/*
 * ====================================================================
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
 * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * <http://www.apache.org/>.
 *
 */
package org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.io;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Proxy;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;

import org.apache.hc.client5.http.ConnectExceptionSupport;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.DnsResolver;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SchemePortResolver;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.SystemDefaultDnsResolver;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.UnsupportedSchemeException;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.config.TlsConfig;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.ConnPoolSupport;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.DefaultSchemePortResolver;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.io.DetachedSocketFactory;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.io.HttpClientConnectionOperator;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.io.ManagedHttpClientConnection;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.socket.UnixDomainSocketFactory;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.ssl.TlsSocketStrategy;
import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.Contract;
import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.Internal;
import org.apache.hc.core5.annotation.ThreadingBehavior;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.ConnectionClosedException;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.URIScheme;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.config.Lookup;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.io.SocketConfig;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.hc.core5.io.Closer;
import org.apache.hc.core5.net.NamedEndpoint;
import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Args;
import org.apache.hc.core5.util.TimeValue;
import org.apache.hc.core5.util.Timeout;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import jdk.net.ExtendedSocketOptions;
import jdk.net.Sockets;

/**
 * Default implementation of {@link HttpClientConnectionOperator} used as default in Http client,
 * when no instance provided by user to {@link BasicHttpClientConnectionManager} or {@link
 * PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager} constructor.
 *
 * @since 4.4
 */
@Internal
@Contract(threading = ThreadingBehavior.STATELESS)
public class DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator implements HttpClientConnectionOperator {

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.class);
    @SuppressWarnings("Since15")
    private static final boolean SUPPORTS_KEEPALIVE_OPTIONS = Sockets.supportedOptions(Socket.class)
            .containsAll(Arrays.asList(ExtendedSocketOptions.TCP_KEEPIDLE, ExtendedSocketOptions.TCP_KEEPINTERVAL,
                    ExtendedSocketOptions.TCP_KEEPCOUNT));

    static final DetachedSocketFactory PLAIN_SOCKET_FACTORY = socksProxy -> socksProxy == null ? new Socket() : new Socket(socksProxy);

    private final DetachedSocketFactory detachedSocketFactory;
    private final UnixDomainSocketFactory unixDomainSocketFactory = UnixDomainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
    private final Lookup<TlsSocketStrategy> tlsSocketStrategyLookup;
    private final SchemePortResolver schemePortResolver;
    private final DnsResolver dnsResolver;

    /**
     * @deprecated Provided for backward compatibility
     */
    @Deprecated
    static Lookup<TlsSocketStrategy> adapt(final Lookup<org.apache.hc.client5.http.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory> lookup) {

        return name -> {
            final org.apache.hc.client5.http.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory sf = lookup.lookup(name);
            return sf instanceof org.apache.hc.client5.http.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory ? (socket, target, port, attachment, context) ->
                    (SSLSocket) ((org.apache.hc.client5.http.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory) sf).createLayeredSocket(socket, target, port, attachment, context) : null;
        };

    }


    public DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator(
            final DetachedSocketFactory detachedSocketFactory,
            final SchemePortResolver schemePortResolver,
            final DnsResolver dnsResolver,
            final Lookup<TlsSocketStrategy> tlsSocketStrategyLookup) {
        super();
        this.detachedSocketFactory = Args.notNull(detachedSocketFactory, "Plain socket factory");
        this.tlsSocketStrategyLookup = Args.notNull(tlsSocketStrategyLookup, "Socket factory registry");
        this.schemePortResolver = schemePortResolver != null ? schemePortResolver :
                DefaultSchemePortResolver.INSTANCE;
        this.dnsResolver = dnsResolver != null ? dnsResolver :
                SystemDefaultDnsResolver.INSTANCE;
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Do not use.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator(
            final Lookup<org.apache.hc.client5.http.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry,
            final SchemePortResolver schemePortResolver,
            final DnsResolver dnsResolver) {
        this(PLAIN_SOCKET_FACTORY, schemePortResolver, dnsResolver, adapt(socketFactoryRegistry));
    }

    public DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator(
            final SchemePortResolver schemePortResolver,
            final DnsResolver dnsResolver,
            final Lookup<TlsSocketStrategy> tlsSocketStrategyLookup) {
        this(PLAIN_SOCKET_FACTORY, schemePortResolver, dnsResolver, tlsSocketStrategyLookup);
    }

    @Override
    public void connect(
            final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn,
            final HttpHost host,
            final InetSocketAddress localAddress,
            final TimeValue connectTimeout,
            final SocketConfig socketConfig,
            final HttpContext context) throws IOException {
        final Timeout timeout = connectTimeout != null ? Timeout.of(connectTimeout.getDuration(), connectTimeout.getTimeUnit()) : null;
        connect(conn, host, null, localAddress, timeout, socketConfig, null, context);
    }

    @Override
    public void connect(
            final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn,
            final HttpHost endpointHost,
            final NamedEndpoint endpointName,
            final InetSocketAddress localAddress,
            final Timeout connectTimeout,
            final SocketConfig socketConfig,
            final Object attachment,
            final HttpContext context) throws IOException {
        connect(conn, endpointHost, endpointName, null, localAddress, connectTimeout, socketConfig, attachment,
            context);
    }

    @Override
    public void connect(
            final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn,
            final HttpHost endpointHost,
            final NamedEndpoint endpointName,
            final Path unixDomainSocket,
            final InetSocketAddress localAddress,
            final Timeout connectTimeout,
            final SocketConfig socketConfig,
            final Object attachment,
            final HttpContext context) throws IOException {

        Args.notNull(conn, "Connection");
        Args.notNull(endpointHost, "Host");
        Args.notNull(socketConfig, "Socket config");
        Args.notNull(context, "Context");

        final SocketAddress socksProxyAddress = socketConfig.getSocksProxyAddress();
        final Proxy socksProxy = socksProxyAddress != null ? new Proxy(Proxy.Type.SOCKS, socksProxyAddress) : null;
        if (unixDomainSocket != null) {
            connectToUnixDomainSocket(conn, endpointHost, endpointName, attachment, unixDomainSocket, connectTimeout, socketConfig, context);
            return;
        }

        final List<InetSocketAddress> remoteAddresses;
        if (endpointHost.getAddress() != null) {
            remoteAddresses = Collections.singletonList(
                    new InetSocketAddress(endpointHost.getAddress(), this.schemePortResolver.resolve(endpointHost.getSchemeName(), endpointHost)));
        } else {
            final int port = this.schemePortResolver.resolve(endpointHost.getSchemeName(), endpointHost);
            remoteAddresses = this.dnsResolver.resolve(endpointHost.getHostName(), port);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < remoteAddresses.size(); i++) {
            final InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = remoteAddresses.get(i);
            final boolean last = i == remoteAddresses.size() - 1;
            onBeforeSocketConnect(context, endpointHost);
            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                LOG.debug("{} connecting {}->{} ({})", endpointHost, localAddress, remoteAddress, connectTimeout);
            }
            final Socket socket = detachedSocketFactory.create(endpointHost.getSchemeName(), socksProxy);
            try {
                // Always bind to the local address if it's provided.
                if (localAddress != null) {
                    socket.bind(localAddress);
                }
                conn.bind(socket);
                configureSocket(socket, socketConfig, true);
                socket.connect(remoteAddress, TimeValue.isPositive(connectTimeout) ? connectTimeout.toMillisecondsIntBound() : 0);
                conn.bind(socket);
                onAfterSocketConnect(context, endpointHost);
                if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    LOG.debug("{} {} connected {}->{}", ConnPoolSupport.getId(conn), endpointHost, conn.getLocalAddress(), conn.getRemoteAddress());
                }
                final TlsSocketStrategy tlsSocketStrategy = tlsSocketStrategyLookup != null ? tlsSocketStrategyLookup.lookup(endpointHost.getSchemeName()) : null;
                if (tlsSocketStrategy != null) {
                    upgradeToTls(conn, endpointHost, endpointName, connectTimeout, attachment, context, tlsSocketStrategy, socket);
                }
                return;
            } catch (final RuntimeException ex) {
                Closer.closeQuietly(socket);
                throw ex;
            } catch (final IOException ex) {
                Closer.closeQuietly(socket);
                if (last) {
                    if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        LOG.debug("{} connection to {} failed ({}); terminating operation", endpointHost, remoteAddress, ex.getClass());
                    }
                    throw ConnectExceptionSupport.enhance(ex, endpointHost);
                }
                if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    LOG.debug("{} connection to {} failed ({}); retrying connection to the next address", endpointHost, remoteAddress, ex.getClass());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void upgradeToTls(final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn, final HttpHost endpointHost,
                              final NamedEndpoint endpointName, final Timeout connectTimeout, final Object attachment,
                              final HttpContext context, final TlsSocketStrategy tlsSocketStrategy, final Socket socket)
                              throws IOException {
        final NamedEndpoint tlsName = endpointName != null ? endpointName : endpointHost;
        onBeforeTlsHandshake(context, endpointHost);
        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
            LOG.debug("{} {} upgrading to TLS", ConnPoolSupport.getId(conn), tlsName);
        }
        final TlsConfig tlsConfig = attachment instanceof TlsConfig ? (TlsConfig) attachment : TlsConfig.DEFAULT;
        final int soTimeout = socket.getSoTimeout();
        final Timeout handshakeTimeout = tlsConfig.getHandshakeTimeout() != null ? tlsConfig.getHandshakeTimeout() : connectTimeout;
        if (handshakeTimeout != null) {
            socket.setSoTimeout(handshakeTimeout.toMillisecondsIntBound());
        }
        final SSLSocket sslSocket = tlsSocketStrategy.upgrade(socket, tlsName.getHostName(), tlsName.getPort(), attachment, context);
        conn.bind(sslSocket, socket);
        socket.setSoTimeout(soTimeout);
        onAfterTlsHandshake(context, endpointHost);
        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
            LOG.debug("{} {} upgraded to TLS", ConnPoolSupport.getId(conn), tlsName);
        }
    }

    private void connectToUnixDomainSocket(
            final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn,
            final HttpHost endpointHost,
            final NamedEndpoint endpointName,
            final Object attachment,
            final Path unixDomainSocket,
            final Timeout connectTimeout,
            final SocketConfig socketConfig,
            final HttpContext context) throws IOException {
        onBeforeSocketConnect(context, endpointHost);
        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
            LOG.debug("{} connecting to {} ({})", endpointHost, unixDomainSocket, connectTimeout);
        }
        final Socket newSocket = unixDomainSocketFactory.createSocket();
        try {
            conn.bind(newSocket);
            final Socket socket = unixDomainSocketFactory.connectSocket(newSocket, unixDomainSocket,
                connectTimeout);
            conn.bind(socket);
            configureSocket(socket, socketConfig, false);
            onAfterSocketConnect(context, endpointHost);
            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                LOG.debug("{} {} connected to {}", ConnPoolSupport.getId(conn), endpointHost, unixDomainSocket);
            }

            final TlsSocketStrategy tlsSocketStrategy = tlsSocketStrategyLookup != null ? tlsSocketStrategyLookup.lookup(endpointHost.getSchemeName()) : null;
            if (tlsSocketStrategy != null) {
                upgradeToTls(conn, endpointHost, endpointName, connectTimeout, attachment, context, tlsSocketStrategy, socket);
            }
        } catch (final RuntimeException ex) {
            Closer.closeQuietly(newSocket);
            throw ex;
        } catch (final IOException ex) {
            Closer.closeQuietly(newSocket);
            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                LOG.debug("{} connection to {} failed ({}); terminating operation", endpointHost, unixDomainSocket,
                    ex.getClass());
            }
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("Since15")
    private static void configureSocket(
        final Socket socket,
        final SocketConfig socketConfig,
        final boolean isTcp
    ) throws IOException {
        final Timeout socketTimeout = socketConfig.getSoTimeout();
        if (socketTimeout != null) {
            socket.setSoTimeout(socketTimeout.toMillisecondsIntBound());
        }
        if (socketConfig.getRcvBufSize() > 0) {
            socket.setReceiveBufferSize(socketConfig.getRcvBufSize());
        }
        if (socketConfig.getSndBufSize() > 0) {
            socket.setSendBufferSize(socketConfig.getSndBufSize());
        }

        final int linger = socketConfig.getSoLinger().toMillisecondsIntBound();
        if (linger >= 0) {
            socket.setSoLinger(true, linger);
        }
        if (isTcp) {
            socket.setReuseAddress(socketConfig.isSoReuseAddress());
            socket.setTcpNoDelay(socketConfig.isTcpNoDelay());
            socket.setKeepAlive(socketConfig.isSoKeepAlive());
            if (SUPPORTS_KEEPALIVE_OPTIONS) {
                if (socketConfig.getTcpKeepIdle() > 0) {
                    Sockets.setOption(socket, ExtendedSocketOptions.TCP_KEEPIDLE, socketConfig.getTcpKeepIdle());
                }
                if (socketConfig.getTcpKeepInterval() > 0) {
                    Sockets.setOption(socket, ExtendedSocketOptions.TCP_KEEPINTERVAL,
                        socketConfig.getTcpKeepInterval());
                }
                if (socketConfig.getTcpKeepCount() > 0) {
                    Sockets.setOption(socket, ExtendedSocketOptions.TCP_KEEPCOUNT, socketConfig.getTcpKeepCount());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void upgrade(
            final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn,
            final HttpHost host,
            final HttpContext context) throws IOException {
        upgrade(conn, host, null, null, context);
    }

    @Override
    public void upgrade(
            final ManagedHttpClientConnection conn,
            final HttpHost endpointHost,
            final NamedEndpoint endpointName,
            final Object attachment,
            final HttpContext context) throws IOException {
        final Socket socket = conn.getSocket();
        if (socket == null) {
            throw new ConnectionClosedException("Connection is closed");
        }
        final String newProtocol = URIScheme.HTTP.same(endpointHost.getSchemeName()) ? URIScheme.HTTPS.id : endpointHost.getSchemeName();
        final TlsSocketStrategy tlsSocketStrategy = tlsSocketStrategyLookup != null ? tlsSocketStrategyLookup.lookup(newProtocol) : null;
        if (tlsSocketStrategy != null) {
            final NamedEndpoint tlsName = endpointName != null ? endpointName : endpointHost;
            onBeforeTlsHandshake(context, endpointHost);
            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                LOG.debug("{} upgrading to TLS {}:{}", ConnPoolSupport.getId(conn), tlsName.getHostName(), tlsName.getPort());
            }
            final SSLSocket upgradedSocket = tlsSocketStrategy.upgrade(socket, tlsName.getHostName(), tlsName.getPort(), attachment, context);
            conn.bind(upgradedSocket, socket);
            onAfterTlsHandshake(context, endpointHost);
            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
                LOG.debug("{} upgraded to TLS {}:{}", ConnPoolSupport.getId(conn), tlsName.getHostName(), tlsName.getPort());
            }
        } else {
            throw new UnsupportedSchemeException(newProtocol + " protocol is not supported");
        }
    }

    protected void onBeforeSocketConnect(final HttpContext httpContext, final HttpHost endpointHost) {
    }

    protected void onAfterSocketConnect(final HttpContext httpContext, final HttpHost endpointHost) {
    }

    protected void onBeforeTlsHandshake(final HttpContext httpContext, final HttpHost endpointHost) {
    }

    protected void onAfterTlsHandshake(final HttpContext httpContext, final HttpHost endpointHost) {
    }

}
