2     |
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         +-----------+-----------+
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         |     3     |     4     |
                         |           |           |
                         |           |           |
                         +-----------+-----------+


                       Figure 6: quad-view video layout

   <multiple-3x3/>  layout presenting nine equal-sized regions in a 3x3
      layout as shown in Figure 7.  Typically the aspect ratio of the
      streams is preserved, so blanking is required.









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                   +-----------+-----------+-----------+
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |     1     |     2     |     3     |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   +-----------+-----------+-----------+
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |     4     |     5     |     6     |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   +-----------+-----------+-----------+
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |    7      |     8     |     9     |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   +-----------+-----------+-----------+


                     Figure 7: multiple-3x3 video layout

   <multiple-4x4/>  layout presenting sixteen equal-sized regions in a
      4x4 layout as shown in Figure 8.  Typically the aspect ratio of
      the streams is preserved, so blanking is required.

























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             +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |     1     |     2     |     3     |     4     |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |     5     |     6     |     7     |     8     |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |     9     |    10     |    11     |    12     |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |    13     |    14     |    15     |    16     |
             |           |           |           |           |
             |           |           |           |           |
             +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+


                     Figure 8: multiple-4x4 video layout

   <multiple-5x1/>  layout presents a 5x1 layout as shown in Figure 9
      where one region will occupy 4/9 of the mixed video stream while
      the others will each occupy 1/9 of the stream.  Typically the
      aspect ratio of the streams is preserved, so blanking is required.


















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                   +-----------------------+-----------+
                   |                       |           |
                   |                       |           |
                   |                       |     2     |
                   |                       |           |
                   |                       |           |
                   |           1           +-----------+
                   |                       |           |
                   |                       |           |
                   |                       |     3     |
                   |                       |           |
                   |                       |           |
                   +-----------+-----------+-----------+
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |    4      |     5     |     6     |
                   |           |           |           |
                   |           |           |           |
                   +-----------+-----------+-----------+


                     Figure 9: multiple-5x1 video layout

4.2.1.4.3.  <video-switch>

   The <video-switch> element describe the configuration of the
   conference policy for how participant's input video streams are
   assigned to regions within the active video layout.

   The <video-switch> element has the following child elements defined
   (one child occurrence only) indicating the video switching policy of
   the conference:

   <vas/>  (Voice Activated Switching) enables automatic display of the
      loudest speaker participant also providing a video input stream to
      the conference.  Participants who do not provide an audio stream
      are not considered for automatic display.  If a participant
      provides more than one audio stream, then the policy for inclusion
      of such a participant in the VAS is implementation-specific; an MS
      could select one stream, sum audio streams or ignore the
      participant for VAS consideration.  If there is only one region in
      the layout, then the loudest speaker is displayed there.  If more
      than one region is available, then the loudest speaker is
      displayed in the largest region, if any, and then in the first
      region from the top-left corner of the layout.  The MS assigns the
      remaining regions based on the priority mechanism described in
      Section 4.2.1.4.3.1.




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   <controller/>  enables manual control over video switching.  The
      controller AS determines how the regions are assigned based on an
      external floor control policy.  The MS receives <join>,
      <modifyjoin> and <unjoin> commands with a <stream> element
      (Section 4.2.2.5) indicating the region where the stream is
      displayed.  If no explicit region is specified, the MS assigns the
      region based on the priority mechanism described in
      Section 4.2.1.4.3.1.

   An MS MAY support other video switching policies.  Other policies
   MUST be specified using an element from a namespace other than the
   one used in this specification.  For example,

   <video-switch>
    <mypolicy xmlns='http://example.com/foo'/>
   </video-switch>

   The <video-switch> element has the following attributes:

   interval:  specifies the period between video switches as a number of
      seconds.  In the case of <vas/> policy, a speaker needs to be the
      loudest speaker for the interval before the switch takes place.  A
      valid value is a non-negative integer (see Section 4.7.2).  A
      value of 0 indicates that switching is applied immediately.  The
      attribute is optional.  The default value is 3 (seconds).

   activespeakermix:  indicates whether or not the active (loudest)
      speaker participant receives a video stream without themselves
      displayed in the case of the <vas/> switching policy.  If enabled,
      the MS needs to generate two video streams for each conference
      mix: one for the active speaker participant without themselves
      displayed - details of this video layout are implementation-
      specific; and one for other participants as described in the
      <vas/> switch policy above.  A valid value is a boolean (see
      Section 4.7.1).  A value of true indicates that a separate video
      mix is generated for the active speaker without themselves being
      displayed.  A value of false indicates that all participants
      receive the same video mix.  The attribute is optional.  The
      default value is false.  If the type attribute is not set to
      <vas/>, the MS ignores this attribute.

   If the MS does not support the specified video switching policy or
   other configuration parameters (including separate active speaker
   video mixes), then MS reports a 424 error (Section 4.6) in the
   response to the request element containing the <video-switch>
   element.

   If the MS receives a <join> or <modifyjoin> request containing a



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   <stream> element (Section 4.2.2.5) specifying a region and the
   conference video switching policy is set to <vas/>, then the MS
   ignores the region (i.e. conference switching policy takes
   precedence).

   If the MS receives a <join> or <modifyjoin> request containing a
   <stream> element (Section 4.2.2.5) specifying a region which is not
   defined for the currently active video layout, the MS MUST NOT report
   an error.  Even though the participant is not currently visible, the
   MS displays the participant if the layout changes to one which
   defines the specified region.

   For example, a fragment specifying a <vas/> video switching policy
   with an interval of 2s

    <video-switch interval="2"><vas/></video-switch>

   For example, a fragment specifying a <controller/> video switching
   policy where video switching takes place immediately:

    <video-switch interval="0"><controller/></video-switch>

4.2.1.4.3.1.  Priority assignment

   In cases where the video switching policy does not explicitly
   determine the region to which a participant is assigned, the
   following priority assignment mechanism applies:

   1.  Each participant has an (positive integer) priority value: the
       lower the value, the higher the priority.  The priority value is
       determined by the <priority> child element (Section 4.2.2.5.4) of
       <stream>.  If not explicitly specified, the default priority
       value is 100.

   2.  The MS uses priority values to assign participants to regions in
       the video layout which remain unfilled after application of the
       video switching policy.  The MS MUST dedicate larger and/or more
       prominent portions of the layout to participants with higher
       priority values first (e.g. first, all participants with priority
       1, then those with 2, 3, etc).

   3.  The policy for displaying participants with the same priority is
       implementation-specific.

   The MS applies this priority policy each time the video layout is
   changed or updated.  It is RECOMMENDED that the MS does not move a
   participant from one region to another unless required by the video
   switching policy when an active video layout is updated.



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   This model allows the MS to apply default video layouts after
   applying the video switch policy.  For example, region 2 is
   statically assigned to Bob, so the priority mechanism only applies to
   regions 1, 3, 4, etc.

4.2.1.4.4.  <subscribe>

   The <subscribe> element is a container for specifying conference
   notification events to which a controlling entity subscribes.
   Notifications of conference events are delivered using the <event>
   element (see Section 4.2.4).

   The <subscribe> element has no attributes, but has the following
   child element:

   <active-talkers-sub>:  subscription to active talker events
      (Section 4.2.1.4.4.1).  The element is optional.

   The MS MUST support a <active-talkers-sub> subscription.  It MAY
   support other event subscriptions (specified using attributes and
   child elements from a foreign namespace).  If the MS does not support
   a subscription specified in a foreign namespace, it sends a
   <response> with a 428 status code (see Section 4.6).

4.2.1.4.4.1.  <active-talkers-sub>

   The <active-talkers-sub> element has the following attributes:

   interval:  the minimum amount of time (in seconds) that elapses
      before further active talker events can be generated.  A valid
      value is a non-negative integer (see Section 4.7.2).  A value of 0
      suppresses further notifications.  The attribute is optional.  The
      default value is 3 (seconds).

   The <active-talkers-sub> element has no child elements.

   Active talker notifications are delivered in the <active-talkers-
   notify> element (Section 4.2.4.1).

4.2.2.  Joining Elements

   In this section, the joining model is defined (Section 4.2.2.1) as
   well as definitions of the <join> (Section 4.2.2.2), <modifyjoin>
   (Section 4.2.2.3), <unjoin> (Section 4.2.2.4) and <stream>
   (Section 4.2.2.5) elements.






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4.2.2.1.  Joining Model

   The <join> operation creates a media stream between a connection and
   a conference, between connections, or between conferences.  This
   section describes the model of conferences and connections and
   specifies the behavior for join requests to targets that already have
   an associated media stream.

   Conferences support multiple inputs and have resources to mix them
   together.  A media server conference in essence is a mixer that
   combines media streams.  A simple audio mixer simply sums its input
   audio signals to create a single common output.  Conferences however
   use a more complex algorithm so that participants do not hear
   themselves as part of the mix.  That algorithm, sometimes called an
   n-minus mix, subtracts each participants input signal from the summed
   input signals, creating a unique output for each contributing
   participant.  Each <join> operation to a conference uses one of the
   conference's available inputs and/or outputs, to the maximum number
   of supported participants.

   A connection is the termination of a RTP session(s) on a media
   server.  It has a single input and output for each media session
   established by its SIP dialog.  The output of a connection can feed
   several different inputs such as both a conference mixer and a
   recording of that participant's audio.

   Joining two connections which are are not joined to anything else
   simply creates a media stream from the outputs(s) of one connection
   to the corresponding inputs(s) of the other connection.  It is not
   necessary to combine media from multiple sources in this case.  There
   are however several common scenarios where combining media from
   several sources to create a single input to a connection is needed.

   In the first case, a connection can be receiving media from one
   source, for example a conference, and it is necessary to play an
   announcement to the connection so that both the conference audio and
   announcement can be heard by the conference participant.  This is
   sometimes referred to as a whisper announcement.  An alternative to a
   whisper announcement is to have the announcement pre-empt the
   conference media.

   Another common case is the call center coaching scenario where a
   supervisor can listen to the conversation between an agent and a
   customer, and provide hints to the agent, which are not heard by the
   customer.

   Both of these cases can be solved by having the controlling AS create
   one or more conferences for audio mixing, and then join and unjoin



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   the media streams as required.  A better solution is to have the
   media server automatically mix media streams that are requested to be
   joined to a common input when only the simple summing of audio
   signals as described above is required.  This is the case for both
   the use cases presented above.

   Automatically mixing streams has several benefits.  Conceptually, it
   is straight forward and simple, requiring no indirect requests on the
   part of the controlling AS.  This increases transport efficiency and
   reduces the coordination complexity and the latency of the overall
   operation.  Therefore, it is RECOMMENDED that a media server be able
   to automatically mix at least two audio streams where only the simple
   summing of signals is required.

   When a media server receives a <join> request, it MUST automatically
   mix all of the media streams included in the request with any streams
   already joined to one of the entities identified in the request, or
   it MUST fail the request and MUST NOT join any of the streams (and
   MUST NOT change existing streams of the entities).  A controlling AS
   uses the <createconference> request for generic conferences where the
   complex mixing algorithm is required.

   Specifications which extend this package to handle additional media
   types such as text, MUST define the semantics of the join operation
   when multiple streams are requested to be joined to a single input,
   such as that for a connection with a single RTP session per media
   type.

4.2.2.2.  <join>

   The <join> element is sent to the MS to request creation of one or
   more media streams either between a connection and a conference,
   between connections, or between conferences.  The two entities to
   join are specified by the attributes of <join>.

   Streams can be of any media type, and can be bi-directional or uni-
   directional.  A bi-directional stream is implicitly composed of two
   uni-directional streams that can be manipulated independently.  The
   streams to be established are specified by child <stream> elements
   (see Section 4.2.2.5).

   The <join> element has the following attributes:

   id1:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.




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   id2:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   Note: Section 16.1 of [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]
   defines the semantics for a conference identifier but not its syntax.
   Media server implementations need to distinguish between conferences
   and connections based upon the values of the "id1" and "id2"
   attributes.

   If id1 or id2 specify a conference identifier and the conference does
   not exist on the MS, the MS reports an error (406).  If id1 or id2
   specify a connection identifier and the connection does not exist on
   the MS, the MS reports an error (412).

   The <join> element has the following child element (0 or more):

   <stream>:   an element that both identifies the media streams to join
      and defines the way that they are to be joined (see
      Section 4.2.2.5).  The element is optional.

   If no <stream> elements are specified, then the default is to join
   all streams between the entities according to the media configuration
   of the connection or conference.

   One or more <stream> elements can be specified so that individual
   media streams can be controlled independently.  For example, if a
   connection supports both audio and video streams, a <stream> element
   could be used to indicate that only the audio stream is used in
   receive mode.  In cases where there are multiple media streams of the
   same type for a connection or conference, the configuration MUST be
   explicitly specified using <stream> elements.

   Multiple <stream> elements can be specified for precise control over
   the media flow in different directions within the same media stream.
   One <stream> element can be specified for the receiving media flow
   and another element for the sending media flow, where each
   independently controls features such as volume (see child element of
   <stream> in Section 4.2.2.5).  If there is only one <stream> element
   for a given media specifying a 'sendonly' or 'recvonly' direction,
   then the media flow in the opposite direction is inactive
   (established but no actual flow of media) unless this leads to a
   stream conflict.

   If the MS is unable to execute the join as specified in <stream>
   because a <stream> element is in conflict with (a) another <stream>
   element, (b) with specified connection or conference media



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   capabilities (including supported or available codec information), or
   (c) with a SDP label value as part of the connection-id (see Section
   16.1 of [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]), then the MS
   reports an error (407) and MUST NOT join the entities and MUST NOT
   change existing streams of the entities.

   If the MS is unable to execute the join as specified in <stream>
   elements because the MS does not support the media stream
   configuration, the MS reports an error (422) and MUST NOT join the
   entities and MUST NOT change existing streams of the entities.

   If the MS is unable to join an entity to a conference because it is
   full, then the MS reports an error (410).

   If the specified entities are already joined, then the MS reports an
   error (408).

   If the MS does not support joining two specified connections
   together, the MS reports an error (426).

   If the MS does not support joining two specified conferences
   together, the MS reports an error (427).

   If the MS is unable to join the specified entities for any other
   reason, the MS reports an error (411).

   When the MS has finished processing a <join> request, it MUST reply
   with an <response> element (Section 4.2.3).

   For example, a request to join two connection together:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="1536067209:913cd14c"/>
   </mscmixer>

   and the response if the MS doesn't support joining media streams
   between connections:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="426" reason="mixing connections not supported"/>
   </mscmixer>

4.2.2.3.  <modifyjoin>

   The <modifyjoin> element is sent to the MS to request changes in the
   configuration of media stream(s) that were previously established
   between a connection and a conference, between two connections, or
   between two conferences.



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   The <modifyjoin> element has the following attributes:

   id1:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   id2:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   The <modifyjoin> element has the following child elements (1 or
   more):

   <stream>:   an element that both identifies the media streams to
      modify and defines the way that each stream is now to be
      configured (see Section 4.2.2.5).

   The MS MUST support <modifyjoin> for any stream that was established
   using <join>.

   The MS MUST configure the streams that are included within
   <modifyjoin> to that stated by the child elements.

   If the MS is unable to modify the join as specified in <stream>
   elements because a <stream> element is in conflict with (a) another
   <stream> element, (b) with specified connection or conference media
   capabilities (including supported or available codec information), or
   (c) with a SDP label value as part of the connection-id (see Section
   16.1 of [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]), then the MS
   reports an error (407) and MUST NOT modify the join between the
   entities and MUST NOT change existing streams of the entities.

   If the MS is unable to modify the join as specified in <stream>
   elements because the MS does not support the media stream
   configuration, the MS reports an error (422) and MUST NOT modify the
   join between the entities and MUST NOT change existing streams of the
   entities.

   If the specified entities are not already joined, then the MS reports
   an error (409).

   If the MS is unable to modify the join between the specified entities
   for any other reason, the MS reports an error (411).

   When an MS has finished processing a <modifyjoin> request, it MUST
   reply with an appropriate <response> element (Section 4.2.3).



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   In cases where stream characteristics are controlled independently
   for each direction, then a <modifyjoin> request needs to specify a
   child element for each direction in order to retain the original
   stream directionality.  For the example, if a <join> request
   establishes independent control for each direction of an audio stream
   (see Section 4.2.2.5):

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conference1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendonly">
      <volume controltype="setgain" value="-3"/>
     </stream>
     <stream media="audio" direction="recvonly">
      <volume controltype="setgain" value="+3"/>
     </stream>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   then the following <modifyjoin> request

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <modifyjoin id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conference1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendonly">
       <volume controltype="setgain" value="0"/>
     </stream>
     </modifyjoin>
   </mscmixer>

   would cause, in addition to the sendonly volume being modified, that
   the overall stream directionality changes from sendrecv to sendonly
   since there is no <stream> element in this <modifyjoin> request for
   the recvonly direction.  The following would change the sendonly
   volume and retain the recvonly stream together with its original
   characteristics such as volume:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <modifyjoin id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conference1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendonly">
       <volume controltype="setgain" value="0"/>
     </stream>
     <stream media="audio" direction="recvonly"/>
     </modifyjoin>
   </mscmixer>








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4.2.2.4.  <unjoin>

   The <unjoin> element is sent to the MS to request removal of
   previously established media stream(s) from between a connection and
   a conference, between two connections, or between two conferences.

   The <unjoin> element has the following attributes:

   id1:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   id2:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 15.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   The <unjoin> element has the following child element (0 or more
   occurrences):

   <stream>:   an element that identifies the media stream(s) to remove
      (see Section 4.2.2.5).  The element is optional.  When not
      present, all currently established streams between "id1" and "id2"
      are removed.

   The MS MUST support <unjoin> for any stream that was established
   using <join> and has not already been removed by a previous <unjoin>
   on the same stream.

   If the MS is unable to terminate the join as specified in <stream>
   elements because a <stream> element is in conflict with (a) another
   <stream> element, (b) with specified connection or conference media
   capabilities or (c) with a SDP label value as part of the
   connection-id (see Section 16.1 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]), then the MS reports an
   error (407) and MUST NOT terminate the join between the entities and
   MUST NOT change existing streams of the entities.

   If the MS is unable to terminate the join as specified in <stream>
   elements because the MS does not support the media stream
   configuration, the MS reports an error (422) and MUST NOT terminate
   the join between the entities and MUST NOT change existing streams of
   the entities.

   If the specified entities are not already joined, then the MS reports
   an error (409).




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   If the MS is unable to terminate the join between the specified
   entities for any other reason, the MS reports an error (411).

   When an MS has successfully processed a <unjoin> request, it MUST
   reply with a successful <response> element (Section 4.2.3).

4.2.2.5.  <stream>

   <join>, <modifyjoin> and <unjoin> require the identification and
   manipulations of media streams.  Media streams represent the flow of
   media between a participant connection and a conference, between two
   connections, or between two conferences.  The <stream> element is
   used (as a child to <join>, <modifyjoin> and <unjoin) to identify the
   media stream(s) for the request and to specify the configuration of
   the media stream.

   The <stream> element has the following attributes:

   media:  a string indicating the type of media associated with the
      stream.  A valid value is a MIME type-name as defined in Section
      4.2 of [RFC4288].  The following values MUST be used for common
      types of media: "audio" for audio media, and "video" for video
      media.  See IANA ([IANA]) for registered MIME type names.  The
      attribute is mandatory.

   label:  a string indicating the SDP label associated with a media
      stream ([RFC4574]).  The attribute is optional.

   direction:  a string indicating the allowed media flow of the stream
      relative to the value of the "id1" attribute of the parent
      element.  Defined values are: "sendrecv" (media can be sent and
      received), "sendonly" (media can only be sent), "recvonly" (media
      can only be received) and "inactive" (stream established but no
      media flow).  The default value is "sendrecv".  The attribute is
      optional.

   The <stream> element has the following sequence of child elements:

   <volume>:  an element (Section 4.2.2.5.1) to configure the volume or
      gain of the media stream.  The element is optional.

   <clamp>:  an element (Section 4.2.2.5.2) to configure filtering and
      removal of tones from the media stream.  The element is optional.

   <region>:  an element (Section 4.2.2.5.3) to configure a region
      within a video layout where the media stream is displayed.  The
      element is optional.




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   <priority>:  an element (Section 4.2.2.5.4) to configure priority
      associated with the stream in the media mix.  The element is
      optional.

   In each child element, the media stream affected is indicated by the
   value of the direction attribute of the parent element.

   If the media attribute does not have the value of "audio", then the
   MS ignores <volume> and <clamp> elements.

   If the media attribute does not have the value of "video", then the
   MS ignores a <region> element.

   For example, a request to join a connection to conference in both
   directions with volume control:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conference1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendrecv">
      <volume controltype="setgain" value="-3"/>
     </stream>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   where audio flow from the connection (id1) to the conference (id2)
   has the volume lowered by 3dB, and likewise the volume of the audio
   flow from the conference to the connection is lowered by 3 dB.

   In this example, the volume is independently controlled for each
   direction.

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conference1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendonly">
      <volume controltype="setgain" value="-3"/>
     </stream>
     <stream media="audio" direction="recvonly">
      <volume controltype="setgain" value="+3"/>
     </stream>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   where audio flow from the connection (id1) to the conference (id2)
   has the volume lowered by 3dB, but the volume of the audio flow from
   the conference to the connection is raised by 3 dB.






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4.2.2.5.1.  <volume>

   The <volume> element is used to configure the volume of an audio
   media stream.  It can be set to a specific gain amount, to
   automatically adjust the gain to a desired target level, or to mute
   the volume.

   The <volume> element has no child elements but has the following
   attributes:

   controltype:  a string indicating the type of volume control to use
      for the stream.  Defined values are: "automatic" (the volume will
      be adjusted automatically to the level specified by the "value"
      attribute), "setgain" (use the value of the "value" attribute as a
      specific gain measured in dB to apply), "setstate" (set the state
      of the stream to "mute" or "unmute" as specified by the value of
      the "value" attribute).  The attribute is mandatory.

   value:  a string specifying the amount or state for the volume
      control defined by the value of the "controltype" attribute.  The
      attribute is optional.  There is no default value.

   If the audio media stream is in a muted state, then the MS also
   changes automatically the state to unmuted with an "automatic" or
   "setgain" volume control.  For the example, assume an audio stream
   has been muted with <volume controltype="setstate" value="mute"/>.
   If the gain on the same stream is changed with <volume
   controltype="setgain" value="+3"/>, then the volume is increased and
   stream state is also changed to unmuted.

4.2.2.5.2.  <clamp>

   The <clamp> element is used to configure whether tones are filtered
   and removed from a media stream.

   The <clamp> element has no child elements but has the following
   attributes:

   tones:  A space-separated list of the tones to remove.  The attribute
      is optional.  The default value is "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 * # A B C
      D" (i.e. all DTMF (Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency) tones removed).

4.2.2.5.3.  <region>

   As described in Section 4.2.1.4.2.1, each <video-layout> is composed
   of one or more named regions (or areas) in which video media can be
   presented.  For example, the XCON layout <dual-view> has two regions
   named "1" and "2" respectively.



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   The <region> element is used to explicitly specify the name of the
   area within a video layout where a video media stream is displayed.

   The <region> element has no attributes and its content model
   specifies the name of the region.

4.2.2.5.4.  <priority>

   The <priority> element is used to explicitly specify the priority of
   a participant.  The MS uses this priority to determine where the
   media stream is displayed within a video layout
   (Section 4.2.1.4.3.1).

   The <priority> element has no attributes and its content model
   specifies a positive integer (see Section 4.7.3).  The lower the
   value, the higher the priority.

4.2.3.  <response>

   Responses to requests are indicated by a <response> element.

   The <response> element has following attributes:

   status:  numeric code indicating the response status.  Valid values
      are defined in Section 4.6.  The attribute is mandatory.

   reason:  string specifying a reason for the response status.  The
      attribute is optional.

   desclang:  specifies the language used in the value of the the reason
      attribute.  A valid value is a language identifier
      (Section 4.7.7).  The attribute is optional.  If not specified,
      the value of the desclang attribute on <mscmixer> (Section 4.1)
      applies.

   conferenceid:  string identifying the conference (see Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).  The attribute is
      optional.

   connectionid:  string identifying the SIP dialog connection (see
      Section 16.1 of [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).  The
      attribute is optional.

   For example, a response when a conference was created successfully:

   <response code="200"/>

   The response if conference creation failed due to the requested



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   conference id already existing:

   <response code="405" reason="Conference already exists"/>

4.2.4.  <event>

   When a mixer generates a notification event, the MS sends the event
   using an <event> element.

   The <event> element has no attributes, but has the following sequence
   of child elements (0 or more instances of each child):

   <active-talkers-notify>  specifies an active talkers notification
      (Section 4.2.4.1).

   <unjoin-notify>  notifies that a connection or conference has been
      completely unjoined (Section 4.2.4.2).

   <conferenceexit>  notifies that a conference has exited
      (Section 4.2.4.3).

4.2.4.1.  <active-talkers-notify>

   The <active-talkers-notify> element describes zero or more speakers
   that have been active in a conference during the specified interval
   (see Section 4.2.1.4.4.1).

   The <active-talkers-notify> element has the following attributes:

   conferenceid:  string indicating the name of the conference from
      which the event originated.  This attribute is mandatory.

   The <active-talkers-notify> element has the following sequence of
   child elements (0 or more occurrences):

   <active-talker>  element describing an active talker
      (Section 4.2.4.1.1).

4.2.4.1.1.  <active-talker>

   The <active-talker> element describes an active talker, associated
   with either a connection or conference participant in a conference.

   The <active-talker> element has the following attributes:







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   connectionid:  string indicating the connectionid of the active
      talker.  This attribute is optional.  There is no default value.

   conferenceid:  string indicating the conferenceid of the active
      talker.  This attribute is optional.  There is no default value.

   Note that the element does not describe an active talker if both the
   connectionid and conferenceid attributes are specified, or if neither
   attribute is specified.

   The <active-talker> element has no child elements.

4.2.4.2.  <unjoin-notify>

   The <unjoin-notify> element describes a notification event where a
   connection and/or conference have been completely unjoined.

   The <unjoin-notify> element has the following attributes:

   status:  a status code indicating why the unjoin occurred.  A valid
      value is a non-negative integer (see Section 4.7.2).  The MS MUST
      support the following values:

      0  indicates the join has been terminated by a <unjoin> request.

      1  indicates the join terminated due to an execution error.

      2  indicates that the join terminated because a connection or
         conference has terminated.

      All other valid but undefined values are reserved for future use,
      where new status codes are assigned using the Standards Action
      process defined in [RFC5226].  The AS MUST treat any status code
      it does not recognize as being equivalent to 1 (join execution
      error).  The attribute is mandatory.

   reason:  a textual description providing a reason for the status
      code; e.g. details about an error.  A valid value is a string (see
      Section 4.7.4).  The attribute is optional.  There is no default
      value.

   desclang:  specifies the language used in the value of the the reason
      attribute.  A valid value is a language identifier
      (Section 4.7.7).  The attribute is optional.  If not specified,
      the value of the desclang attribute on <mscmixer> (Section 4.1)
      applies.





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   id1:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   id2:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   The <unjoin-notify> element has no child elements.

4.2.4.3.  <conferenceexit>

   The <conferenceexit> element indicates that a conference has exited
   because it has been terminated or because a error occurred (for
   example, a hardware error in the conference mixing unit).  This event
   MUST be sent by the MS whenever a successfully created conference
   exits.

   The <conferenceexit> element has the following attributes:

   conferenceid:  string indicating the name of the conference.  This
      attribute is mandatory.

   status:  a status code indicating why the conference exited.  A valid
      value is a non-negative integer (see Section 4.7.2).  The MS MUST
      support the following values:

      0  indicates the conference has been terminated by a
         <destroyconference> request.

      1  indicates the conference terminated due to an execution error.

      2  indicates the conference terminated due to exceeding the
         maximum duration for a conference.

      All other valid but undefined values are reserved for future use,
      where new status codes are assigned using the Standards Action
      process defined in [RFC5226].  The AS MUST treat any status code
      it does not recognize as being equivalent to 1 (conference
      execution error).  The attribute is mandatory.

   reason:  a textual description providing a reason for the status
      code; e.g. details about an error.  A valid value is a string (see
      Section 4.7.4).  The attribute is optional.  There is no default
      value.




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   desclang:  specifies the language used in the value of the the reason
      attribute.  A valid value is a language identifier
      (Section 4.7.7).  The attribute is optional.  If not specified,
      the value of the desclang attribute on <mscmixer> (Section 4.1)
      applies.

   The <conferenceexit> element has no child elements.

   When a MS sends a <conferenceexit> event, the identifier for the
   conference (conferenceid attribute) is no longer valid on the MS and
   can be reused for another conference.

   For example, the following notification event would be sent from the
   MS when the conference with identifier "conference99" exits due to a
   successful <destroyconference/>:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <event>
     <conferenceexit conferenceid="conference99"
        status="0"/>
    </event>
   </mscmixer>

4.3.  Audit Elements

   The audit elements defined in this section allow the MS to be audited
   for package capabilities as well as mixers managed by the package.
   Auditing is particularly important for two use cases.  First, it
   enables discovery of package capabilities supported on an MS before
   an AS creates a conference mixer or joins connections and
   conferences.  The AS can then use this information to create request
   elements using supported capabilities and, in the case of codecs, to
   negotiate an appropriate SDP for a user agent's connection.  Second,
   auditing enables discovery of the existence and status of mixers
   currently managed by the package on the MS.  This could be used when
   one AS takes over management of mixers if the AS which created the
   mixers fails or is no longer available (see Security Considerations
   described in Section 7).

4.3.1.  <audit>

   The <audit> request element is sent to the MS to request information
   about the capabilities of, and mixers currently managed with, this
   control package.  Capabilities include supported conference codecs
   and video layouts.  Mixer information includes the status of managed
   mixers as well as codecs.

   The <audit> element has the following attributes:



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   capabilities:  indicates whether package capabilities are to be
      audited.  A valid value is a boolean (see Section 4.7.1).  A value
      of true indicates that capability information is to be reported.
      A value of false indicates that capability information is not to
      be reported.  The attribute is optional.  The default value is
      true.

   mixers:  indicates whether mixers currently managed by the package
      are to be audited.  A valid value is a boolean (see
      Section 4.7.1).  A value of true indicates that mixer information
      is to be reported.  A value of false indicates that mixer
      information is not to be reported.  The attribute is optional.
      The default value is true.

   conferenceid:  string identifying a specific conference mixer to
      audit.  It is an error (406) if the conferenceid attribute is
      specified and the conference identifier is not valid.  The
      attribute is optional.  There is no default value.

   If the mixers attribute has the value true and conferenceid attribute
   is specified, then only audit information about the specified
   conference mixer is reported.  If the mixers attribute has the value
   false, then no mixer audit information is reported even if a
   conferenceid attribute is specified.

   The <audit> element has no child elements.

   When the MS receives an <audit> request, it MUST reply with a
   <auditresponse> element (Section 4.3.2) which includes a mandatory
   attribute describing the status in terms of a numeric code.  Response
   status codes are defined in Section 4.6.  If the request is
   successful, the <auditresponse> contains (depending on attribute
   values) a <capabilities> element (Section 4.3.2.1) reporting package
   capabilities and a <mixers> element (Section 4.3.2.2) reporting
   managed mixer information.  If the MS is not able to process the
   request and carry out the audit operation, the audit request has
   failed and the MS MUST indicate the class of failure using an
   appropriate 4xx response code.  Unless an error response code is
   specified for a class of error within this section, implementations
   follow Section 4.6 in determining the appropriate status code for the
   response.

   For example, a request to audit capabilities and mixers managed by
   the package:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
     <audit/>
   </mscmixer>



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   In this example, only capabilities are to be audited:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
     <audit mixers="false"/>
   </mscmixer>

   With this example, only a specific conference mixer is to be audited:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
     <audit capabilities="false" conferenceid="conf4"/>
   </mscmixer>

4.3.2.  <auditresponse>

   The <auditresponse> element describes a response to a <audit>
   request.

   The <auditresponse> element has the following attributes:

   status:  numeric code indicating the audit response status.  The
      attribute is mandatory.  Valid values are defined in Section 4.6.

   reason:  string specifying a reason for the status.  The attribute is
      optional.

   desclang:  specifies the language used in the value of the the reason
      attribute.  A valid value is a language identifier
      (Section 4.7.7).  The attribute is optional.  If not specified,
      the value of the desclang attribute on <mscmixer> (Section 4.1)
      applies.

   The <auditresponse> element has the following sequence of child
   elements:

   <capabilities>  element (Section 4.3.2.1) describing capabilities of
      the package.  The element is optional.

   <mixers>  element (Section 4.3.2.2) describing information about
      managed mixers.  The element is optional.

   For example, a successful response to a <audit> request requesting
   capabilities and mixer information:









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   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <auditresponse status="200">
     <capabilities>
      <codecs>
       <codec name="video">
        <subtype>H263</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="video">
        <subtype>H264</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="audio">
        <subtype>PCMU</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="audio">
        <subtype>PCMA</subtype>
       </codec>
      </codecs>
     </capabilities>
     <mixers>
      <conferenceaudit conferenceid="conf1">
       <codecs>
        <codec name="audio">
         <subtype>PCMA</subtype>
        </codec>
       </codecs>
       <participants>
        <participant id="1536067209:913cd14c"/>
       </participants>
      </conferenceaudit>
      <joinaudit id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conf1"/>
      <joinaudit id1="1636067209:113cd14c" id2="1836067209:313cd14c"/>
      <joinaudit id1="1736067209:213cd14c" id2="1936067209:413cd14c"/>
     </mixers>
    </auditresponse>
   </mscmixer>

4.3.2.1.  <capabilities>

   The <capabilities> element provides audit information about package
   capabilities.

   The <capabilities> element has no attributes.

   The <capabilities> element has the following sequence of child
   elements:






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   <codecs>:  element (Section 4.4) describing codecs available to the
      package.  The element is mandatory.

   For example, a fragment describing capabilities:

     <capabilities>
      <codecs>
       <codec name="video">
        <subtype>H263</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="video">
        <subtype>H264</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="audio">
        <subtype>PCMU</subtype>
       </codec>
       <codec name="audio">
        <subtype>PCMA</subtype>
       </codec>
      </codecs>
     </capabilities>

4.3.2.2.  <mixers>

   The <mixers> element provides audit information about mixers.

   The <mixers> element has no attributes.

   The <mixers> element has the following sequence of child elements (0
   or more occurrences, any order):

   <conferenceaudit>:  audit information for a conference mixer
      (Section 4.3.2.2.1).  The element is optional.

   <joinaudit>:  audit information for a join mixer (Section 4.3.2.2.2).
      The element is optional.

4.3.2.2.1.  <conferenceaudit>

   The <conferenceaudit> element has the following attributes:

   conferenceid:  string identifying the conference (see Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).  The attribute is
      mandatory.

   The <conferenceaudit> element has the following sequence of child
   elements:




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   <codecs>  element describing codecs used in the conference.  See
      Section 4.4.  The element is optional.

   <participants>  element listing connections or conferences joined to
      the conference.  See Section 4.3.2.2.1.1.  The element is
      optional.

   <video-layout>  element describing the active video layout for the
      conference.  See Section 4.2.1.4.2.1.  The element is optional.

   For example, a fragment describing a conference which has been
   created but has no participants:

   <conferenceaudit conferenceid="conference1"/>

   And a fragment when the same conference has three participants (two
   connections and another conference) joined to it:

   <conferenceaudit conferenceid="conference1">
    <codecs>
     <codec name="audio">
      <subtype>PCMU</subtype>
     </codec>
    </codecs>
    <participants>
      <participant id="connection1"/>
      <participant id="connection2"/>
      <participant id="conference2"/>
    </participants>
   </conferenceaudit>

4.3.2.2.1.1.  <participants>

   The <participants> element is a container for <participant> elements
   (Section 4.3.2.2.1.1.1).

   The <participants> element has no attributes, but the following child
   elements are defined (0 or more):

   <participant>:  specifies a participant (Section 4.3.2.2.1.1.1).

4.3.2.2.1.1.1.  <participant>

   The <participant> element describes a participant.

   The <participant> element has the following attributes:





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   id:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework].  The attribute is
      mandatory.

   The <participant> element has no children.

4.3.2.2.2.  <joinaudit>

   The <joinaudit> element has the following attributes:

   id1:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   id2:  an identifier for either a connection or a conference.  The
      identifier MUST conform to the syntax defined in Section 16.1 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] The attribute is
      mandatory.

   The <joinaudit> element has no children.

   For example, a fragment describing an audit of two join mixers, one
   between connections and the second between conferences:

   <mixers>
    <joinaudit id1="1536067209:913cd14" id2="1636067209:413cd14"/>
    <joinaudit id1="conference1" id2="conference2"/>
   </mixers>

4.4.  <codecs>

   The <codecs> element is a container for one or more codec
   definitions.  Codec definitions are used by an AS to specify the
   codecs allowed for a conference (e.g. when used as a child of
   <createconference> or <modifyconference).  Codec definitions are used
   by an MS to provide audit information about the codecs supported by
   an MS and used in specific conferences.

   The <codecs> element has no attributes.

   The <codecs> element has the following sequence of child elements (0
   or more occurrences):







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   <codec>:  defines a codec and optionally its policy (Section 4.4.1).
      The element is optional.

   For example, a fragment describing two codecs:

   <codecs>
     <codec name="audio">
      <subtype>PCMA</subtype>
     </codec>
     <codec name="video">
       <subtype>H263</subtype>
     </codec>
   </codecs>

4.4.1.  <codec>

   The <codec> element describes a codec.  The element is modeled on the
   <codec> element in the XCON conference information data model
   ([I-D.ietf-xcon-common-data-model]) and allows addition information
   (e.g. rate, speed, etc) to be specified.

   The <codec> element has the following attributes:

   name:  indicates the type name of the codec's media format as defined
      in IANA ([IANA]).  A valid value is a "type-name" as defined in
      Section 4.2 of [RFC4288].  The attribute is manadatory.

   The <codec> element has the following sequence of child elements:

   <subtype>:  element whose content model describes the subtype of the
      codec's media format as defined in IANA ([IANA]).  A valid value
      is a "subtype-name" as defined in Section 4.2 of [RFC4288].  The
      element is mandatory.

   <params>:  element (Section 4.5) describing additional information
      about the codec.  This package is agnostic to the names and values
      of the codec parameters supported by an implementation.  The
      element is optional.

   For example, a fragment with a <codec> element describing the H263
   codec:

   <codec name=video">
    <subtype>H263</subtype>
   </codec>

   And a fragment where the <codec> element describes the H264 video
   codec with additional information about the profile level and



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   packetization mode:

   <codec name="video">
    <subtype>H264</subtype>
    <params>
     <param name="profile-level-id">42A01E</param>
     <param name="packetization-mode">0</param>
    </params>
   </codec>

4.5.  <params>

   The <params> element is a container for <param> elements
   (Section 4.5.1).

   The <params> element has no attributes, but the following child
   elements are defined (0 or more):

   <param>:  specifies a parameter name and value (Section 4.5.1).

4.5.1.  <param>

   The <param> element describes a parameter name and value.

   The <param> element has the following attributes:

   name:  a string indicating the name of the parameter.  The attribute
      is mandatory.

   type:  specifies a type indicating how the inline value of the
      parameter is to be interpreted.  A valid value is a MIME media
      type (see Section 4.7.6).  The attribute is optional.  The default
      value is "text/plain".

   encoding:  specifies a content-transfer-encoding schema applied to
      the inline value of the parameter on top of the MIME media type
      specified with the type attribute.  A valid value is a content-
      transfer-encoding schema as defined by the "mechanism" token in
      Section 6.1 of [RFC2045].  The attribute is optional.  There is no
      default value.

   The <param> element content model is the value of the parameter.
   Note that a value which contains XML characters (e.g. "<") needs to
   be escaped following standard XML conventions.







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4.6.  Response Status Codes

   This section describes the response codes in Table 1 for the status
   attribute of mixer management <response> (Section 4.2.3) and audit
   <auditresponse> (Section 4.3.2) responses.  The MS MUST support the
   status response codes defined here.  All other valid but undefined
   values are reserved for future use, where new status codes are
   assigned using the Standards Action process defined in [RFC5226].
   The AS MUST treat any responses it does not recognize as being
   equivalent to the x00 response code for all classes.  For example, if
   an AS receives an unrecognized response code of 499, it can safely
   assume that there was something wrong with its request and treat the
   response as if it had received a 400 (Syntax error) response code.

   4xx responses are definite failure responses from a particular MS.
   The reason attribute in the response SHOULD identify the failure in
   more detail, for example, "Mandatory attribute missing: id2 join
   element" for a 400 (Syntax error) response code.

   The AS SHOULD NOT retry the same request without modification (for
   example, correcting a syntax error or changing the conferenceid to
   use one available on the MS).  However, the same request to a
   different MS might be successful; for example, if another MS supports
   a capability required in the request.

   4xx failure responses can be grouped into three classes: failure due
   to a syntax error in the request (400); failure due to an error
   executing the request on the MS (405-419); and failure due to the
   request requiring a capability not supported by the MS (420-435).

   In cases where more than one request code could be reported for a
   failure, the MS SHOULD use the most specific error code of the
   failure class for the detected error.  For example, if the MS detects
   that the conference identifier in the request is invalid, then it
   uses a 406 status code.  However, if the MS merely detects that an
   execution error occurred, then 419 is used.















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   +-------+---------------+----------------------+--------------------+
   | Code  | Summary       | Description          | Informational: AS  |
   |       |               |                      | Possible Recovery  |
   |       |               |                      | Action             |
   +-------+---------------+----------------------+--------------------+
   | 200   | OK            | request has          |                    |
   |       |               | succeeded            |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 400   | Syntax error  | request is           | Change the request |
   |       |               | syntactically        | so that it is      |
   |       |               | invalid: it is not   | syntactically      |
   |       |               | valid with respect   | valid.             |
   |       |               | to the XML schema    |                    |
   |       |               | specified in         |                    |
   |       |               | Section 5 or it      |                    |
   |       |               | violates a           |                    |
   |       |               | co-occurrence        |                    |
   |       |               | constraint for a     |                    |
   |       |               | request element      |                    |
   |       |               | defined in           |                    |
   |       |               | Section 4.           |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 405   | Conference    | request uses an      | Send an <audit>    |
   |       | already       | identifier to create | request            |
   |       | exists        | a new conference     | (Section 4.3.1)    |
   |       |               | (Section 4.2.1.1)    | requesting the     |
   |       |               | which is already     | list of conference |
   |       |               | used by another      | mixer identifiers  |
   |       |               | conference on the    | already used by    |
   |       |               | MS.                  | the MS and then    |
   |       |               |                      | use a conference   |
   |       |               |                      | identifier which   |
   |       |               |                      | is not listed.     |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 406   | Conference    | request uses an      | Send an <audit>    |
   |       | does not      | identifier for a     | request            |
   |       | exist         | conference which     | (Section 4.3.1)    |
   |       |               | does not exist on    | requesting the     |
   |       |               | the MS.              | list of conference |
   |       |               |                      | mixer identifiers  |
   |       |               |                      | used by the MS and |
   |       |               |                      | then use a         |
   |       |               |                      | conference         |
   |       |               |                      | identifier which   |
   |       |               |                      | is listed.         |
   |       |               |                      |                    |





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   | 407   | Incompatible  | request specifies a  | Change the media   |
   |       | stream        | media stream         | stream             |
   |       | configuration | configuration which  | configuration to   |
   |       |               | is in conflict with  | match the          |
   |       |               | itself, or the       | capabilities of    |
   |       |               | connection or        | the connection or  |
   |       |               | conference           | conference         |
   |       |               | capabilities (see    |                    |
   |       |               | Section 4.2.2.2)     |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 408   | joining       | request attempts to  | Send an <audit>    |
   |       | entities      | create a join mixer  | request            |
   |       | already       | (Section 4.2.2.2)    | (Section 4.3.1)    |
   |       | joined        | where the entities   | requesting the     |
   |       |               | are already joined   | list of join       |
   |       |               |                      | mixers on the MS   |
   |       |               |                      | and then use       |
   |       |               |                      | entities which are |
   |       |               |                      | not listed.        |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 409   | joining       | request attempts to  | Send an <audit>    |
   |       | entities not  | manipulate a join    | request            |
   |       | joined        | mixer where entities | (Section 4.3.1)    |
   |       |               | which are not joined | requesting the     |
   |       |               |                      | list of join       |
   |       |               |                      | mixers on the MS   |
   |       |               |                      | and then use       |
   |       |               |                      | entities which are |
   |       |               |                      | listed.            |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 410   | Unable to     | request attempts to  |                    |
   |       | join -        | join a participant   |                    |
   |       | conference    | to a conference      |                    |
   |       | full          | (Section 4.2.2.2)    |                    |
   |       |               | but the conference   |                    |
   |       |               | is already full      |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 411   | Unable to     | request attempts to  |                    |
   |       | perform join  | create, modify or    |                    |
   |       | mixer         | delete a join        |                    |
   |       | operation     | between entities but |                    |
   |       |               | fails                |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 412   | Connection    | request uses an      |                    |
   |       | does not      | identifier for a     |                    |
   |       | exist         | connection which     |                    |
   |       |               | does not exist on    |                    |
   |       |               | the MS.              |                    |



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   | 419   | Other         | requested operation  |                    |
   |       | execution     | cannot be executed   |                    |
   |       | error         | by the MS.           |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 420   | Conference    | request to create a  |                    |
   |       | reservation   | new conference       |                    |
   |       | failed        | (Section 4.2.1.1)    |                    |
   |       |               | failed due to        |                    |
   |       |               | unsupported          |                    |
   |       |               | reservation of       |                    |
   |       |               | talkers or           |                    |
   |       |               | listeners.           |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 421   | Unable to     | request to create or |                    |
   |       | configure     | modify a conference  |                    |
   |       | audio mix     | failed due to        |                    |
   |       |               | unsupported audio    |                    |
   |       |               | mix.                 |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 422   | Unsupported   | request contains one |                    |
   |       | media stream  | or more <stream>     |                    |
   |       | configuration | elements             |                    |
   |       |               | (Section 4.2.2.5)    |                    |
   |       |               | whose configuration  |                    |
   |       |               | is not supported by  |                    |
   |       |               | the MS.              |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 423   | Unable to     | request to create or |                    |
   |       | configure     | modify a conference  |                    |
   |       | video layouts | failed due to        |                    |
   |       |               | unsupported video    |                    |
   |       |               | layout               |                    |
   |       |               | configuration.       |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 424   | Unable to     | request to create or |                    |
   |       | configure     | modify a conference  |                    |
   |       | video switch  | failed due to        |                    |
   |       |               | unsupported video    |                    |
   |       |               | switch               |                    |
   |       |               | configuration.       |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 425   | Unable to     | request to create or |                    |
   |       | configure     | modify a conference  |                    |
   |       | codecs        | failed due to        |                    |
   |       |               | unsupported codec.   |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |





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   | 426   | Unable to     | request to join      |                    |
   |       | join - mixing | connection entities  |                    |
   |       | connections   | (Section 4.2.2.2)    |                    |
   |       | not supported | failed due lack of   |                    |
   |       |               | support for mixing   |                    |
   |       |               | connections.         |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 427   | Unable to     | request to join      |                    |
   |       | join - mixing | conference entities  |                    |
   |       | conferences   | (Section 4.2.2.2)    |                    |
   |       | not supported | failed due lack of   |                    |
   |       |               | support for mixing   |                    |
   |       |               | conferences.         |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 428   | Unsupported   | the request contains |                    |
   |       | foreign       | attributes or        |                    |
   |       | namespace     | elements from        |                    |
   |       | attribute or  | another namespace    |                    |
   |       | element       | which the MS does    |                    |
   |       |               | not support          |                    |
   |       |               |                      |                    |
   | 435   | Other         | request requires     |                    |
   |       | unsupported   | another capability   |                    |
   |       | capability    | not supported by the |                    |
   |       |               | MS                   |                    |
   +-------+---------------+----------------------+--------------------+

                           Table 1: status codes

4.7.  Type Definitions

   This section defines types referenced in attribute definitions.

4.7.1.  Boolean

   The value space of boolean is the set {true, false, 1, 0} as defined
   in Section 3.2.2 of [XMLSchema:Part2].  In accordance with this
   definition, the concept of false can be lexically represented by the
   strings "0" and "false" and the concept of true by the strings "1"
   and "true"; implementations MUST support both styles of lexical
   representation.

4.7.2.  Non-Negative Integer

   The value space of non-negative integer is the infinite set
   {0,1,2,...} as defined in Section 3.3.20 of [XMLSchema:Part2].





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4.7.3.  Positive Integer

   The value space of positive integer is the infinite set {1,2,...} as
   defined in Section 3.3.25 of [XMLSchema:Part2].

4.7.4.  String

   A string in the character encoding associated with the XML element as
   defined in Section 3.2.1 of [XMLSchema:Part2].

4.7.5.  Time Designation

   A time designation consists of a non-negative real number followed by
   a time unit identifier.

   The time unit identifiers are: "ms" (milliseconds) and "s" (seconds).

   Examples include: "3s", "850ms", "0.7s", ".5s" and "+1.5s".

4.7.6.  MIME Media Type

   A string formated as an IANA MIME media type ([MIME.mediatypes]).
   The ABNF ([RFC5234]) production for the string is:

   type-name "/" subtype-name *(";" parameter)

   parameter = parameter-name "=" value

   where "type-name" and "subtype-name" are defined in Section 4.2 of
   [RFC4288], "parameter-name" is defined in Section 4.3 of [RFC4288]
   and "value" is defined in Section 5.1 of [RFC2045].

4.7.7.  Language Identifier

   A language identifier labels information content as being of a
   particular human language variant.  Following the XML specification
   for language identification [XML], a legal language identifier is
   identified by a RFC5646 code ([RFC5646]) and matched according to
   RFC4647 ([RFC4647]).












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5.  Formal Syntax

   This section defines the XML schema for the Mixer Control Package.
   The schema is normative.

   The schema defines datatypes, attributes, and mixer elements in the
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer namespace.  In most elements the
   order of child elements is significant.  The schema is extensible:
   elements allow attributes and child elements from other namespaces.
   Elements from outside this package's namespace can occur after
   elements defined in this package.

   The schema is dependent upon the schema (framework.xsd) defined in
   Section 16.1 of the Control Framework
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework].

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <xsd:schema targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer"
    xmlns:fw="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:control:framework-attributes"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

    <xsd:annotation>
     <xsd:documentation>
      IETF MediaCtrl Mixer 1.0 (20110104)

      This is the schema of the Mixer control package. It
      defines request, response and notification elements for
      mixing.

      The schema namespace is urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer

     </xsd:documentation>
    </xsd:annotation>


    <!--
     #############################################################

     SCHEMA IMPORTS

     #############################################################
    -->


    <xsd:import



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     namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:control:framework-attributes"
     schemaLocation="framework.xsd">
     <xsd:annotation>
      <xsd:documentation>
       This import brings in the framework attributes for
       conferenceid and connectionid.
      </xsd:documentation>
     </xsd:annotation>
    </xsd:import>


    <!--
     #####################################################

     Extensible core type

     #####################################################
    -->


    <xsd:complexType name="Tcore">
     <xsd:annotation>
      <xsd:documentation>
       This type is extended by other (non-mixed) component types to
       allow attributes from other namespaces.
      </xsd:documentation>
     </xsd:annotation>
     <xsd:sequence/>
     <xsd:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax" />
    </xsd:complexType>


    <!--
     #####################################################

     TOP LEVEL ELEMENT: mscmixer

     #####################################################
    -->

    <xsd:complexType name="mscmixerType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:choice>
         <xsd:element ref="createconference" />
         <xsd:element ref="modifyconference" />
         <xsd:element ref="destroyconference" />



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         <xsd:element ref="join" />
         <xsd:element ref="unjoin" />
         <xsd:element ref="modifyjoin" />
         <xsd:element ref="response" />
         <xsd:element ref="event" />
         <xsd:element ref="audit" />
         <xsd:element ref="auditresponse" />
         <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
          maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
        </xsd:choice>
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="version" type="version.datatype"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="desclang" type="xsd:language"
        default="i-default" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="mscmixer" type="mscmixerType" />


    <!--
     #####################################################

     CONFERENCE MANAGEMENT TYPES

     #####################################################
    -->

    <!--  createconference -->

    <xsd:complexType name="createconferenceType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="codecs" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="audio-mixing" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="video-layouts" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="video-switch" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="subscribe" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other"
         processContents="lax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />



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       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string" />
       <xsd:attribute name="reserved-talkers"
        type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger" default="0" />
       <xsd:attribute name="reserved-listeners"
        type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger" default="0" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="createconference" type="createconferenceType" />

    <!--  modifyconference -->

    <xsd:complexType name="modifyconferenceType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="codecs" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="audio-mixing" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="video-layouts" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="video-switch" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="subscribe" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other"
         processContents="lax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="modifyconference" type="modifyconferenceType" />


    <!--  destroyconference -->

    <xsd:complexType name="destroyconferenceType">
    <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
      <xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>



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      <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string"
      use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
      </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="destroyconference"
     type="destroyconferenceType" />




    <!--
     #####################################################

     JOIN TYPES

     #####################################################
    -->

    <xsd:complexType name="joinType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="stream" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other"
         processContents="lax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="id1" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="id2" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="join" type="joinType" />

    <xsd:complexType name="modifyjoinType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="stream" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other"
         processContents="lax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </xsd:sequence>



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       <xsd:attribute name="id1" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="id2" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="modifyjoin" type="modifyjoinType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="unjoinType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="stream" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other"
         processContents="lax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="id1" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="id2" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="unjoin" type="unjoinType" />

    <!--
     #####################################################

     OTHER TYPES

     #####################################################
    -->

    <xsd:complexType name="eventType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:choice>
         <xsd:element ref="active-talkers-notify"
          minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
         <xsd:element ref="unjoin-notify"
          minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
         <xsd:element ref="conferenceexit"



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          minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
         <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
          maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
        </xsd:choice>
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="event" type="eventType" />

    <xsd:complexType name="activetalkersnotifyType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="active-talker" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="active-talkers-notify"
     type="activetalkersnotifyType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="activetalkerType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attributeGroup ref="fw:framework-attributes" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="active-talker" type="activetalkerType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="unjoinnotifyType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">



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       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="status" type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger"
         use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="reason" type="xsd:string" />
         <xsd:attribute name="desclang" type="xsd:language"/>
       <xsd:attribute name="id1" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="id2" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="unjoin-notify" type="unjoinnotifyType" />



    <!--  conferenceexit-->

    <xsd:complexType name="conferenceexitType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="status"
        type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger" use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="reason" type="xsd:string" />
         <xsd:attribute name="desclang" type="xsd:language"/>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="conferenceexit" type="conferenceexitType" />



    <xsd:complexType name="responseType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
      <xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"



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         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="status" type="status.datatype"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="reason" type="xsd:string" />
         <xsd:attribute name="desclang" type="xsd:language"/>
       <xsd:attributeGroup ref="fw:framework-attributes" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>


    <xsd:element name="response" type="responseType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="subscribeType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="active-talkers-sub"
         minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="subscribe" type="subscribeType" />

    <xsd:complexType name="activetalkerssubType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="interval"
        type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger" default="3" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="active-talkers-sub"
     type="activetalkerssubType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="streamType">



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     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="volume" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="clamp" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="region" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="priority" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="media" type="media.datatype"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="label" type="label.datatype" />
       <xsd:attribute name="direction"
        type="direction.datatype" default="sendrecv" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="stream" type="streamType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="volumeType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="controltype"
        type="volumecontroltype.datatype" use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="value" type="xsd:string" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="volume" type="volumeType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="clampType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"



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         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="tones" type="xsd:string"
        default="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 * # A B C D"/>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="clamp" type="clampType" />


    <!--  region  -->
    <xsd:simpleType name="regionType">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN" />
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:element name="region" type="regionType" />


    <!--  priority  -->
    <xsd:simpleType name="priorityType">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:positiveInteger" />
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:element name="priority" type="priorityType" />

    <xsd:complexType name="audiomixingType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="type" type="audiomix.datatype"
        default="nbest" />
       <xsd:attribute name="n" type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger"
        default="0" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="audio-mixing" type="audiomixingType" />

    <!-- video-switch -->

    <xsd:complexType name="videoswitchType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">



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       <xsd:sequence>
         <xsd:choice>
          <xsd:element name="vas" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="controller" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax" />
        </xsd:choice>
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="interval"
        type="xsd:nonNegativeInteger" default="3" />
       <xsd:attribute name="activespeakermix"
        type="xsd:boolean" default="false" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="video-switch" type="videoswitchType" />

    <!-- video-layouts -->

    <xsd:complexType name="videolayoutsType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="video-layout" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="video-layouts" type="videolayoutsType" />


    <!-- video-layout -->
    <xsd:complexType name="videolayoutType">
    <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:choice>
          <xsd:element name="single-view" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="dual-view" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="dual-view-crop" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="dual-view-2x1" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="dual-view-2x1-crop" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="quad-view" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="multiple-3x3" type="Tcore"/>



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          <xsd:element name="multiple-4x4" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:element name="multiple-5x1" type="Tcore"/>
          <xsd:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax" />
        </xsd:choice>
       </xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:attribute name="min-participants"
        type="xsd:positiveInteger" default="1" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="video-layout" type="videolayoutType" />

    <xsd:complexType name="auditType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
      <xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
       maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
      </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="capabilities"
        type="xsd:boolean" default="true" />
       <xsd:attribute name="mixers" type="xsd:boolean"
        default="true" />
       <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="audit" type="auditType" />


    <xsd:complexType name="auditresponseType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="capabilities" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="mixers" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="status" type="status.datatype"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="reason" type="xsd:string" />
         <xsd:attribute name="desclang" type="xsd:language"/>
      </xsd:extension>



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     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="auditresponse" type="auditresponseType" />

    <!-- mixers -->

    <xsd:complexType name="mixersType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="conferenceaudit" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:element ref="joinaudit" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="mixers" type="mixersType" />

    <!--  joinaudit -->

    <xsd:complexType name="joinauditType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other"
         processContents="lax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="id1" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
       <xsd:attribute name="id2" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="joinaudit" type="joinauditType" />

    <!-- conferenceaudit -->

    <xsd:complexType name="conferenceauditType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">



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       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="codecs" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="participants" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:element ref="video-layout" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="conferenceid" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="conferenceaudit" type="conferenceauditType" />


    <!-- participants -->

    <xsd:complexType name="participantsType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="participant" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="participants" type="participantsType" />

    <!-- participant -->

    <xsd:complexType name="participantType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
       <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>



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     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="participant" type="participantType" />

    <!-- capabilities -->

    <xsd:complexType name="capabilitiesType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="codecs" minOccurs="1"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="capabilities" type="capabilitiesType" />


    <!-- codecs -->

    <xsd:complexType name="codecsType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="codec" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="codecs" type="codecsType" />

    <!-- codec -->

    <xsd:complexType name="codecType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="subtype" minOccurs="1"
         maxOccurs="1" />



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        <xsd:element ref="params" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="1" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string"
        use="required" />
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="codec" type="codecType" />

    <!-- subtype -->

    <xsd:simpleType name="subtypeType">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string" />
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:element name="subtype" type="subtypeType" />


    <!-- params -->
    <xsd:complexType name="paramsType">
     <xsd:complexContent>
      <xsd:extension base="Tcore">
       <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="param" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" />
        <xsd:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax" />
       </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:extension>
     </xsd:complexContent>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="params" type="paramsType" />


    <!--  param -->
       <!--  doesn't extend tCore since its content model is mixed -->
    <xsd:complexType name="paramType" mixed="true">
     <xsd:sequence/>
     <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required" />
     <xsd:attribute name="type" type="mime.datatype"
     default="text/plain" />
        <xsd:attribute name="encoding" type="xsd:string"/>
    </xsd:complexType>



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    <xsd:element name="param" type="paramType" />


    <!--
     ####################################################

     DATATYPES

     ####################################################
    -->

   <xsd:simpleType name="version.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN">
      <xsd:enumeration value="1.0" />
     </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:simpleType name="eventname.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN">
      <xsd:pattern value="[a-zA-Z0-9\.]+" />
     </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:simpleType name="audiomix.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN">
      <xsd:enumeration value="nbest" />
      <xsd:enumeration value="controller" />
     </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:simpleType name="media.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string" />
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:simpleType name="label.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string" />
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:simpleType name="status.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:positiveInteger">
      <xsd:pattern value="[0-9][0-9][0-9]" />
     </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>

    <xsd:simpleType name="direction.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN">
      <xsd:enumeration value="sendonly" />
      <xsd:enumeration value="recvonly" />



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      <xsd:enumeration value="sendrecv" />
      <xsd:enumeration value="inactive" />
     </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>


    <xsd:simpleType name="mime.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string" />
    </xsd:simpleType>


    <xsd:simpleType name="volumecontroltype.datatype">
     <xsd:restriction base="xsd:NMTOKEN">
      <xsd:enumeration value="automatic" />
      <xsd:enumeration value="setgain" />
      <xsd:enumeration value="setstate" />
     </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>


   </xsd:schema>

                    Figure 10: Mixer Package XML Schema




























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6.  Examples

   This section provides examples of the Mixer Control package.

6.1.  AS-MS Framework Interaction Examples

   The following example assume a control channel has been established
   and synced as described in the Media Control Channel Framework
   ([I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).

   The XML messages are in angled brackets (with the root <mscmixer> and
   other details omitted for clarity); the REPORT status is in round
   brackets.  Other aspects of the protocol are omitted for readability.

6.1.1.  Creating a conference mixer and joining a participant

   A conference mixer is created successfully and a participant is
   joined.

             Application Server (AS)                   Media Server (MS)
                |                                             |
                |       (1) CONTROL: <createconference>       |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |
                |                                             |
                |       (2) 202                               |
                |  <---------------------------------------   |
                |                                             |
                |                                             |
                |       (3) REPORT: <response status="200"/>  |
                |                   (terminate)               |
                |  <----------------------------------------  |
                |                                             |
                |       (4) 200                               |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |
                |                                             |
                |       (5) CONTROL: <join id1=.. id2=..>     |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |
                |                                             |
                |       (6) 202                               |
                |  <---------------------------------------   |
                |                                             |
                |       (7) REPORT: <response status="200"/>  |
                |                   (terminate)               |
                |  <----------------------------------------  |
                |                                             |
                |       (8) 200                               |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |




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6.1.2.  Receiving active talker notifications

   An active talker notification event is sent by the MS.


             Application Server (AS)                   Media Server (MS)
                |                                             |
                |       (1) CONTROL: <event ...>              |
                |  <---------------------------------------   |
                |                                             |
                |       (4) 200                               |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |
                |                                             |

6.1.3.  Conference termination

   The MS receives a request to terminate the conference, resulting in
   conferenceexit and participant unjoined notifications.

             Application Server (AS)                   Media Server (MS)
                |                                             |
                |       (1) CONTROL: <destroyconference>      |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |
                |                                             |
                |       (2) 200: <response status="200"/>     |
                |  <---------------------------------------   |
                |                                             |
                |       (3) CONTROL: <event ..>               |
                |                   (unjoin-notify)           |
                |  <----------------------------------------  |
                |                                             |
                |       (4) 200                               |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |
                |                                             |
                |       (5) CONTROL:  <event ..>              |
                |                   (conferenceexit)          |
                |  <----------------------------------------  |
                |                                             |
                |       (6) 200                               |
                |  ---------------------------------------->  |


6.2.  Mixing Examples

   The following examples show how the mixing package can be used to
   create audio conferences, bridge connections and video conferences.

   The examples do not specify all messages between the AS and MS.



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6.2.1.  Audio conferencing

   The AS sends a request to create a conference mixer:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <createconference conferenceid="conf1"
     reserved-talkers="2" reserved-listeners="3">
     <audio-mixing type="nbest"/>
     <subscribe>
      <active-talkers-sub interval="5"/>
     </subscribe>
    </createconference>
   </mscmixer>

   The request specifies that the conference is assigned the conference
   id "conf1" and is configured with 2 reserved talkers, 3 reserved
   listener slots, audio mixing policy set to nbest and with active
   talkers notifications set to 5 seconds.

   If the MS is able to create this conference mixer, it sends 200
   response:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="200" reason="conference created"
              conferenceid="conf1"/>
   </mscmixer>

   The AS is now able to join connections to the conference as
   participants.  A participant able to contribute to the audio mix
   would be joined as follows:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conf1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendrecv"/>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   If the MS can join the participant 1536067209:913cd14c to the
   conference conf1 with audio in both directions, then it sends a
   successful response:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="200" reason="join successful"/>
   </mscmixer>

   The AS could also join listener-only participants to the conference
   by setting the stream direction to receive only:




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   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="9936067209:914cd14c" id2="conf1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="recvonly"/>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   If the MS can join the participant 9936067209:914cd14c to the
   conference conf1 then it would send a successful response (not
   shown).

   As the active talker changes, the MS sends an active talker
   notification to the AS:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <event>
     <active-talkers-notify conferenceid="conf1">
      <active-talker connectionid="1536067209:913cd14c"/>
     </active-talkers-notify>
    </event>
   </mscmixer>

   The AS could decide to change the status of a talker connection so
   that they can only listen:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <modifyjoin id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conf1">
     <stream media="audio" direction="recvonly"/>
    </modifyjoin>
   </mscmixer>

   Where the participant 1536067209:913cd14c is no longer able to
   contribute to the audio mix on the conference.  If the MS is able to
   execute this request, it would send a 200 response.

   The AS could decide to remove this participant from the conference:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <unjoin id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conf1"/>
   </mscmixer>

   Again, if the MS can execute this request, a 200 response would be
   sent.

   Finally, the AS terminates the conference:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <destroyconference conferenceid="conf1"/>
   </mscmixer>



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   If the MS is able to destroy the conference conf1, it sends a 200
   response:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="200" conferenceid="conf1"/>
   </mscmixer>

   For each participant attached to the conference when it is destroyed,
   the MS sends an unjoin notification event:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <event>
     <unjoin-notify status="2" id1="9936067209:914cd14c"
         id2="conf1"/>
    </event>
   </mscmixer>

   And the MS sends a conferenceexit notification event when the
   conference finally exits:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <event>
     <conferenceexit status="0" conferenceid="conf1"/>
    </event>
   </mscmixer>

6.2.2.  Bridging connections

   The mixer package can be used to join connections to one another.  In
   a call center scenario, for example, this package can be used to set
   up and modify connections between a caller, agent and supervisor.

   A caller is joined to an agent with bi-directional audio:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="caller:001" id2="agent:002">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendrecv"/>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   If the MS is able to establish this connection, then it would send a
   200 response:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <response status="200"/>
   </mscmixer>

   Now assume that the AS wants a supervisor to listen into the agent



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   conversation with the caller and provide whispered guidance to the
   agent.  First the AS would send a request to join the supervisor and
   the caller connections:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join  id1="supervisor:003" id2="caller:001">
     <stream media="audio" direction="recvonly"/>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   If this request was successful, audio output from the caller
   connection would now be sent to both the agent and the supervisor.

   Second, the AS would send a request to join the supervisor and the
   agent connections:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <join id1="supervisor:001" id2="agent:002">
     <stream media="audio" direction="sendrecv"/>
    </join>
   </mscmixer>

   If this request was successful, the audio mixing would occur on both
   the agent and supervisor connections: the agent would hear the caller
   and supervisor, and the supervisor would hear the agent and caller.
   The caller would only hear the agent.  If the MS is unable to join
   and mix connections in this way, it would send a 426 response.

6.2.3.  Video conferencing

   In this example, an audio video-conference is created with the
   loudest participant has the most prominent region in the video
   layout.

   The AS sends a request to create an audio-video conference:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <createconference conferenceid="conf2">
     <audio-mixing type="nbest"/>
     <video-layouts>
      <video-layout min-participants="1"><single-view/></video-layout>
      <video-layout min-participants="2"><dual-view/></video-layout>
      <video-layout min-participants="3"><quad-view/></video-layout>
      <video-layout min-participants="5"><multiple-5x1/></video-layout>
     </video-layouts>
     <video-switch><vas/></video-switch>
    </createconference>
   </mscmixer>



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   In this configuration, the conference uses a nbest audio mixing
   policy and a <vas/> video switch policy, so that the loudest speaker
   receives the most prominent region in the layout.  Multiple video
   layouts are specified and active one depends on the number of
   participants.

   Assume that 4 participants are already joined to the conference.  In
   that case, the video layout will be quad-view (Figure 6) with the
   most active speaker displayed in region 1.  When a fifth participant
   joins, the video layout automatically switches to a multiple-5x1
   layout (Figure 9), again with the most active speaker in region 1.

   The AS can manipulate which participants are displayed in the
   remaining regions.  For example, it could force an existing
   conference participant to be displayed in region 2:

   <mscmixer version="1.0" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer">
    <modifyjoin id1="1536067209:913cd14c" id2="conf2">
     <stream media="video">
      <region>2</region>
     </stream>
    </modifyjoin>
   </mscmixer>




























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7.  Security Considerations

   As this control package processes XML markup, implementations MUST
   address the security considerations of [RFC3023].

   As a Control Package of the Media Control Channel Framework,
   security, confidentiality and integrity of messages transported over
   the control channel MUST be addressed as described in Section 12 of
   the Media Control channel Framework
   ([I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]), including Transport
   Level Protection, Control Channel Policy Management and Session
   Establishment.  In addition, implementations MUST address security,
   confidentiality and integrity of User Agent sessions with the MS,
   both in terms of SIP signaling and associated RTP media flow; see
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework] for further details on
   this topic.

   Adequate transport protection and authentication are critical,
   especially when the implementation is deployed in open networks.  If
   the implementation fails to correctly address these issues, it risks
   exposure to malicious attacks, including (but not limited to):

   Denial of Service:  An attacker could insert a request message into
      the transport stream causing specific conferences or join mixers
      on the MS to be destroyed.  For example, <destroyconference
      conferenceid="XXXX">, where the value of "XXXX" could be guessed
      or discovered by auditing active mixers on the MS using an <audit>
      request.  Likewise, an attacker could impersonate the MS and
      insert error responses into the transport stream so denying the AS
      access to package capabilities.

   Resource Exhaustion:  An attacker could insert into the control
      channel new request messages (or modify existing ones) with, for
      instance, <createconference> elements causing large numbers of
      conference mixer resources to be allocated.  At some point this
      will exhaust the number of conference mixers that the MS is able
      to allocate.

   The Media Control Channel Framework permits additional policy
   management, including resource access and control channel usage, to
   be specified at the control package level beyond that specified for
   the Media Control Channel Framework (see Section 12.3 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).

   Since creation of conference and join mixers is associated with media
   mixing resources on the MS, the security policy for this control
   package needs to address how such mixers are securely managed across
   more than one control channel.  Such a security policy is only useful



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   for secure, confidential and integrity protected channels.  The
   identity of control channels is determined by the channel identifier:
   i.e. the value of the cfw-id attribute in the SDP and Dialog-ID
   header in the channel protocol (see
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).  Channels are the same
   if they have the same identifier; otherwise, they are different.
   This control package imposes the following additional security
   policies:

   Responses:  The MS MUST only send a response to a mixer management or
      audit request using the same control channel as the one used to
      send the request.

   Notifications:  The MS MUST only send notification events for
      conference and join mixers using the same control channel as it
      received the request creating the mixer.

   Auditing:  The MS MUST only provide audit information about
      conference and join mixers which have been created on the same
      control channel as the one upon the <audit> request is sent.  For
      example, if a join between two connections has been created on one
      channel, then a request on another channel to audit all mixers -
      <audit mixers="true"/> - would not report on this join mixer.

   Rejection:  The MS SHOULD reject requests to audit or manipulate an
      existing conference or join mixer on the MS if the channel is not
      the same as the one used when the mixer was created.  The MS
      rejects a request by sending a Control Framework 403 response (see
      Section 7.4 and Section 12.3 of
      [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).  For example, if a
      channel with identifier 'cfw1234' has been used to send a request
      to create a particular conference and the MS receives on channel
      'cfw98969' a request to audit or destroy this particular
      conference, then the MS sends a 403 framework response.

   There can be valid reasons why an implementation does not reject an
   audit or mixer manipulation request on a different channel from the
   one which created the mixer.  For example, a system administrator
   might require a separate channel to audit mixer resources created by
   system users and to terminate mixers consuming excessive system
   resources.  Alternatively, a system monitor or resource broker might
   require a separate channel to audit mixers managed by this package on
   a MS.  However, the full implications need to be understood by the
   implementation and carefully weighted before accepting these reasons
   as valid.  If the reasons are not valid in their particular
   circumstances, the MS rejects such requests.

   There can also be valid reasons for 'channel handover' including high



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   availability support or where one AS needs to take over management of
   mixers after the AS which created them has failed.  This could be
   achieved by the control channels using the same channel identifier,
   one after another.  For example, assume a channel is created with the
   identifier 'cfw1234' and the channel is used to create mixers on the
   MS.  This channel (and associated SIP dialog) then terminates due to
   a failure on the AS.  As permitted by the Control Framework, the
   channel identifier 'cfw1234' could then be reused so that another
   channel is created with the same identifier 'cfw1234', allowing it to
   'take over' management of the mixers on the MS.  Again, the
   implementation needs to understand the full implications and
   carefully weight them before accepting these reasons as valid.  If
   the reasons are not valid for their particular circumstances, the MS
   uses the appropriate SIP mechanisms to prevent session establishment
   when the same channel identifier is used in setting up another
   control channel (see Section 4 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]).


































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8.  IANA Considerations

   This specification instructs IANA to register a new Media Control
   Channel Framework Package, a new XML namespace, a new XML schema and
   a new MIME type.

8.1.  Control Package Registration

   This section registers a new Media Control Channel Framework package,
   per the instructions in Section 12.1 of
   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework].


      To: ietf-sip-control@iana.org
      Subject: Registration of new Channel Framework package
      Package Name: msc-mixer/1.0
        [NOTE TO IANA/RFC-EDITOR: Please replace XXXX
        with the RFC number for this specification.]
      Published Specification(s): RFCXXXX
      Person & email address to contact for further information:
      IETF, MEDIACTRL working group, (mediactrl@ietf.org),
      Scott McGlashan (smcg.stds01@mcglashan.org).

8.2.  URN Sub-Namespace Registration

   This section registers a new XML namespace,
   "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer", per the guidelines in RFC 3688
   [RFC3688].























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         URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer
         Registrant Contact: IETF, MEDIACTRL working group,
         (mediactrl@ietf.org), Scott McGlashan
         (smcg.stds01@mcglashan.org).
         XML:
            BEGIN
            <?xml version="1.0"?>
            <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
                "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
             <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
              <head>
               <title>Media Control Channel Framework Mixer
                      Package attributes</title>
              </head>
              <body>
               <h1>Namespace for Media Control Channel
                   Framework Mixer Package attributes</h1>
               <h2>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer</h2>
        [NOTE TO IANA/RFC-EDITOR: Please replace XXXX
        with the RFC number for this specification.]
                 <p>See RFCXXXX</p>
              </body>
             </html>
            END

8.3.  XML Schema Registration

   This section registers an XML schema as per the guidelines in RFC
   3688 [RFC3688].

      URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer
      Registrant Contact: IETF, MEDIACTRL working group,
         (mediactrl@ietf.org), Scott McGlashan
         (smcg.stds01@mcglashan.org).
      Schema:  The XML for this schema can be found in
         Section 5 of this document.

8.4.  MIME Media Type Registration for  'application/msc-mixer+xml'

   This section registers the "application/msc-mixer+xml" MIME type.











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   To:  ietf-types@iana.org
    Subject:  Registration of MIME media type
              application/msc-mixer+xml
    MIME media type name:  application
    MIME subtype name:  msc-mixer+xml
    Required parameters:  (none)
    Optional parameters:  charset
       Indicates the character encoding of enclosed XML.  Default is
       UTF-8.
    Encoding considerations:  Uses XML, which can employ 8-bit
       characters, depending on the character encoding used.  See RFC
       3023 [RFC3023], section 3.2.
    Security considerations:  No known security considerations outside
       of those provided by the Media Control Channel Framework Mixer
       Package.
    Interoperability considerations:  This content type provides
       constructs for the Media Control Channel Framework Mixer package.
    Published specification:  RFC XXXX [NOTE TO IANA/RFC-EDITOR: Please
       replace XXXX with the RFC number for this specification.]
    Applications which use this media type:  Implementations of
       the Media Control Channel Framework Mixer package.
    Additional Information:  Magic Number(s): (none)
       File extension(s): (none)
       Macintosh File Type Code(s): (none)
    Person & email address to contact for further information:  Scott
       McGlashan <smcg.stds01@mcglashan.org>
    Intended usage:  LIMITED USE
    Author/Change controller:  The IETF
    Other information:  None.






















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9.  Change Summary

   Note to RFC Editor: Please remove this whole section.

   The following are the changes between the -14 and -13 versions
   (addressing remaining IESG DISCUSS):

   o  4.7.7 Language Identifier: deleted statement "where the language
      code is required and a country code or other subtag identifier is
      optional" and clarified that RFC 4647 specifies the matching
      procedure.

   The following are the changes between the -13 and -12 versions
   (addressing remaining IESG DISCUSS):

   o  4.0, 4.1, etc: Added language tags to identify the language of
      descriptive text attributes.  A desclang attribute is added to the
      root element and has a default value of i-default.  Subordinate
      elements with descriptive text attributes also have this attribute
      defined - if it is not specified on the subordinate element, then
      the desclang value on the root element applies.  Added example of
      desclang in 4.1.

   o  5: Updated schema with desclang attributes

   o  Section 4.7.6: Corrected ABNF definition of IANA MIME media type
      to allow parameter values.

   The following are the changes between the -12 and -11 versions
   (primarily addressing IESG DISCUSS, comments and nits):

   o  Introduction: Clarified that Control Framework is an equivalent
      term for the Media Control Channel Framework.

   o  4.2.4.2, 4.2.4.3, 4.5: Replaced reference to standards-tracks RFC
      for assignment of new values, with reference to using Standards
      Action process defined in RFC 5226.

   o  4.0: Clarified that while some elements contain attributes whose
      value is descriptive text, this descriptive text is for diagnostic
      use only and does not require a language indicator such as a
      language tag.

   o  4.2.2.5.2: expanded DTMF acronym.

   o  4.2.1.4.2.1: Changed <video-layout> so that the layout is a child
      element rather than content value.  Changed examples to match.
      Updated XML schema.



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   o  4.2.1.4.3: Changed <video-switch> so that the policy is a child
      element rather than content value.  Changed examples to match.
      Updated XML schema.

   o  4.4.1: changed <codec> to include name attribute; aligned
      definition with RFC4288; updated XML schema.

   o  4.2.2.5: Clarified that the media attribute of <stream> is a MIME
      type-name with reference to RFC 4288.

   o  4.5.1: Added encoding attribute to <param> to allow for
      specification of content-transfer-encoding schema.  Updated XML
      schema.

   o  4.5.1: Simplified content model of <param> to be text only.
      Updated XML schema.

   o  4.6.6: Clarified MIME media type format with ABNF production
      referencing RFC 4288.

   o  4.2.2.5.3: clarified the definition of <region> as an area in a
      video layout

   o  5: Stated that the schema is normative.

   o  5: Corrected default value of tones attribute in schema to match
      definition in 4.2.2.5.2.

   o  4.6: Type definitions; added references to XML Schema datatypes
      where appropriate; changed definition of boolean to match W3C
      definition and updated boolean type in schema.

   o  Typos: in 4.2.1.4.2.1, added '/' to <video-layout>; in 4.2.1.4.3
      <video-switch>, replaced second <join> with <unjoin>; in 4.2.3,
      corrected code and status in <response> examples;

   o  Validated all examples against XML schema and corrected where
      necessary.

   The following are the changes between the -11 and -10 versions
   (addressing IETF Last Call comments):

   o  4.2.2.3: For <modifyjoin>, removed the statement "It MUST NOT
      change the configuration of any streams not included as child
      elements." since modifications in stream directionality can affect
      other streams of the same type.





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   o  4.2.2.5.2: Changed definition of tones attribute of <clamp>
      element so that if the element is specified, then all DTMF tones
      are clamped by default.  Updated XML schema.

   o  7: Corrected references from Section 11 to Section 12 in Control
      Framework.

   o  Fixed various typos.

   The following are the changes between the -10 and -09 versions:

   o  References: Moved the XCON reference to the Normative References
      section.

   o  4.2: Mixer Elements: clarified that when a requested mixer
      operation (partially) fails, the MS carries out no part of the
      operation and sends an error response.

   The following are the changes between the -09 and -08 versions
   following shepherd writeup:

   o  4.2.4.1.1: <active-talker>: Removed the statement that it is an
      error if an <active-talker> element has both connectionid and
      conferenceid attributes specified because the AS always sends a
      framework 200 in response to notification events, including active
      talker events.  Instead, clarified that no active talker is
      described if both attributes are specified or if neither attribute
      is specified.

   o  Various spelling and grammatical errors fixed.

   The following are the changes between the -08 and -07 versions.

   o  8.4: Changed file extension from '.xml' to (none)

   o  Changed "~" to a ":" for connectionid

   o  4.2.6.1: Clarified that <param> can contain an XML value.

   o  4.2.4.2: Changed <unjoin-notify> status codes so that only 0-2
      defined and all others are reserved for future use requiring a
      standard-track RFC.

   o  4.2.4.3: Changed <conferenceexit> status codes so that only 0-2
      defined and all others are reserved for future use requiring a
      standard-track RFC.





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   o  4.5: Changed status code for <response> and <auditresponse> so
      that certain codes are defined and all others are reserved for
      future use requiring a standard-track RFC.

   The following are the changes between the -07 and -06 versions.

   o  Generally corrected references from Section 17.1 to Section 16.1
      of Control Channel Framework.

   o  4.2.2.2: removed "is" in "unless this is leads to a stream
      conflict"

   o  4.2.2.3: corrected error code from 408 to 409 for "If the
      specified entities are not already joined, then the MS reports an
      error (408)."

   o  4.2.1.4.3: corrected error code from 409 to 424 for "If the MS
      does not support the specified video switching policy or ..., then
      MS reports a 409 error".

   o  4.2.1.4.2: corrected error code from 408 to 423 for "If the MS
      does not support video conferencing at all, or ...., the MS
      reports an 408 error ..."

   o  4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.2, 4.2.2.2, 4.2.2.3: Clarified that <codecs>
      specified in <createconference> or <modifyconference> impose a
      limitation in the media capability of a conference and this
      limitation affects whether the conference can be <join> or
      <modifyjoin>ed to another entity.

   The following are the changes between the -06 and -05 versions.

   o  4.4.1: <codec>: corrected typos, added an example of <params>
      usage, added a <subtype> section and moved the <params> section
      inside this section.

   o  8: IANA Considerations: Updated IANA registration information and
      added registration for the XML Schema

   The following are the changes between the -05 and -04 versions.

   o  Schema: Fixed problem with non-deterministic content models.

   o  7.  Security Considerations: Added requirement that
      implementations need to secure SIP and RTP sessions with User
      Agents.

   The following are the changes between the -04 and -03 versions.



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   o  4.2.1.4.3: corrected typo

   o  4.2.2.3: Clarified the behavior of <modifyjoin> for cases where
      each direction of a stream is independently controlled.

   o  4.2.2.5: Corrected syntax error in examples.

   o  4.2.2.5.1: Clarified that when an audio stream is in the muted
      state, then a <volume> automatic or setgain control causes the
      state to change automatically to unmuted.

   o  7 Security: Clarified that both conference and join mixers are
      covered by the package security policies.

   o  7 Security: Added a denial of service example where the attacker
      impersonates the MS.

   o  7 Security: Clarified that the package security policy for
      multiple channels is only useful if the channels themselves are
      secured.

   o  Updated acknowledgements.

   The following are the major changes between the -03 and -02 versions.

   o  Corrected various typos and nits.

   o  Conformance language: Removed unnecessary MUSTs, especially for
      error codes.  Changed most RECOMMENDEDs to MUST or MAY.  Removed
      lowercase 'should', 'must' and 'may'.

   o  Tidied up Abstract

   o  Removed old Introduction section (it just duplicated the
      abstract).  Replaced it with the old Overview Section.  Section
      numbering changed!

   o  Introduction: Clarified which MediaCtrl Requirements are satisfied
      by this package.

   o  4.2.1.1: <createconference>: Clarified that an attempt to create a
      conference with an identifier already used by an existing
      conference does not affect the existing conference (405 error
      response).

   o  4.2.1.4.1: <audio-mixing>: Added a 'n' attribute for the number of
      participants to be included in nbest audio mixing.




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   o  4.2.1.4.3: <video-switch>: Clarified that the active speaker in
      video switching is the loudest speaker.

   o  4.2.1.4.4: <subscribe>: Clarified that if a subscription specified
      in a foreign namespace element or attribute is not supported by
      the MS, then the MS generates a 428 error response.  Changed
      conformance support for <active-talkers-sub> from SHOULD to MUST.
      Removed 422 error response.

   o  4.2.2: Joining Elements: Added text to the empty section.

   o  4.2.2.2, 4.2.2.3, 4.2.2.4: <join>, <modifyjoin> and <unjoin>:
      Clarified that join operation failures do not affect existing
      stream properties of the entities (407 and new 422 error
      response).  Clarified stream failure errors in <modifyjoin> and
      <unjoin>.

   o  4.2.2.2: <join>.  Clarified that <stream> elements can be used to
      independently control properties of the media flow in different
      directions.  Added a response code (422) for when the MS does not
      support a media stream configuation.

   o  4.2.2.2: <join>.  Clarified that error responses are generated if
      id1 or id2 reference a conference or connection which does not
      exist.  Added an error status code (412) for non-existant
      connections.

   o  4.2.2.5: <stream>: Changed the definition so that in each child
      element, the media stream affected is indicated by the value of
      the direction attribute of the parent element.  Added examples of
      controlling the media flow properties.

   o  4.2.4.2: <unjoin-notify>.  Added reserved range of status codes.
      Changed code from 1 to 0 for the unjoin case.  Changed code from 3
      to 1 for execution error.

   o  4.2.4.3: <conferenceexit>.  Added reserved range of status codes.
      Changed code from 1 to 0 for the destroyconference case (align
      with IVR).  Added a code for conference exiting due to exceeding
      its maximum duration.

   o  Schema: Adding missing version attribute on <mscmixer>.

   o  Security Considerations: Major update.  Added examples showing
      malicious attacks when channel security is not correctly
      addressed.  Added more details on multiple channel cases including
      administrator and monitor channels as well as channel handover.




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   o  Removed affliations in Contributors section.

   The following are the major changes between the -02 and -01 versions.

   o  Section 4: Aligned Control Package definitions with requirements
      in Section 8 of the Control Framework.

   o  Following October Interim meeting discussion on response codes,
      generally clarified usage of error status codes, modified some
      codes and re-organized the response codes section (Section 4.6)
      with more guidance and details.

   o  MIXER-006.  No action required following October 2008 interim
      discussion.

   o  MIXER-008.  No action required following October 2008 interim
      discussion.

   o  MIXER-009.  No action required for control package - addressed in
      -05 framework draft following interim October 2008 discussion.

   o  MIXER-010/5.2.2.5: Clarified that in the <stream> element, an
      "inactive" direction value indicates the stream is established but
      there is no media flow.  Such a stream can be manipulated by
      <modifyjoin> and <unjoin>.

   o  5.2.2.5: <stream>: Clarified that the media stream specified in
      child elements <volume>, <clamp>, <region> and <priority> is the
      stream originating from the entity identified as id1.

   o  5.2.1.4.3: <video-switch>: Clarified that it is not an error if a
      <stream> specifies a region which is not defined for the currently
      active video layout.

   o  5.2.1.4.2.1: <video-layout>: Added descriptions and ASCII art for
      layout and regions of XCON video layouts.

   o  Added examples of audio conferencing, connection bridging and
      video conferencing.

   The following are the major changes between the -01 and -00 versions.

   o  [MIXER-001]/5.2.4.3: Added <conferenceexit> notification event.

   o  [MIXER-003]/5.2.1.4.2.1: Added ASCII diagrams for video layouts.

   o  [MIXER-004]/5.3.2.2.1: Added active <video-layout> information to
      <conferenceaudit>.



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   o  [MIXER-007]/5.4.1: Added <params> inside <codec> so additional
      codec information can be specified.

   o  5.2.1.1: Fixed <createconference> example with missing min-
      participants attributes.

   o  5: Changed handling of unsupported foreign namespace elements and
      attributes.  The MS send a 427 error response if it encounters
      foreign elements and attributes it does not support.

   o  5.2.1.4.3: <video-switch>.  Clarified that the VAS policy is
      implementation-specific if a participant provides more than one
      audio stream.

   o  5.2.2.2/5.2.2.3/5.2.2.4: Clarified that joining behavior so that
      streams which have previously been <modifiedjoin>ed or <unjoin>ed
      are not affected by a general <unjoin>.

   o  5.2.1.4.3: <video-switch>: Added support for whether active
      speaker is displayed on their video layout ('activespeakermix'
      attribute) and clarified that personal video mixes are out of
      scope for this package.

   o  5.2.1.4.3/5.2.2.5.4: <video-switch>: Added support for a priority
      mechanism in video switching policy and a <priority child element
      on <stream>.

   o  8:Updated security section

   o  13:Updated references

   o  5.2.1.4.4.1: Added default of 3 seconds for <active-talkers-sub>
      interval.

   o  5.2.2.5.1: <volume> controltype attribute set to mandatory.

   o  Updated schema

   The following are the major changes between the -00 of this work
   group item draft and the individual submission -04 version.

   o  Control package name is now 'msc-mixer/1.0'.  Namespace is now
      'urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:msc-mixer'.  Mime type is now
      'application/msc-mixer+xml'.

   o  Added XML root element <mscmixer>.





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   o  Editorial tidy up of sections.

   o  Added audit request/response elements.

   o  Added video layout and switching conference configuration.

   o  <audio-mixing>: changed 'mix-type' attribute to 'type'
      (consistency with video-switch)

   o  Added "inactive" as value of <stream>'s direction attribute.

   o  Added <region> child to <stream> element.

   o  <createconference>: <audio-mixing> element is no longer mandatory;
      added <video-layouts> and <video-switch> child elements. reserved-
      talkers and reserved-listeners as attributes.

   o  replaced conf-id attribute with conferenceid attribute.

   o  Removed <data> element.  Active talkers subscription and
      notifications used dedicated elements now.

   o  Added <unjoin-notify> notification event to indicate when
      (un)expected joins occur.  Use case: connection or conference
      joined to a conference and conference exits (either by request or
      runtime error.

   The following are the major changes between the -04 of the draft and
   the -03 version.

   o  Updated reference for Media Control Channel Framework

   The following are the major changes between the -03 of the draft and
   the -02 version.

   o  None

   The following are the major changes between the -02 of the draft and
   the -01 version.

   o  clarified the model for join operations and introduced several new
      package error codes

   o  added definition for MS connection

   The following are the major changes between the -01 of the draft and
   the -00 version.




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   o  restructured into single request response model for non-trivial
      operations

   o  aligned with XML structure of other control framework packages















































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10.  Contributors

   Asher Shiratzky provided valuable support and contributions to early
   versions of this document.

   The authors would like to thank the Mixer design team consisting of
   Roni Even, Lorenzo Miniero, Adnan Saleem, Diego Besprosvan and Mary
   Barnes who provided valuable feedback, input, diagrams and text to
   this document.










































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11.  Acknowledgments

   The authors would like to thank Roni Even, Lorenzo Miniero, Steve
   Buko and Stephane Bastien for expert reviews of this work.

   Shawn Emery carried out a thorough security review.













































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12.  References

12.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework]
              Boulton, C., Melanchuk, T., and S. McGlashan, "Media
              Control Channel Framework",
              draft-ietf-mediactrl-sip-control-framework-12 (work in
              progress), September 2010.

   [I-D.ietf-xcon-common-data-model]
              Novo, O., Camarillo, G., Morgan, D., and J. Urpalainen,
              "Conference Information Data Model for Centralized
              Conferencing (XCON)", draft-ietf-xcon-common-data-model-22
              (work in progress), December 2010.

   [RFC2045]  Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
              Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message
              Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC3023]  Murata, M., St. Laurent, S., and D. Kohn, "XML Media
              Types", RFC 3023, January 2001.

   [RFC3688]  Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
              January 2004.

   [RFC4288]  Freed, N. and J. Klensin, "Media Type Specifications and
              Registration Procedures", BCP 13, RFC 4288, December 2005.

   [RFC4574]  Levin, O. and G. Camarillo, "The Session Description
              Protocol (SDP) Label Attribute", RFC 4574, August 2006.

   [RFC4647]  Phillips, A. and M. Davis, "Matching of Language Tags",
              BCP 47, RFC 4647, September 2006.

   [RFC5226]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
              May 2008.

   [RFC5234]  Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
              Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008.

   [RFC5646]  Phillips, A. and M. Davis, "Tags for Identifying
              Languages", BCP 47, RFC 5646, September 2009.




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   [XML]      Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C M., Maler, E.,
              and F. Yergeau, "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0
              (Third Edition)", W3C Recommendation, February 2004.

   [XMLSchema:Part2]
              Biron, P. and A. Malhotra, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes
              Second Edition", W3C Recommendation, October 2004.

12.2.  Informative References

   [IANA]     "IANA registry for RTP Payload Types",
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters>.

   [MIME.mediatypes]
              "IANA registry for MIME Media Types",
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/>.

   [RFC2277]  Alvestrand, H., "IETF Policy on Character Sets and
              Languages", BCP 18, RFC 2277, January 1998.

   [RFC3261]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
              A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
              Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
              June 2002.

   [RFC3550]  Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., and V.
              Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
              Applications", STD 64, RFC 3550, July 2003.

   [RFC5022]  Van Dyke, J., Burger, E., and A. Spitzer, "Media Server
              Control Markup Language (MSCML) and Protocol", RFC 5022,
              September 2007.

   [RFC5167]  Dolly, M. and R. Even, "Media Server Control Protocol
              Requirements", RFC 5167, March 2008.

   [RFC5707]  Saleem, A., Xin, Y., and G. Sharratt, "Media Server Markup
              Language (MSML)", RFC 5707, February 2010.













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Authors' Addresses

   Scott McGlashan
   Hewlett-Packard

   Email: smcg.stds01@mcglashan.org


   Tim Melanchuk
   Rain Willow Communications

   Email: tim.melanchuk@gmail.com


   Chris Boulton
   NS-Technologies

   Email: chris@ns-technologies.com

































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