# FastAPI { #fastapi }

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<p align="center">
  <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-teal.png" alt="FastAPI"></a>
</p>
<p align="center">
    <em>FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production</em>
</p>
<p align="center">
<a href="https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest+event%3Apush+branch%3Amaster">
    <img src="https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?event=push&branch=master" alt="Test">
</a>
<a href="https://coverage-badge.samuelcolvin.workers.dev/redirect/fastapi/fastapi">
    <img src="https://coverage-badge.samuelcolvin.workers.dev/fastapi/fastapi.svg" alt="Coverage">
</a>
<a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
</a>
<a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/fastapi.svg?color=%2334D058" alt="Supported Python versions">
</a>
</p>

---

**Documentation**: [https://fastapi.tiangolo.com](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com)

**Source Code**: [https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi)

---

FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python based on standard Python type hints.

The key features are:

* **Fast**: Very high performance, on par with **NodeJS** and **Go** (thanks to Starlette and Pydantic). [One of the fastest Python frameworks available](#performance).
* **Fast to code**: Increase the speed to develop features by about 200% to 300%. *
* **Fewer bugs**: Reduce about 40% of human (developer) induced errors. *
* **Intuitive**: Great editor support. <dfn title="also known as auto-complete, autocompletion, IntelliSense">Completion</dfn> everywhere. Less time debugging.
* **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
* **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
* **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: [OpenAPI](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification) (previously known as Swagger) and [JSON Schema](https://json-schema.org/).

<small>* estimation based on tests conducted by an internal development team, building production applications.</small>

## Sponsors { #sponsors }

<!-- sponsors -->

### Keystone Sponsor { #keystone-sponsor }

{% for sponsor in sponsors.keystone -%}
<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}" style="border-radius:15px"></a>
{% endfor -%}

### Gold and Silver Sponsors { #gold-and-silver-sponsors }

{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}" style="border-radius:15px"></a>
{% endfor -%}
{%- for sponsor in sponsors.silver -%}
<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}" style="border-radius:15px"></a>
{% endfor %}

<!-- /sponsors -->

[Other sponsors](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors)

## Opinions { #opinions }

"_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kabir Khan - <strong>Microsoft</strong> <a href="https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/26"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

"_We adopted the **FastAPI** library to spawn a **REST** server that can be queried to obtain **predictions**. [for Ludwig]_"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Piero Molino, Yaroslav Dudin, and Sai Sumanth Miryala - <strong>Uber</strong> <a href="https://eng.uber.com/ludwig-v0-2/"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

"_**Netflix** is pleased to announce the open-source release of our **crisis management** orchestration framework: **Dispatch**! [built with **FastAPI**]_"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kevin Glisson, Marc Vilanova, Forest Monsen - <strong>Netflix</strong> <a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-dispatch-da4b8a2a8072"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

"_I’m over the moon excited about **FastAPI**. It’s so fun!_"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Brian Okken - <strong>[Python Bytes](https://pythonbytes.fm/episodes/show/123/time-to-right-the-py-wrongs?time_in_sec=855) podcast host</strong> <a href="https://x.com/brianokken/status/1112220079972728832"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

"_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong>[Hug](https://github.com/hugapi/hug) creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

"_If you're looking to learn one **modern framework** for building REST APIs, check out **FastAPI** [...] It's fast, easy to use and easy to learn [...]_"

"_We've switched over to **FastAPI** for our **APIs** [...] I think you'll like it [...]_"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Ines Montani - Matthew Honnibal - <strong>[Explosion AI](https://explosion.ai) founders - [spaCy](https://spacy.io) creators</strong> <a href="https://x.com/_inesmontani/status/1144173225322143744"><small>(ref)</small></a> - <a href="https://x.com/honnibal/status/1144031421859655680"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

"_If anyone is looking to build a production Python API, I would highly recommend **FastAPI**. It is **beautifully designed**, **simple to use** and **highly scalable**, it has become a **key component** in our API first development strategy and is driving many automations and services such as our Virtual TAC Engineer._"

<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Deon Pillsbury - <strong>Cisco</strong> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/deonpillsbury_cisco-cx-python-activity-6963242628536487936-trAp/"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>

---

## FastAPI mini documentary { #fastapi-mini-documentary }

There's a [FastAPI mini documentary](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpR8ngthqiE) released at the end of 2025, you can watch it online:

<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpR8ngthqiE"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/fastapi-documentary.jpg" alt="FastAPI Mini Documentary"></a>

## **Typer**, the FastAPI of CLIs { #typer-the-fastapi-of-clis }

<a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com"><img src="https://typer.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-margin-vector.svg" style="width: 20%;"></a>

If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be used in the terminal instead of a web API, check out [**Typer**](https://typer.tiangolo.com/).

**Typer** is FastAPI's little sibling. And it's intended to be the **FastAPI of CLIs**. ⌨️ 🚀

## Requirements { #requirements }

FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:

* [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/) for the web parts.
* [Pydantic](https://docs.pydantic.dev/) for the data parts.

## Installation { #installation }

Create and activate a [virtual environment](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/virtual-environments/) and then install FastAPI:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install "fastapi[standard]"

---> 100%
```

</div>

**Note**: Make sure you put `"fastapi[standard]"` in quotes to ensure it works in all terminals.

## Example { #example }

### Create it { #create-it }

Create a file `main.py` with:

```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Or use <code>async def</code>...</summary>

If your code uses `async` / `await`, use `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="7  12"
from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

**Note**:

If you don't know, check the _"In a hurry?"_ section about [`async` and `await` in the docs](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/async/#in-a-hurry).

</details>

### Run it { #run-it }

Run the server with:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ fastapi dev

 ╭────────── FastAPI CLI - Development mode ───────────╮
 │                                                     │
 │  Serving at: http://127.0.0.1:8000                  │
 │                                                     │
 │  API docs: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs               │
 │                                                     │
 │  Running in development mode, for production use:   │
 │                                                     │
 │  fastapi run                                        │
 │                                                     │
 ╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

INFO:     Will watch for changes in these directories: ['/home/user/code/awesomeapp']
INFO:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO:     Started reloader process [2248755] using WatchFiles
INFO:     Started server process [2248757]
INFO:     Waiting for application startup.
INFO:     Application startup complete.
```

</div>

<details markdown="1">
<summary>About the command <code>fastapi dev</code>...</summary>

The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file automatically, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using [Uvicorn](https://www.uvicorn.dev).

By default, `fastapi dev` will start with auto-reload enabled for local development.

You can read more about it in the [FastAPI CLI docs](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-cli/).

</details>

### Check it { #check-it }

Open your browser at [http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery](http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery).

You will see the JSON response as:

```JSON
{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
```

You already created an API that:

* Receives HTTP requests in the _paths_ `/` and `/items/{item_id}`.
* Both _paths_ take `GET` <em>operations</em> (also known as HTTP _methods_).
* The _path_ `/items/{item_id}` has a _path parameter_ `item_id` that should be an `int`.
* The _path_ `/items/{item_id}` has an optional `str` _query parameter_ `q`.

### Interactive API docs { #interactive-api-docs }

Now go to [http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs](http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs).

You will see the automatic interactive API documentation (provided by [Swagger UI](https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui)):

![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-01-swagger-ui-simple.png)

### Alternative API docs { #alternative-api-docs }

And now, go to [http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc](http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc).

You will see the alternative automatic documentation (provided by [ReDoc](https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc)):

![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-02-redoc-simple.png)

## Example upgrade { #example-upgrade }

Now modify the file `main.py` to receive a body from a `PUT` request.

Declare the body using standard Python types, thanks to Pydantic.

```Python hl_lines="2  7-10 23-25"
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: bool | None = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
```

The `fastapi dev` server should reload automatically.

### Interactive API docs upgrade { #interactive-api-docs-upgrade }

Now go to [http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs](http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs).

* The interactive API documentation will be automatically updated, including the new body:

![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-03-swagger-02.png)

* Click on the button "Try it out", it allows you to fill the parameters and directly interact with the API:

![Swagger UI interaction](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-04-swagger-03.png)

* Then click on the "Execute" button, the user interface will communicate with your API, send the parameters, get the results and show them on the screen:

![Swagger UI interaction](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-05-swagger-04.png)

### Alternative API docs upgrade { #alternative-api-docs-upgrade }

And now, go to [http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc](http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc).

* The alternative documentation will also reflect the new query parameter and body:

![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-06-redoc-02.png)

### Recap { #recap }

In summary, you declare **once** the types of parameters, body, etc. as function parameters.

You do that with standard modern Python types.

You don't have to learn a new syntax, the methods or classes of a specific library, etc.

Just standard **Python**.

For example, for an `int`:

```Python
item_id: int
```

or for a more complex `Item` model:

```Python
item: Item
```

...and with that single declaration you get:

* Editor support, including:
    * Completion.
    * Type checks.
* Validation of data:
    * Automatic and clear errors when the data is invalid.
    * Validation even for deeply nested JSON objects.
* <dfn title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</dfn> of input data: coming from the network to Python data and types. Reading from:
    * JSON.
    * Path parameters.
    * Query parameters.
    * Cookies.
    * Headers.
    * Forms.
    * Files.
* <dfn title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</dfn> of output data: converting from Python data and types to network data (as JSON):
    * Convert Python types (`str`, `int`, `float`, `bool`, `list`, etc).
    * `datetime` objects.
    * `UUID` objects.
    * Database models.
    * ...and many more.
* Automatic interactive API documentation, including 2 alternative user interfaces:
    * Swagger UI.
    * ReDoc.

---

Coming back to the previous code example, **FastAPI** will:

* Validate that there is an `item_id` in the path for `GET` and `PUT` requests.
* Validate that the `item_id` is of type `int` for `GET` and `PUT` requests.
    * If it is not, the client will see a useful, clear error.
* Check if there is an optional query parameter named `q` (as in `http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?q=somequery`) for `GET` requests.
    * As the `q` parameter is declared with `= None`, it is optional.
    * Without the `None` it would be required (as is the body in the case with `PUT`).
* For `PUT` requests to `/items/{item_id}`, read the body as JSON:
    * Check that it has a required attribute `name` that should be a `str`.
    * Check that it has a required attribute `price` that has to be a `float`.
    * Check that it has an optional attribute `is_offer`, that should be a `bool`, if present.
    * All this would also work for deeply nested JSON objects.
* Convert from and to JSON automatically.
* Document everything with OpenAPI, that can be used by:
    * Interactive documentation systems.
    * Automatic client code generation systems, for many languages.
* Provide 2 interactive documentation web interfaces directly.

---

We just scratched the surface, but you already get the idea of how it all works.

Try changing the line with:

```Python
    return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
```

...from:

```Python
        ... "item_name": item.name ...
```

...to:

```Python
        ... "item_price": item.price ...
```

...and see how your editor will auto-complete the attributes and know their types:

![editor support](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/vscode-completion.png)

For a more complete example including more features, see the <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/">Tutorial - User Guide</a>.

**Spoiler alert**: the tutorial - user guide includes:

* Declaration of **parameters** from other different places as: **headers**, **cookies**, **form fields** and **files**.
* How to set **validation constraints** as `maximum_length` or `regex`.
* A very powerful and easy to use **<dfn title="also known as components, resources, providers, services, injectables">Dependency Injection</dfn>** system.
* Security and authentication, including support for **OAuth2** with **JWT tokens** and **HTTP Basic** auth.
* More advanced (but equally easy) techniques for declaring **deeply nested JSON models** (thanks to Pydantic).
* **GraphQL** integration with [Strawberry](https://strawberry.rocks) and other libraries.
* Many extra features (thanks to Starlette) as:
    * **WebSockets**
    * extremely easy tests based on HTTPX and `pytest`
    * **CORS**
    * **Cookie Sessions**
    * ...and more.

### Deploy your app (optional) { #deploy-your-app-optional }

You can optionally deploy your FastAPI app to [FastAPI Cloud](https://fastapicloud.com), go and join the waiting list if you haven't. 🚀

If you already have a **FastAPI Cloud** account (we invited you from the waiting list 😉), you can deploy your application with one command.

<div class="termy">

```console
$ fastapi deploy

Deploying to FastAPI Cloud...

✅ Deployment successful!

🐔 Ready the chicken! Your app is ready at https://myapp.fastapicloud.dev
```

</div>

That's it! Now you can access your app at that URL. ✨

#### About FastAPI Cloud { #about-fastapi-cloud }

**[FastAPI Cloud](https://fastapicloud.com)** is built by the same author and team behind **FastAPI**.

It streamlines the process of **building**, **deploying**, and **accessing** an API with minimal effort.

It brings the same **developer experience** of building apps with FastAPI to **deploying** them to the cloud. 🎉

FastAPI Cloud is the primary sponsor and funding provider for the *FastAPI and friends* open source projects. ✨

#### Deploy to other cloud providers { #deploy-to-other-cloud-providers }

FastAPI is open source and based on standards. You can deploy FastAPI apps to any cloud provider you choose.

Follow your cloud provider's guides to deploy FastAPI apps with them. 🤓

## Performance { #performance }

Independent TechEmpower benchmarks show **FastAPI** applications running under Uvicorn as [one of the fastest Python frameworks available](https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=test&runid=7464e520-0dc2-473d-bd34-dbdfd7e85911&hw=ph&test=query&l=zijzen-7), only below Starlette and Uvicorn themselves (used internally by FastAPI). (*)

To understand more about it, see the section [Benchmarks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/benchmarks/).

## Dependencies { #dependencies }

FastAPI depends on Pydantic and Starlette.

### `standard` Dependencies { #standard-dependencies }

When you install FastAPI with `pip install "fastapi[standard]"` it comes with the `standard` group of optional dependencies:

Used by Pydantic:

* [`email-validator`](https://github.com/JoshData/python-email-validator) - for email validation.

Used by Starlette:

* [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org) - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
* [`jinja2`](https://jinja.palletsprojects.com) - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
* [`python-multipart`](https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart) - Required if you want to support form <dfn title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</dfn>, with `request.form()`.

Used by FastAPI:

* [`uvicorn`](https://www.uvicorn.dev) - for the server that loads and serves your application. This includes `uvicorn[standard]`, which includes some dependencies (e.g. `uvloop`) needed for high performance serving.
* `fastapi-cli[standard]` - to provide the `fastapi` command.
    * This includes `fastapi-cloud-cli`, which allows you to deploy your FastAPI application to [FastAPI Cloud](https://fastapicloud.com).

### Without `standard` Dependencies { #without-standard-dependencies }

If you don't want to include the `standard` optional dependencies, you can install with `pip install fastapi` instead of `pip install "fastapi[standard]"`.

### Without `fastapi-cloud-cli` { #without-fastapi-cloud-cli }

If you want to install FastAPI with the standard dependencies but without the `fastapi-cloud-cli`, you can install with `pip install "fastapi[standard-no-fastapi-cloud-cli]"`.

### Additional Optional Dependencies { #additional-optional-dependencies }

There are some additional dependencies you might want to install.

Additional optional Pydantic dependencies:

* [`pydantic-settings`](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/pydantic_settings/) - for settings management.
* [`pydantic-extra-types`](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/usage/types/extra_types/extra_types/) - for extra types to be used with Pydantic.

Additional optional FastAPI dependencies:

* [`orjson`](https://github.com/ijl/orjson) - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
* [`ujson`](https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson) - Required if you want to use `UJSONResponse`.

## License { #license }

This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.
