/*
 * Copyright 2002-2011 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.jms.connection;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.QueueSession;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.Topic;
import javax.jms.TopicSession;

import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;

/**
 * {@link SingleConnectionFactory} subclass that adds {@link javax.jms.Session}
 * caching as well {@link javax.jms.MessageProducer} caching. This ConnectionFactory
 * also switches the {@link #setReconnectOnException "reconnectOnException" property}
 * to "true" by default, allowing for automatic recovery of the underlying Connection.
 *
 * <p>By default, only one single Session will be cached, with further requested
 * Sessions being created and disposed on demand. Consider raising the
 * {@link #setSessionCacheSize "sessionCacheSize" value} in case of a
 * high-concurrency environment.
 *
 * <p><b>NOTE: This ConnectionFactory decorator requires JMS 1.1 or higher.</b>
 * You may use it through the JMS 1.0.2 API; however, the target JMS driver
 * needs to be compliant with JMS 1.1.
 *
 * <p>When using the JMS 1.0.2 API, this ConnectionFactory will switch
 * into queue/topic mode according to the JMS API methods used at runtime:
 * <code>createQueueConnection</code> and <code>createTopicConnection</code> will
 * lead to queue/topic mode, respectively; generic <code>createConnection</code>
 * calls will lead to a JMS 1.1 connection which is able to serve both modes.
 *
 * <p><b>NOTE: This ConnectionFactory requires explicit closing of all Sessions
 * obtained from its shared Connection.</b> This is the usual recommendation for
 * native JMS access code anyway. However, with this ConnectionFactory, its use
 * is mandatory in order to actually allow for Session reuse.
 *
 * <p>Note also that MessageConsumers obtained from a cached Session won't get
 * closed until the Session will eventually be removed from the pool. This may
 * lead to semantic side effects in some cases. For a durable subscriber, the
 * logical <code>Session.close()</code> call will also close the subscription.
 * Re-registering a durable consumer for the same subscription on the same
 * Session handle is not supported; close and reobtain a cached Session first.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 2.5.3
 */
public class CachingConnectionFactory extends SingleConnectionFactory {

	private int sessionCacheSize = 1;

	private boolean cacheProducers = true;

	private boolean cacheConsumers = true;

	private volatile boolean active = true;

	private final Map<Integer, LinkedList<Session>> cachedSessions =
			new HashMap<Integer, LinkedList<Session>>();


	/**
	 * Create a new CachingConnectionFactory for bean-style usage.
	 * @see #setTargetConnectionFactory
	 */
	public CachingConnectionFactory() {
		super();
		setReconnectOnException(true);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new CachingConnectionFactory for the given target
	 * ConnectionFactory.
	 * @param targetConnectionFactory the target ConnectionFactory
	 */
	public CachingConnectionFactory(ConnectionFactory targetConnectionFactory) {
		super(targetConnectionFactory);
		setReconnectOnException(true);
	}


	/**
	 * Specify the desired size for the JMS Session cache (per JMS Session type).
	 * <p>This cache size is the maximum limit for the number of cached Sessions
	 * per session acknowledgement type (auto, client, dups_ok, transacted).
	 * As a consequence, the actual number of cached Sessions may be up to
	 * four times as high as the specified value - in the unlikely case
	 * of mixing and matching different acknowledgement types.
	 * <p>Default is 1: caching a single Session, (re-)creating further ones on
	 * demand. Specify a number like 10 if you'd like to raise the number of cached
	 * Sessions; that said, 1 may be sufficient for low-concurrency scenarios.
	 * @see #setCacheProducers
	 */
	public void setSessionCacheSize(int sessionCacheSize) {
		Assert.isTrue(sessionCacheSize >= 1, "Session cache size must be 1 or higher");
		this.sessionCacheSize = sessionCacheSize;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the desired size for the JMS Session cache (per JMS Session type).
	 */
	public int getSessionCacheSize() {
		return this.sessionCacheSize;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify whether to cache JMS MessageProducers per JMS Session instance
	 * (more specifically: one MessageProducer per Destination and Session).
	 * <p>Default is "true". Switch this to "false" in order to always
	 * recreate MessageProducers on demand.
	 */
	public void setCacheProducers(boolean cacheProducers) {
		this.cacheProducers = cacheProducers;
	}

	/**
	 * Return whether to cache JMS MessageProducers per JMS Session instance.
	 */
	public boolean isCacheProducers() {
		return this.cacheProducers;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify whether to cache JMS MessageConsumers per JMS Session instance
	 * (more specifically: one MessageConsumer per Destination, selector String
	 * and Session). Note that durable subscribers will only be cached until
	 * logical closing of the Session handle.
	 * <p>Default is "true". Switch this to "false" in order to always
	 * recreate MessageConsumers on demand.
	 */
	public void setCacheConsumers(boolean cacheConsumers) {
		this.cacheConsumers = cacheConsumers;
	}

	/**
	 * Return whether to cache JMS MessageConsumers per JMS Session instance.
	 */
	public boolean isCacheConsumers() {
		return this.cacheConsumers;
	}


	/**
	 * Resets the Session cache as well.
	 */
	public void resetConnection() {
		this.active = false;
		synchronized (this.cachedSessions) {
			for (LinkedList<Session> sessionList : this.cachedSessions.values()) {
				synchronized (sessionList) {
					for (Session session : sessionList) {
						try {
							session.close();
						}
						catch (Throwable ex) {
							logger.trace("Could not close cached JMS Session", ex);
						}
					}
				}
			}
			this.cachedSessions.clear();
		}
		this.active = true;

		// Now proceed with actual closing of the shared Connection...
		super.resetConnection();
	}

	/**
	 * Checks for a cached Session for the given mode.
	 */
	protected Session getSession(Connection con, Integer mode) throws JMSException {
		LinkedList<Session> sessionList;
		synchronized (this.cachedSessions) {
			sessionList = this.cachedSessions.get(mode);
			if (sessionList == null) {
				sessionList = new LinkedList<Session>();
				this.cachedSessions.put(mode, sessionList);
			}
		}
		Session session = null;
		synchronized (sessionList) {
			if (!sessionList.isEmpty()) {
				session = sessionList.removeFirst();
			}
		}
		if (session != null) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Found cached JMS Session for mode " + mode + ": " +
						(session instanceof SessionProxy ? ((SessionProxy) session).getTargetSession() : session));
			}
		}
		else {
			Session targetSession = createSession(con, mode);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Creating cached JMS Session for mode " + mode + ": " + targetSession);
			}
			session = getCachedSessionProxy(targetSession, sessionList);
		}
		return session;
	}

	/**
	 * Wrap the given Session with a proxy that delegates every method call to it
	 * but adapts close calls. This is useful for allowing application code to
	 * handle a special framework Session just like an ordinary Session.
	 * @param target the original Session to wrap
	 * @param sessionList the List of cached Sessions that the given Session belongs to
	 * @return the wrapped Session
	 */
	protected Session getCachedSessionProxy(Session target, LinkedList<Session> sessionList) {
		List<Class> classes = new ArrayList<Class>(3);
		classes.add(SessionProxy.class);
		if (target instanceof QueueSession) {
			classes.add(QueueSession.class);
		}
		if (target instanceof TopicSession) {
			classes.add(TopicSession.class);
		}
		return (Session) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
				SessionProxy.class.getClassLoader(),
				classes.toArray(new Class[classes.size()]),
				new CachedSessionInvocationHandler(target, sessionList));
	}


	/**
	 * Invocation handler for a cached JMS Session proxy.
	 */
	private class CachedSessionInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {

		private final Session target;

		private final LinkedList<Session> sessionList;

		private final Map<DestinationCacheKey, MessageProducer> cachedProducers =
				new HashMap<DestinationCacheKey, MessageProducer>();

		private final Map<ConsumerCacheKey, MessageConsumer> cachedConsumers =
				new HashMap<ConsumerCacheKey, MessageConsumer>();

		private boolean transactionOpen = false;

		public CachedSessionInvocationHandler(Session target, LinkedList<Session> sessionList) {
			this.target = target;
			this.sessionList = sessionList;
		}

		public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
			String methodName = method.getName();
			if (methodName.equals("equals")) {
				// Only consider equal when proxies are identical.
				return (proxy == args[0]);
			}
			else if (methodName.equals("hashCode")) {
				// Use hashCode of Session proxy.
				return System.identityHashCode(proxy);
			}
			else if (methodName.equals("toString")) {
				return "Cached JMS Session: " + this.target;
			}
			else if (methodName.equals("close")) {
				// Handle close method: don't pass the call on.
				if (active) {
					synchronized (this.sessionList) {
						if (this.sessionList.size() < getSessionCacheSize()) {
							logicalClose((Session) proxy);
							// Remain open in the session list.
							return null;
						}
					}
				}
				// If we get here, we're supposed to shut down.
				physicalClose();
				return null;
			}
			else if (methodName.equals("getTargetSession")) {
				// Handle getTargetSession method: return underlying Session.
				return this.target;
			}
			else if (methodName.equals("commit") || methodName.equals("rollback")) {
				this.transactionOpen = false;
			}
			else if (methodName.startsWith("create")) {
				this.transactionOpen = true;
				if (isCacheProducers() && (methodName.equals("createProducer") ||
						methodName.equals("createSender") || methodName.equals("createPublisher"))) {
					// Destination argument being null is ok for a producer
					return getCachedProducer((Destination) args[0]);
				}
				else if (isCacheConsumers()) {
					// let raw JMS invocation throw an exception if Destination (i.e. args[0]) is null
					if ((methodName.equals("createConsumer") || methodName.equals("createReceiver") ||
							methodName.equals("createSubscriber"))) {
						if (args[0] != null) {
							return getCachedConsumer((Destination) args[0],
									(args.length > 1 ? (String) args[1] : null),
									(args.length > 2 && (Boolean) args[2]),
									null);
						}
					}
					else if (methodName.equals("createDurableSubscriber")) {
						if (args[0] != null) {
							return getCachedConsumer((Destination) args[0],
									(args.length > 2 ? (String) args[2] : null),
									(args.length > 3 && (Boolean) args[3]),
									(String) args[1]);
						}
					}
				}
			}
			try {
				return method.invoke(this.target, args);
			}
			catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
				throw ex.getTargetException();
			}
		}

		private MessageProducer getCachedProducer(Destination dest) throws JMSException {
			DestinationCacheKey cacheKey = (dest != null ? new DestinationCacheKey(dest) : null);
			MessageProducer producer = this.cachedProducers.get(cacheKey);
			if (producer != null) {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Found cached JMS MessageProducer for destination [" + dest + "]: " + producer);
				}
			}
			else {
				producer = this.target.createProducer(dest);
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Creating cached JMS MessageProducer for destination [" + dest + "]: " + producer);
				}
				this.cachedProducers.put(cacheKey, producer);
			}
			return new CachedMessageProducer(producer);
		}

		private MessageConsumer getCachedConsumer(
				Destination dest, String selector, boolean noLocal, String subscription) throws JMSException {

			ConsumerCacheKey cacheKey = new ConsumerCacheKey(dest, selector, noLocal, subscription);
			MessageConsumer consumer = this.cachedConsumers.get(cacheKey);
			if (consumer != null) {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Found cached JMS MessageConsumer for destination [" + dest + "]: " + consumer);
				}
			}
			else {
				if (dest instanceof Topic) {
					consumer = (subscription != null ?
							this.target.createDurableSubscriber((Topic) dest, subscription, selector, noLocal) :
							this.target.createConsumer(dest, selector, noLocal));
				}
				else {
					consumer = this.target.createConsumer(dest, selector);
				}
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Creating cached JMS MessageConsumer for destination [" + dest + "]: " + consumer);
				}
				this.cachedConsumers.put(cacheKey, consumer);
			}
			return new CachedMessageConsumer(consumer);
		}

		private void logicalClose(Session proxy) throws JMSException {
			// Preserve rollback-on-close semantics.
			if (this.transactionOpen && this.target.getTransacted()) {
				this.transactionOpen = false;
				this.target.rollback();
			}
			// Physically close durable subscribers at time of Session close call.
			for (Iterator<Map.Entry<ConsumerCacheKey, MessageConsumer>> it = this.cachedConsumers.entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
				Map.Entry<ConsumerCacheKey, MessageConsumer> entry = it.next();
				if (entry.getKey().subscription != null) {
					entry.getValue().close();
					it.remove();
				}
			}
			// Allow for multiple close calls...
			boolean returned = false;
			synchronized (this.sessionList) {
				if (!this.sessionList.contains(proxy)) {
					this.sessionList.addLast(proxy);
					returned = true;
				}
			}
			if (returned && logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Returned cached Session: " + this.target);
			}
		}

		private void physicalClose() throws JMSException {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Closing cached Session: " + this.target);
			}
			// Explicitly close all MessageProducers and MessageConsumers that
			// this Session happens to cache...
			try {
				for (MessageProducer producer : this.cachedProducers.values()) {
					producer.close();
				}
				for (MessageConsumer consumer : this.cachedConsumers.values()) {
					consumer.close();
				}
			}
			finally {
				this.cachedProducers.clear();
				this.cachedConsumers.clear();
				// Now actually close the Session.
				this.target.close();
			}
		}
	}


	/**
	 * Simple wrapper class around a Destination reference.
	 * Used as the cache key when caching MessageProducer objects.
	 */
	private static class DestinationCacheKey {

		private final Destination destination;

		private String destinationString;

		public DestinationCacheKey(Destination destination) {
			Assert.notNull(destination, "Destination must not be null");
			this.destination = destination;
		}

		private String getDestinationString() {
			if (this.destinationString == null) {
				this.destinationString = this.destination.toString();
			}
			return this.destinationString;
		}

		protected boolean destinationEquals(DestinationCacheKey otherKey) {
			return (this.destination.getClass().equals(otherKey.destination.getClass()) &&
					(this.destination.equals(otherKey.destination) ||
							getDestinationString().equals(otherKey.getDestinationString())));
		}

		public boolean equals(Object other) {
			// Effectively checking object equality as well as toString equality.
			// On WebSphere MQ, Destination objects do not implement equals...
			return (other == this || destinationEquals((DestinationCacheKey) other));
		}

		public int hashCode() {
			// Can't use a more specific hashCode since we can't rely on
			// this.destination.hashCode() actually being the same value
			// for equivalent destinations... Thanks a lot, WebSphere MQ!
			return this.destination.getClass().hashCode();
		}
	}


	/**
	 * Simple wrapper class around a Destination and other consumer attributes.
	 * Used as the cache key when caching MessageConsumer objects.
	 */
	private static class ConsumerCacheKey extends DestinationCacheKey {

		private final String selector;

		private final boolean noLocal;

		private final String subscription;

		public ConsumerCacheKey(Destination destination, String selector, boolean noLocal, String subscription) {
			super(destination);
			this.selector = selector;
			this.noLocal = noLocal;
			this.subscription = subscription;
		}

		public boolean equals(Object other) {
			if (other == this) {
				return true;
			}
			ConsumerCacheKey otherKey = (ConsumerCacheKey) other;
			return (destinationEquals(otherKey) &&
					ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.selector, otherKey.selector) &&
					this.noLocal == otherKey.noLocal &&
					ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(this.subscription, otherKey.subscription));
		}
	}

}
