/*******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2000, 2015 IBM Corporation and others.
 *
 * This program and the accompanying materials
 * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License 2.0
 * which accompanies this distribution, and is available at
 * https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0/
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0
 *
 * Contributors:
 *     IBM Corporation - initial API and implementation
 *     James Blackburn (Broadcom Corp.) - ongoing development
 *     Lars Vogel <Lars.Vogel@vogella.com> - Bug 473427
 *******************************************************************************/
package org.eclipse.core.internal.resources;

import java.util.*;
import org.eclipse.core.internal.events.ILifecycleListener;
import org.eclipse.core.internal.events.LifecycleEvent;
import org.eclipse.core.internal.utils.Messages;
import org.eclipse.core.internal.utils.Policy;
import org.eclipse.core.resources.*;
import org.eclipse.core.runtime.*;
import org.eclipse.osgi.util.NLS;

/**
 * Maintains collection of known nature descriptors, and implements
 * nature-related algorithms provided by the workspace.
 */
public class NatureManager implements ILifecycleListener, IManager {
	//maps String (nature ID) -> descriptor objects
	private Map<String, IProjectNatureDescriptor> descriptors;

	//maps IProject -> String[] of enabled natures for that project
	private final Map<Project, String[]> natureEnablements = new HashMap<>(20);

	//maps String (builder ID) -> String (nature ID)
	private Map<String, String> buildersToNatures;
	//colour constants used in cycle detection algorithm
	private static final byte WHITE = 0;
	private static final byte GREY = 1;
	private static final byte BLACK = 2;

	private final Workspace workspace;

	protected NatureManager(Workspace workspace) {
		super();
		this.workspace = workspace;
	}

	/**
	 * Computes the list of natures that are enabled for the given project.
	 * Enablement computation is subtly different from nature set
	 * validation, because it must find and remove all inconsistencies.
	 */
	protected String[] computeNatureEnablements(Project project) {
		final ProjectDescription description = project.internalGetDescription();
		if (description == null)
			return new String[0];//project deleted concurrently
		String[] natureIds = description.getNatureIds();
		int count = natureIds.length;
		if (count == 0)
			return natureIds;

		//set of the nature ids being validated (String (id))
		HashSet<String> candidates = new HashSet<>(count * 2);
		//table of String(set ID) -> ArrayList (nature IDs that belong to that set)
		HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> setsToNatures = new HashMap<>(count);
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			String id = natureIds[i];
			ProjectNatureDescriptor desc = (ProjectNatureDescriptor) getNatureDescriptor(id);
			if (desc == null)
				continue;
			if (!desc.hasCycle)
				candidates.add(id);
			//build set to nature map
			String[] setIds = desc.getNatureSetIds();
			for (String set : setIds) {
				ArrayList<String> current = setsToNatures.get(set);
				if (current == null) {
					current = new ArrayList<>(5);
					setsToNatures.put(set, current);
				}
				current.add(id);
			}
		}
		//now remove all natures that belong to sets with more than one member
		for (ArrayList<String> setMembers : setsToNatures.values()) {
			if (setMembers.size() > 1) {
				candidates.removeAll(setMembers);
			}
		}
		//now walk over the set and ensure all pre-requisite natures are present
		//need to walk in prereq order because if A requires B and B requires C, and C is
		//disabled for some other reason, we must ensure both A and B are disabled
		String[] orderedCandidates = candidates.toArray(new String[candidates.size()]);
		orderedCandidates = sortNatureSet(orderedCandidates);
		for (String id : orderedCandidates) {
			IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = getNatureDescriptor(id);
			String[] required = desc.getRequiredNatureIds();
			for (String t : required) {
				if (!candidates.contains(t)) {
					candidates.remove(id);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		//remaining candidates are enabled
		return candidates.toArray(new String[candidates.size()]);
	}

	/* (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see IWorkspace#getNatureDescriptor(String)
	 */
	public synchronized IProjectNatureDescriptor getNatureDescriptor(String natureId) {
		lazyInitialize();
		return descriptors.get(natureId);
	}

	/* (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see IWorkspace#getNatureDescriptors()
	 */
	public synchronized IProjectNatureDescriptor[] getNatureDescriptors() {
		lazyInitialize();
		Collection<IProjectNatureDescriptor> values = descriptors.values();
		return values.toArray(new IProjectNatureDescriptor[values.size()]);
	}

	@Override
	public void handleEvent(LifecycleEvent event) {
		switch (event.kind) {
			case LifecycleEvent.POST_PROJECT_CHANGE :
			case LifecycleEvent.PRE_PROJECT_CLOSE :
			case LifecycleEvent.PRE_PROJECT_DELETE :
			case LifecycleEvent.PRE_PROJECT_MOVE :
			case LifecycleEvent.PRE_PROJECT_OPEN :
				flushEnablements((IProject) event.resource);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Configures the nature with the given ID for the given project.
	 */
	protected void configureNature(final Project project, final String natureID, final MultiStatus errors) {
		ISafeRunnable code = new ISafeRunnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() throws Exception {
				IProjectNature nature = createNature(project, natureID);
				nature.configure();
				ProjectInfo info = (ProjectInfo) project.getResourceInfo(false, true);
				info.setNature(natureID, nature);
			}

			@Override
			public void handleException(Throwable exception) {
				if (exception instanceof CoreException)
					errors.add(((CoreException) exception).getStatus());
				else
					errors.add(new ResourceStatus(IResourceStatus.INTERNAL_ERROR, project.getFullPath(), NLS.bind(Messages.resources_errorNature, natureID), exception));
			}
		};
		if (Policy.DEBUG_NATURES) {
			Policy.debug("Configuring nature: " + natureID + " on project: " + project.getName()); //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
		}
		SafeRunner.run(code);
	}

	/**
	 * Configures the natures for the given project.  Natures found in the new description
	 * that weren't present in the old description are added, and natures missing from the
	 * new description are removed.  Updates the old description so that it reflects
	 * the new set of the natures.  Errors are added to the given multi-status.
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked"})
	public void configureNatures(Project project, ProjectDescription oldDescription, ProjectDescription newDescription, MultiStatus status) {
		// Be careful not to rely on much state because (de)configuring a nature
		// may well result in recursive calls to this method.
		HashSet<String> oldNatures = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(oldDescription.getNatureIds(false)));
		HashSet<String> newNatures = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(newDescription.getNatureIds(false)));
		if (oldNatures.equals(newNatures))
			return;
		HashSet<String> deletions = (HashSet<String>) oldNatures.clone();
		HashSet<String> additions = (HashSet<String>) newNatures.clone();
		additions.removeAll(oldNatures);
		deletions.removeAll(newNatures);
		//do validation of the changes.  If any single change is invalid, fail the whole operation
		IStatus result = validateAdditions(newNatures, additions, project);
		if (!result.isOK()) {
			status.merge(result);
			return;
		}
		result = validateRemovals(newNatures, deletions);
		if (!result.isOK()) {
			status.merge(result);
			return;
		}
		// set the list of nature ids BEFORE (de)configuration so recursive calls will
		// not try to do the same work.
		oldDescription.setNatureIds(newDescription.getNatureIds(true));
		flushEnablements(project);
		//(de)configure in topological order to maintain consistency of configured set
		String[] ordered = null;
		if (deletions.size() > 0) {
			ordered = sortNatureSet(deletions.toArray(new String[deletions.size()]));
			for (int i = ordered.length; --i >= 0;)
				deconfigureNature(project, ordered[i], status);
		}
		if (additions.size() > 0) {
			ordered = sortNatureSet(additions.toArray(new String[additions.size()]));
			for (String element : ordered)
				configureNature(project, element, status);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Finds the nature extension, and initializes and returns an instance.
	 */
	protected IProjectNature createNature(Project project, String natureID) throws CoreException {
		IExtension extension = Platform.getExtensionRegistry().getExtension(ResourcesPlugin.PI_RESOURCES, ResourcesPlugin.PT_NATURES, natureID);
		if (extension == null) {
			String message = NLS.bind(Messages.resources_natureExtension, natureID);
			throw new ResourceException(Platform.PLUGIN_ERROR, project.getFullPath(), message, null);
		}
		IConfigurationElement[] configs = extension.getConfigurationElements();
		if (configs.length < 1) {
			String message = NLS.bind(Messages.resources_natureClass, natureID);
			throw new ResourceException(Platform.PLUGIN_ERROR, project.getFullPath(), message, null);
		}
		//find the runtime configuration element
		IConfigurationElement config = null;
		for (int i = 0; config == null && i < configs.length; i++)
			if ("runtime".equalsIgnoreCase(configs[i].getName())) //$NON-NLS-1$
				config = configs[i];
		if (config == null) {
			String message = NLS.bind(Messages.resources_natureFormat, natureID);
			throw new ResourceException(Platform.PLUGIN_ERROR, project.getFullPath(), message, null);
		}
		try {
			IProjectNature nature = (IProjectNature) config.createExecutableExtension("run"); //$NON-NLS-1$
			nature.setProject(project);
			return nature;
		} catch (ClassCastException e) {
			String message = NLS.bind(Messages.resources_natureImplement, natureID);
			throw new ResourceException(Platform.PLUGIN_ERROR, project.getFullPath(), message, e);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Deconfigures the nature with the given ID for the given project.
	 */
	protected void deconfigureNature(final Project project, final String natureID, final MultiStatus status) {
		final ProjectInfo info = (ProjectInfo) project.getResourceInfo(false, true);
		IProjectNature existingNature = info.getNature(natureID);
		if (existingNature == null) {
			// if there isn't a nature then create one so we can deconfig it.
			try {
				existingNature = createNature(project, natureID);
			} catch (CoreException e) {
				// Ignore - we are removing a nature that no longer exists in the install
				return;
			}
		}
		final IProjectNature nature = existingNature;
		ISafeRunnable code = new ISafeRunnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() throws Exception {
				nature.deconfigure();
				info.setNature(natureID, null);
			}

			@Override
			public void handleException(Throwable exception) {
				if (exception instanceof CoreException)
					status.add(((CoreException) exception).getStatus());
				else
					status.add(new ResourceStatus(IResourceStatus.INTERNAL_ERROR, project.getFullPath(), NLS.bind(Messages.resources_natureDeconfig, natureID), exception));
			}
		};
		if (Policy.DEBUG_NATURES) {
			Policy.debug("Deconfiguring nature: " + natureID + " on project: " + project.getName()); //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
		}
		SafeRunner.run(code);
	}

	/**
	 * Marks all nature descriptors that are involved in cycles
	 */
	private void detectCycles() {
		Collection<IProjectNatureDescriptor> values = descriptors.values();
		ProjectNatureDescriptor[] natures = values.toArray(new ProjectNatureDescriptor[values.size()]);
		for (ProjectNatureDescriptor nature : natures)
			if (nature.colour == WHITE)
				hasCycles(nature);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a status indicating failure to configure natures.
	 */
	protected IStatus failure(String reason) {
		return new ResourceStatus(IResourceStatus.INVALID_NATURE_SET, reason);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the ID of the project nature that claims ownership of the
	 * builder with the given ID.  Returns null if no nature owns that builder.
	 */
	public synchronized String findNatureForBuilder(String builderID) {
		if (buildersToNatures == null) {
			buildersToNatures = new HashMap<>(10);
			IProjectNatureDescriptor[] descs = getNatureDescriptors();
			for (IProjectNatureDescriptor desc : descs) {
				String natureId = desc.getNatureId();
				String[] builders = ((ProjectNatureDescriptor) desc).getBuilderIds();
				for (String builder : builders) {
					//FIXME: how to handle multiple natures specifying same builder
					buildersToNatures.put(builder, natureId);
				}
			}
		}
		return buildersToNatures.get(builderID);
	}

	private synchronized void flushEnablements(IProject project) {
		natureEnablements.remove(project);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the cached array of enabled natures for this project,
	 * or null if there is nothing in the cache.
	 */
	protected synchronized String[] getEnabledNatures(Project project) {
		String[] enabled = natureEnablements.get(project);
		if (enabled != null)
			return enabled;
		enabled = computeNatureEnablements(project);
		natureEnablements.put(project, enabled);
		return enabled;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns true if there are cycles in the graph of nature
	 * dependencies starting at root i.  Returns false otherwise.
	 * Marks all descriptors that are involved in the cycle as invalid.
	 */
	protected boolean hasCycles(ProjectNatureDescriptor desc) {
		if (desc.colour == BLACK) {
			//this subgraph has already been traversed, so we know the answer
			return desc.hasCycle;
		}
		//if we are already grey, then we have found a cycle
		if (desc.colour == GREY) {
			desc.hasCycle = true;
			desc.colour = BLACK;
			return true;
		}
		//colour current descriptor GREY to indicate it is being visited
		desc.colour = GREY;

		//visit all dependents of nature i
		String[] required = desc.getRequiredNatureIds();
		for (String element : required) {
			ProjectNatureDescriptor dependency = (ProjectNatureDescriptor) getNatureDescriptor(element);
			//missing dependencies cannot create cycles
			if (dependency != null && hasCycles(dependency)) {
				desc.hasCycle = true;
				desc.colour = BLACK;
				return true;
			}
		}
		desc.hasCycle = false;
		desc.colour = BLACK;
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns true if the given project has linked resources, and false otherwise.
	 */
	protected boolean hasLinks(IProject project) {
		try {
			IResource[] children = project.members();
			for (IResource element : children)
				if (element.isLinked())
					return true;
		} catch (CoreException e) {
			//not possible for project to be inaccessible
			Policy.log(e.getStatus());
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the two natures have overlapping "one-of-nature" set
	 * memberships.  Returns the name of one such overlap, or null if
	 * there is no set overlap.
	 */
	protected String hasSetOverlap(IProjectNatureDescriptor one, IProjectNatureDescriptor two) {
		if (one == null || two == null) {
			return null;
		}
		//efficiency not so important because these sets are very small
		String[] setsOne = one.getNatureSetIds();
		String[] setsTwo = two.getNatureSetIds();
		for (String element : setsOne) {
			for (String element2 : setsTwo) {
				if (element.equals(element2)) {
					return element;
				}
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Perform depth-first insertion of the given nature ID into the result list.
	 */
	protected void insert(ArrayList<String> list, Set<String> seen, String id) {
		if (seen.contains(id))
			return;
		seen.add(id);
		//insert prerequisite natures
		IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = getNatureDescriptor(id);
		if (desc != null) {
			String[] prereqs = desc.getRequiredNatureIds();
			for (String prereq : prereqs)
				insert(list, seen, prereq);
		}
		list.add(id);
	}

	/* (non-Javadoc)
	 * Returns true if the given nature is enabled for the given project.
	 *
	 * @see IProject#isNatureEnabled(String)
	 */
	public boolean isNatureEnabled(Project project, String id) {
		String[] enabled = getEnabledNatures(project);
		for (String element : enabled) {
			if (element.equals(id))
				return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Only initialize the descriptor cache when we know it is actually needed.
	 * Running programs may never need to refer to this cache.
	 */
	private void lazyInitialize() {
		if (descriptors != null)
			return;
		IExtensionPoint point = Platform.getExtensionRegistry().getExtensionPoint(ResourcesPlugin.PI_RESOURCES, ResourcesPlugin.PT_NATURES);
		IExtension[] extensions = point.getExtensions();
		descriptors = new HashMap<>(extensions.length * 2 + 1);
		for (IExtension extension : extensions) {
			IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = null;
			try {
				desc = new ProjectNatureDescriptor(extension);
			} catch (CoreException e) {
				Policy.log(e.getStatus());
			}
			if (desc != null)
				descriptors.put(desc.getNatureId(), desc);
		}
		//do cycle detection now so it only has to be done once
		//cycle detection on a graph subset is a pain
		detectCycles();
	}

	@Override
	public void shutdown(IProgressMonitor monitor) {
		// do nothing
	}

	/* (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see IWorkspace#sortNatureSet(String[])
	 */
	public String[] sortNatureSet(String[] natureIds) {
		int count = natureIds.length;
		if (count == 0)
			return natureIds;
		ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<>(count);
		HashSet<String> seen = new HashSet<>(count);//for cycle and duplicate detection
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
			insert(result, seen, natureIds[i]);
		//remove added prerequisites that didn't exist in original list
		seen.clear();
		seen.addAll(Arrays.asList(natureIds));
		for (Iterator<String> it = result.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
			Object id = it.next();
			if (!seen.contains(id))
				it.remove();
		}
		return result.toArray(new String[result.size()]);
	}

	@Override
	public void startup(IProgressMonitor monitor) {
		workspace.addLifecycleListener(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Validates the given nature additions in the nature set for this
	 * project.  Tolerates existing inconsistencies in the nature set.
	 * @param newNatures the complete new set of nature IDs for the project,
	 * 	including additions
	 * @param additions the subset of newNatures that represents natures
	 * 	being added
	 * @return An OK status if all additions are valid, and an error status
	 * 	if any of the additions introduce new inconsistencies.
	 */
	protected IStatus validateAdditions(HashSet<String> newNatures, HashSet<String> additions, IProject project) {
		Boolean hasLinks = null;//three states: true, false, null (not yet computed)
		//perform checks in order from least expensive to most expensive
		for (String id : additions) {
			// check for adding a nature that is not available.
			IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = getNatureDescriptor(id);
			if (desc == null) {
				return failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_missingNature, id));
			}
			// check for adding a nature that creates a circular dependency
			if (((ProjectNatureDescriptor) desc).hasCycle) {
				return failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_hasCycle, id));
			}
			// check for adding a nature that has a missing prerequisite.
			String[] required = desc.getRequiredNatureIds();
			for (String r : required) {
				if (!newNatures.contains(r)) {
					return failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_missingPrerequisite, id, r));
				}
			}
			// check for adding a nature that creates a duplicated set member.
			for (String current : newNatures) {
				if (!current.equals(id)) {
					String overlap = hasSetOverlap(desc, getNatureDescriptor(current));
					if (overlap != null) {
						return failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_multipleSetMembers, overlap));
					}
				}
			}
			//check for adding a nature that has linked resource veto
			if (!desc.isLinkingAllowed()) {
				if (hasLinks == null) {
					hasLinks = hasLinks(project) ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE;
				}
				if (hasLinks.booleanValue())
					return failure(NLS.bind(Messages.links_vetoNature, project.getName(), id));
			}
		}
		return Status.OK_STATUS;
	}

	/**
	 * Validates whether a project with the given set of natures should allow
	 * linked resources.  Returns an OK status if linking is allowed,
	 * otherwise a non-OK status indicating why linking is not allowed.
	 * Linking is allowed if there is no project nature that explicitly disallows it.
	 * No validation is done on the nature ids themselves (ids that don't have
	 * a corresponding nature definition will be ignored).
	 */
	public IStatus validateLinkCreation(String[] natureIds) {
		for (String natureId : natureIds) {
			IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = getNatureDescriptor(natureId);
			if (desc != null && !desc.isLinkingAllowed()) {
				String msg = NLS.bind(Messages.links_natureVeto, desc.getLabel());
				return new ResourceStatus(IResourceStatus.LINKING_NOT_ALLOWED, msg);
			}
		}
		return Status.OK_STATUS;
	}

	/**
	 * Validates the given nature removals in the nature set for this
	 * project.  Tolerates existing inconsistencies in the nature set.
	 *
	 * @param newNatures the complete new set of nature IDs for the project,
	 * 	excluding deletions
	 * @param deletions the nature IDs that are being removed from the set.
	 * @return An OK status if all removals are valid, and a not OK status
	 * 	if any of the deletions introduce new inconsistencies.
	 */
	protected IStatus validateRemovals(HashSet<String> newNatures, HashSet<String> deletions) {
		//iterate over new nature set, and ensure that none of their prerequisites are being deleted
		for (String currentID : newNatures) {
			IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = getNatureDescriptor(currentID);
			if (desc != null) {
				String[] required = desc.getRequiredNatureIds();
				for (String element : required) {
					if (deletions.contains(element)) {
						return failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_invalidRemoval, element, currentID));
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return Status.OK_STATUS;
	}

	/* (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see IWorkspace#validateNatureSet(String[])
	 */
	public IStatus validateNatureSet(String[] natureIds) {
		int count = natureIds.length;
		if (count == 0)
			return Status.OK_STATUS;
		String msg = Messages.natures_invalidSet;
		MultiStatus result = new MultiStatus(ResourcesPlugin.PI_RESOURCES, IResourceStatus.INVALID_NATURE_SET, msg, null);

		//set of the nature ids being validated (String (id))
		HashSet<String> natures = new HashSet<>(count * 2);
		//set of nature sets for which a member nature has been found (String (id))
		HashSet<String> sets = new HashSet<>(count);
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			String id = natureIds[i];
			ProjectNatureDescriptor desc = (ProjectNatureDescriptor) getNatureDescriptor(id);
			if (desc == null) {
				result.add(failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_missingNature, id)));
				continue;
			}
			if (desc.hasCycle)
				result.add(failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_hasCycle, id)));
			if (!natures.add(id))
				result.add(failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_duplicateNature, id)));
			//validate nature set one-of constraint
			String[] setIds = desc.getNatureSetIds();
			for (String setId : setIds) {
				if (!sets.add(setId)) {
					result.add(failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_multipleSetMembers, setId)));
				}
			}
		}
		//now walk over the set and ensure all pre-requisite natures are present
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			IProjectNatureDescriptor desc = getNatureDescriptor(natureIds[i]);
			if (desc == null)
				continue;
			String[] required = desc.getRequiredNatureIds();
			for (String r : required) {
				if (!natures.contains(r)) {
					result.add(failure(NLS.bind(Messages.natures_missingPrerequisite, natureIds[i], r)));
				}
			}
		}
		//if there are no problems we must return a status whose code is OK
		return result.isOK() ? Status.OK_STATUS : (IStatus) result;
	}
}
