var csv_parse_sync = (function (exports) {
            'use strict';

            var global$1 = (typeof global !== "undefined" ? global :
                        typeof self !== "undefined" ? self :
                        typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {});

            var lookup = [];
            var revLookup = [];
            var Arr = typeof Uint8Array !== 'undefined' ? Uint8Array : Array;
            var inited = false;
            function init () {
              inited = true;
              var code = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
              for (var i = 0, len = code.length; i < len; ++i) {
                lookup[i] = code[i];
                revLookup[code.charCodeAt(i)] = i;
              }

              revLookup['-'.charCodeAt(0)] = 62;
              revLookup['_'.charCodeAt(0)] = 63;
            }

            function toByteArray (b64) {
              if (!inited) {
                init();
              }
              var i, j, l, tmp, placeHolders, arr;
              var len = b64.length;

              if (len % 4 > 0) {
                throw new Error('Invalid string. Length must be a multiple of 4')
              }

              // the number of equal signs (place holders)
              // if there are two placeholders, than the two characters before it
              // represent one byte
              // if there is only one, then the three characters before it represent 2 bytes
              // this is just a cheap hack to not do indexOf twice
              placeHolders = b64[len - 2] === '=' ? 2 : b64[len - 1] === '=' ? 1 : 0;

              // base64 is 4/3 + up to two characters of the original data
              arr = new Arr(len * 3 / 4 - placeHolders);

              // if there are placeholders, only get up to the last complete 4 chars
              l = placeHolders > 0 ? len - 4 : len;

              var L = 0;

              for (i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i += 4, j += 3) {
                tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 18) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 12) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] << 6) | revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 3)];
                arr[L++] = (tmp >> 16) & 0xFF;
                arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
                arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF;
              }

              if (placeHolders === 2) {
                tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 2) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] >> 4);
                arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF;
              } else if (placeHolders === 1) {
                tmp = (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i)] << 10) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 1)] << 4) | (revLookup[b64.charCodeAt(i + 2)] >> 2);
                arr[L++] = (tmp >> 8) & 0xFF;
                arr[L++] = tmp & 0xFF;
              }

              return arr
            }

            function tripletToBase64 (num) {
              return lookup[num >> 18 & 0x3F] + lookup[num >> 12 & 0x3F] + lookup[num >> 6 & 0x3F] + lookup[num & 0x3F]
            }

            function encodeChunk (uint8, start, end) {
              var tmp;
              var output = [];
              for (var i = start; i < end; i += 3) {
                tmp = (uint8[i] << 16) + (uint8[i + 1] << 8) + (uint8[i + 2]);
                output.push(tripletToBase64(tmp));
              }
              return output.join('')
            }

            function fromByteArray (uint8) {
              if (!inited) {
                init();
              }
              var tmp;
              var len = uint8.length;
              var extraBytes = len % 3; // if we have 1 byte left, pad 2 bytes
              var output = '';
              var parts = [];
              var maxChunkLength = 16383; // must be multiple of 3

              // go through the array every three bytes, we'll deal with trailing stuff later
              for (var i = 0, len2 = len - extraBytes; i < len2; i += maxChunkLength) {
                parts.push(encodeChunk(uint8, i, (i + maxChunkLength) > len2 ? len2 : (i + maxChunkLength)));
              }

              // pad the end with zeros, but make sure to not forget the extra bytes
              if (extraBytes === 1) {
                tmp = uint8[len - 1];
                output += lookup[tmp >> 2];
                output += lookup[(tmp << 4) & 0x3F];
                output += '==';
              } else if (extraBytes === 2) {
                tmp = (uint8[len - 2] << 8) + (uint8[len - 1]);
                output += lookup[tmp >> 10];
                output += lookup[(tmp >> 4) & 0x3F];
                output += lookup[(tmp << 2) & 0x3F];
                output += '=';
              }

              parts.push(output);

              return parts.join('')
            }

            function read (buffer, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
              var e, m;
              var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
              var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
              var eBias = eMax >> 1;
              var nBits = -7;
              var i = isLE ? (nBytes - 1) : 0;
              var d = isLE ? -1 : 1;
              var s = buffer[offset + i];

              i += d;

              e = s & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
              s >>= (-nBits);
              nBits += eLen;
              for (; nBits > 0; e = e * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

              m = e & ((1 << (-nBits)) - 1);
              e >>= (-nBits);
              nBits += mLen;
              for (; nBits > 0; m = m * 256 + buffer[offset + i], i += d, nBits -= 8) {}

              if (e === 0) {
                e = 1 - eBias;
              } else if (e === eMax) {
                return m ? NaN : ((s ? -1 : 1) * Infinity)
              } else {
                m = m + Math.pow(2, mLen);
                e = e - eBias;
              }
              return (s ? -1 : 1) * m * Math.pow(2, e - mLen)
            }

            function write (buffer, value, offset, isLE, mLen, nBytes) {
              var e, m, c;
              var eLen = nBytes * 8 - mLen - 1;
              var eMax = (1 << eLen) - 1;
              var eBias = eMax >> 1;
              var rt = (mLen === 23 ? Math.pow(2, -24) - Math.pow(2, -77) : 0);
              var i = isLE ? 0 : (nBytes - 1);
              var d = isLE ? 1 : -1;
              var s = value < 0 || (value === 0 && 1 / value < 0) ? 1 : 0;

              value = Math.abs(value);

              if (isNaN(value) || value === Infinity) {
                m = isNaN(value) ? 1 : 0;
                e = eMax;
              } else {
                e = Math.floor(Math.log(value) / Math.LN2);
                if (value * (c = Math.pow(2, -e)) < 1) {
                  e--;
                  c *= 2;
                }
                if (e + eBias >= 1) {
                  value += rt / c;
                } else {
                  value += rt * Math.pow(2, 1 - eBias);
                }
                if (value * c >= 2) {
                  e++;
                  c /= 2;
                }

                if (e + eBias >= eMax) {
                  m = 0;
                  e = eMax;
                } else if (e + eBias >= 1) {
                  m = (value * c - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
                  e = e + eBias;
                } else {
                  m = value * Math.pow(2, eBias - 1) * Math.pow(2, mLen);
                  e = 0;
                }
              }

              for (; mLen >= 8; buffer[offset + i] = m & 0xff, i += d, m /= 256, mLen -= 8) {}

              e = (e << mLen) | m;
              eLen += mLen;
              for (; eLen > 0; buffer[offset + i] = e & 0xff, i += d, e /= 256, eLen -= 8) {}

              buffer[offset + i - d] |= s * 128;
            }

            var toString = {}.toString;

            var isArray = Array.isArray || function (arr) {
              return toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
            };

            var INSPECT_MAX_BYTES = 50;

            /**
             * If `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT`:
             *   === true    Use Uint8Array implementation (fastest)
             *   === false   Use Object implementation (most compatible, even IE6)
             *
             * Browsers that support typed arrays are IE 10+, Firefox 4+, Chrome 7+, Safari 5.1+,
             * Opera 11.6+, iOS 4.2+.
             *
             * Due to various browser bugs, sometimes the Object implementation will be used even
             * when the browser supports typed arrays.
             *
             * Note:
             *
             *   - Firefox 4-29 lacks support for adding new properties to `Uint8Array` instances,
             *     See: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=695438.
             *
             *   - Chrome 9-10 is missing the `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function.
             *
             *   - IE10 has a broken `TypedArray.prototype.subarray` function which returns arrays of
             *     incorrect length in some situations.

             * We detect these buggy browsers and set `Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT` to `false` so they
             * get the Object implementation, which is slower but behaves correctly.
             */
            Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT = global$1.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT !== undefined
              ? global$1.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
              : true;

            /*
             * Export kMaxLength after typed array support is determined.
             */
            kMaxLength();

            function kMaxLength () {
              return Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT
                ? 0x7fffffff
                : 0x3fffffff
            }

            function createBuffer (that, length) {
              if (kMaxLength() < length) {
                throw new RangeError('Invalid typed array length')
              }
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
                that = new Uint8Array(length);
                that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
              } else {
                // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
                if (that === null) {
                  that = new Buffer(length);
                }
                that.length = length;
              }

              return that
            }

            /**
             * The Buffer constructor returns instances of `Uint8Array` that have their
             * prototype changed to `Buffer.prototype`. Furthermore, `Buffer` is a subclass of
             * `Uint8Array`, so the returned instances will have all the node `Buffer` methods
             * and the `Uint8Array` methods. Square bracket notation works as expected -- it
             * returns a single octet.
             *
             * The `Uint8Array` prototype remains unmodified.
             */

            function Buffer (arg, encodingOrOffset, length) {
              if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT && !(this instanceof Buffer)) {
                return new Buffer(arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
              }

              // Common case.
              if (typeof arg === 'number') {
                if (typeof encodingOrOffset === 'string') {
                  throw new Error(
                    'If encoding is specified then the first argument must be a string'
                  )
                }
                return allocUnsafe(this, arg)
              }
              return from(this, arg, encodingOrOffset, length)
            }

            Buffer.poolSize = 8192; // not used by this implementation

            // TODO: Legacy, not needed anymore. Remove in next major version.
            Buffer._augment = function (arr) {
              arr.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
              return arr
            };

            function from (that, value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
              if (typeof value === 'number') {
                throw new TypeError('"value" argument must not be a number')
              }

              if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && value instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
                return fromArrayBuffer(that, value, encodingOrOffset, length)
              }

              if (typeof value === 'string') {
                return fromString(that, value, encodingOrOffset)
              }

              return fromObject(that, value)
            }

            /**
             * Functionally equivalent to Buffer(arg, encoding) but throws a TypeError
             * if value is a number.
             * Buffer.from(str[, encoding])
             * Buffer.from(array)
             * Buffer.from(buffer)
             * Buffer.from(arrayBuffer[, byteOffset[, length]])
             **/
            Buffer.from = function (value, encodingOrOffset, length) {
              return from(null, value, encodingOrOffset, length)
            };

            if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
              Buffer.prototype.__proto__ = Uint8Array.prototype;
              Buffer.__proto__ = Uint8Array;
              if (typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' && Symbol.species &&
                  Buffer[Symbol.species] === Buffer) ;
            }

            function assertSize (size) {
              if (typeof size !== 'number') {
                throw new TypeError('"size" argument must be a number')
              } else if (size < 0) {
                throw new RangeError('"size" argument must not be negative')
              }
            }

            function alloc (that, size, fill, encoding) {
              assertSize(size);
              if (size <= 0) {
                return createBuffer(that, size)
              }
              if (fill !== undefined) {
                // Only pay attention to encoding if it's a string. This
                // prevents accidentally sending in a number that would
                // be interpretted as a start offset.
                return typeof encoding === 'string'
                  ? createBuffer(that, size).fill(fill, encoding)
                  : createBuffer(that, size).fill(fill)
              }
              return createBuffer(that, size)
            }

            /**
             * Creates a new filled Buffer instance.
             * alloc(size[, fill[, encoding]])
             **/
            Buffer.alloc = function (size, fill, encoding) {
              return alloc(null, size, fill, encoding)
            };

            function allocUnsafe (that, size) {
              assertSize(size);
              that = createBuffer(that, size < 0 ? 0 : checked(size) | 0);
              if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                for (var i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
                  that[i] = 0;
                }
              }
              return that
            }

            /**
             * Equivalent to Buffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
             * */
            Buffer.allocUnsafe = function (size) {
              return allocUnsafe(null, size)
            };
            /**
             * Equivalent to SlowBuffer(num), by default creates a non-zero-filled Buffer instance.
             */
            Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow = function (size) {
              return allocUnsafe(null, size)
            };

            function fromString (that, string, encoding) {
              if (typeof encoding !== 'string' || encoding === '') {
                encoding = 'utf8';
              }

              if (!Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
                throw new TypeError('"encoding" must be a valid string encoding')
              }

              var length = byteLength(string, encoding) | 0;
              that = createBuffer(that, length);

              var actual = that.write(string, encoding);

              if (actual !== length) {
                // Writing a hex string, for example, that contains invalid characters will
                // cause everything after the first invalid character to be ignored. (e.g.
                // 'abxxcd' will be treated as 'ab')
                that = that.slice(0, actual);
              }

              return that
            }

            function fromArrayLike (that, array) {
              var length = array.length < 0 ? 0 : checked(array.length) | 0;
              that = createBuffer(that, length);
              for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
                that[i] = array[i] & 255;
              }
              return that
            }

            function fromArrayBuffer (that, array, byteOffset, length) {
              array.byteLength; // this throws if `array` is not a valid ArrayBuffer

              if (byteOffset < 0 || array.byteLength < byteOffset) {
                throw new RangeError('\'offset\' is out of bounds')
              }

              if (array.byteLength < byteOffset + (length || 0)) {
                throw new RangeError('\'length\' is out of bounds')
              }

              if (byteOffset === undefined && length === undefined) {
                array = new Uint8Array(array);
              } else if (length === undefined) {
                array = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset);
              } else {
                array = new Uint8Array(array, byteOffset, length);
              }

              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                // Return an augmented `Uint8Array` instance, for best performance
                that = array;
                that.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
              } else {
                // Fallback: Return an object instance of the Buffer class
                that = fromArrayLike(that, array);
              }
              return that
            }

            function fromObject (that, obj) {
              if (internalIsBuffer(obj)) {
                var len = checked(obj.length) | 0;
                that = createBuffer(that, len);

                if (that.length === 0) {
                  return that
                }

                obj.copy(that, 0, 0, len);
                return that
              }

              if (obj) {
                if ((typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' &&
                    obj.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer) || 'length' in obj) {
                  if (typeof obj.length !== 'number' || isnan(obj.length)) {
                    return createBuffer(that, 0)
                  }
                  return fromArrayLike(that, obj)
                }

                if (obj.type === 'Buffer' && isArray(obj.data)) {
                  return fromArrayLike(that, obj.data)
                }
              }

              throw new TypeError('First argument must be a string, Buffer, ArrayBuffer, Array, or array-like object.')
            }

            function checked (length) {
              // Note: cannot use `length < kMaxLength()` here because that fails when
              // length is NaN (which is otherwise coerced to zero.)
              if (length >= kMaxLength()) {
                throw new RangeError('Attempt to allocate Buffer larger than maximum ' +
                                     'size: 0x' + kMaxLength().toString(16) + ' bytes')
              }
              return length | 0
            }
            Buffer.isBuffer = isBuffer;
            function internalIsBuffer (b) {
              return !!(b != null && b._isBuffer)
            }

            Buffer.compare = function compare (a, b) {
              if (!internalIsBuffer(a) || !internalIsBuffer(b)) {
                throw new TypeError('Arguments must be Buffers')
              }

              if (a === b) return 0

              var x = a.length;
              var y = b.length;

              for (var i = 0, len = Math.min(x, y); i < len; ++i) {
                if (a[i] !== b[i]) {
                  x = a[i];
                  y = b[i];
                  break
                }
              }

              if (x < y) return -1
              if (y < x) return 1
              return 0
            };

            Buffer.isEncoding = function isEncoding (encoding) {
              switch (String(encoding).toLowerCase()) {
                case 'hex':
                case 'utf8':
                case 'utf-8':
                case 'ascii':
                case 'latin1':
                case 'binary':
                case 'base64':
                case 'ucs2':
                case 'ucs-2':
                case 'utf16le':
                case 'utf-16le':
                  return true
                default:
                  return false
              }
            };

            Buffer.concat = function concat (list, length) {
              if (!isArray(list)) {
                throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
              }

              if (list.length === 0) {
                return Buffer.alloc(0)
              }

              var i;
              if (length === undefined) {
                length = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
                  length += list[i].length;
                }
              }

              var buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(length);
              var pos = 0;
              for (i = 0; i < list.length; ++i) {
                var buf = list[i];
                if (!internalIsBuffer(buf)) {
                  throw new TypeError('"list" argument must be an Array of Buffers')
                }
                buf.copy(buffer, pos);
                pos += buf.length;
              }
              return buffer
            };

            function byteLength (string, encoding) {
              if (internalIsBuffer(string)) {
                return string.length
              }
              if (typeof ArrayBuffer !== 'undefined' && typeof ArrayBuffer.isView === 'function' &&
                  (ArrayBuffer.isView(string) || string instanceof ArrayBuffer)) {
                return string.byteLength
              }
              if (typeof string !== 'string') {
                string = '' + string;
              }

              var len = string.length;
              if (len === 0) return 0

              // Use a for loop to avoid recursion
              var loweredCase = false;
              for (;;) {
                switch (encoding) {
                  case 'ascii':
                  case 'latin1':
                  case 'binary':
                    return len
                  case 'utf8':
                  case 'utf-8':
                  case undefined:
                    return utf8ToBytes(string).length
                  case 'ucs2':
                  case 'ucs-2':
                  case 'utf16le':
                  case 'utf-16le':
                    return len * 2
                  case 'hex':
                    return len >>> 1
                  case 'base64':
                    return base64ToBytes(string).length
                  default:
                    if (loweredCase) return utf8ToBytes(string).length // assume utf8
                    encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase();
                    loweredCase = true;
                }
              }
            }
            Buffer.byteLength = byteLength;

            function slowToString (encoding, start, end) {
              var loweredCase = false;

              // No need to verify that "this.length <= MAX_UINT32" since it's a read-only
              // property of a typed array.

              // This behaves neither like String nor Uint8Array in that we set start/end
              // to their upper/lower bounds if the value passed is out of range.
              // undefined is handled specially as per ECMA-262 6th Edition,
              // Section 13.3.3.7 Runtime Semantics: KeyedBindingInitialization.
              if (start === undefined || start < 0) {
                start = 0;
              }
              // Return early if start > this.length. Done here to prevent potential uint32
              // coercion fail below.
              if (start > this.length) {
                return ''
              }

              if (end === undefined || end > this.length) {
                end = this.length;
              }

              if (end <= 0) {
                return ''
              }

              // Force coersion to uint32. This will also coerce falsey/NaN values to 0.
              end >>>= 0;
              start >>>= 0;

              if (end <= start) {
                return ''
              }

              if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8';

              while (true) {
                switch (encoding) {
                  case 'hex':
                    return hexSlice(this, start, end)

                  case 'utf8':
                  case 'utf-8':
                    return utf8Slice(this, start, end)

                  case 'ascii':
                    return asciiSlice(this, start, end)

                  case 'latin1':
                  case 'binary':
                    return latin1Slice(this, start, end)

                  case 'base64':
                    return base64Slice(this, start, end)

                  case 'ucs2':
                  case 'ucs-2':
                  case 'utf16le':
                  case 'utf-16le':
                    return utf16leSlice(this, start, end)

                  default:
                    if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
                    encoding = (encoding + '').toLowerCase();
                    loweredCase = true;
                }
              }
            }

            // The property is used by `Buffer.isBuffer` and `is-buffer` (in Safari 5-7) to detect
            // Buffer instances.
            Buffer.prototype._isBuffer = true;

            function swap (b, n, m) {
              var i = b[n];
              b[n] = b[m];
              b[m] = i;
            }

            Buffer.prototype.swap16 = function swap16 () {
              var len = this.length;
              if (len % 2 !== 0) {
                throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 16-bits')
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 2) {
                swap(this, i, i + 1);
              }
              return this
            };

            Buffer.prototype.swap32 = function swap32 () {
              var len = this.length;
              if (len % 4 !== 0) {
                throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 32-bits')
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 4) {
                swap(this, i, i + 3);
                swap(this, i + 1, i + 2);
              }
              return this
            };

            Buffer.prototype.swap64 = function swap64 () {
              var len = this.length;
              if (len % 8 !== 0) {
                throw new RangeError('Buffer size must be a multiple of 64-bits')
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < len; i += 8) {
                swap(this, i, i + 7);
                swap(this, i + 1, i + 6);
                swap(this, i + 2, i + 5);
                swap(this, i + 3, i + 4);
              }
              return this
            };

            Buffer.prototype.toString = function toString () {
              var length = this.length | 0;
              if (length === 0) return ''
              if (arguments.length === 0) return utf8Slice(this, 0, length)
              return slowToString.apply(this, arguments)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.equals = function equals (b) {
              if (!internalIsBuffer(b)) throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
              if (this === b) return true
              return Buffer.compare(this, b) === 0
            };

            Buffer.prototype.inspect = function inspect () {
              var str = '';
              var max = INSPECT_MAX_BYTES;
              if (this.length > 0) {
                str = this.toString('hex', 0, max).match(/.{2}/g).join(' ');
                if (this.length > max) str += ' ... ';
              }
              return '<Buffer ' + str + '>'
            };

            Buffer.prototype.compare = function compare (target, start, end, thisStart, thisEnd) {
              if (!internalIsBuffer(target)) {
                throw new TypeError('Argument must be a Buffer')
              }

              if (start === undefined) {
                start = 0;
              }
              if (end === undefined) {
                end = target ? target.length : 0;
              }
              if (thisStart === undefined) {
                thisStart = 0;
              }
              if (thisEnd === undefined) {
                thisEnd = this.length;
              }

              if (start < 0 || end > target.length || thisStart < 0 || thisEnd > this.length) {
                throw new RangeError('out of range index')
              }

              if (thisStart >= thisEnd && start >= end) {
                return 0
              }
              if (thisStart >= thisEnd) {
                return -1
              }
              if (start >= end) {
                return 1
              }

              start >>>= 0;
              end >>>= 0;
              thisStart >>>= 0;
              thisEnd >>>= 0;

              if (this === target) return 0

              var x = thisEnd - thisStart;
              var y = end - start;
              var len = Math.min(x, y);

              var thisCopy = this.slice(thisStart, thisEnd);
              var targetCopy = target.slice(start, end);

              for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
                if (thisCopy[i] !== targetCopy[i]) {
                  x = thisCopy[i];
                  y = targetCopy[i];
                  break
                }
              }

              if (x < y) return -1
              if (y < x) return 1
              return 0
            };

            // Finds either the first index of `val` in `buffer` at offset >= `byteOffset`,
            // OR the last index of `val` in `buffer` at offset <= `byteOffset`.
            //
            // Arguments:
            // - buffer - a Buffer to search
            // - val - a string, Buffer, or number
            // - byteOffset - an index into `buffer`; will be clamped to an int32
            // - encoding - an optional encoding, relevant is val is a string
            // - dir - true for indexOf, false for lastIndexOf
            function bidirectionalIndexOf (buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
              // Empty buffer means no match
              if (buffer.length === 0) return -1

              // Normalize byteOffset
              if (typeof byteOffset === 'string') {
                encoding = byteOffset;
                byteOffset = 0;
              } else if (byteOffset > 0x7fffffff) {
                byteOffset = 0x7fffffff;
              } else if (byteOffset < -2147483648) {
                byteOffset = -2147483648;
              }
              byteOffset = +byteOffset;  // Coerce to Number.
              if (isNaN(byteOffset)) {
                // byteOffset: it it's undefined, null, NaN, "foo", etc, search whole buffer
                byteOffset = dir ? 0 : (buffer.length - 1);
              }

              // Normalize byteOffset: negative offsets start from the end of the buffer
              if (byteOffset < 0) byteOffset = buffer.length + byteOffset;
              if (byteOffset >= buffer.length) {
                if (dir) return -1
                else byteOffset = buffer.length - 1;
              } else if (byteOffset < 0) {
                if (dir) byteOffset = 0;
                else return -1
              }

              // Normalize val
              if (typeof val === 'string') {
                val = Buffer.from(val, encoding);
              }

              // Finally, search either indexOf (if dir is true) or lastIndexOf
              if (internalIsBuffer(val)) {
                // Special case: looking for empty string/buffer always fails
                if (val.length === 0) {
                  return -1
                }
                return arrayIndexOf(buffer, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir)
              } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
                val = val & 0xFF; // Search for a byte value [0-255]
                if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT &&
                    typeof Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf === 'function') {
                  if (dir) {
                    return Uint8Array.prototype.indexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset)
                  } else {
                    return Uint8Array.prototype.lastIndexOf.call(buffer, val, byteOffset)
                  }
                }
                return arrayIndexOf(buffer, [ val ], byteOffset, encoding, dir)
              }

              throw new TypeError('val must be string, number or Buffer')
            }

            function arrayIndexOf (arr, val, byteOffset, encoding, dir) {
              var indexSize = 1;
              var arrLength = arr.length;
              var valLength = val.length;

              if (encoding !== undefined) {
                encoding = String(encoding).toLowerCase();
                if (encoding === 'ucs2' || encoding === 'ucs-2' ||
                    encoding === 'utf16le' || encoding === 'utf-16le') {
                  if (arr.length < 2 || val.length < 2) {
                    return -1
                  }
                  indexSize = 2;
                  arrLength /= 2;
                  valLength /= 2;
                  byteOffset /= 2;
                }
              }

              function read (buf, i) {
                if (indexSize === 1) {
                  return buf[i]
                } else {
                  return buf.readUInt16BE(i * indexSize)
                }
              }

              var i;
              if (dir) {
                var foundIndex = -1;
                for (i = byteOffset; i < arrLength; i++) {
                  if (read(arr, i) === read(val, foundIndex === -1 ? 0 : i - foundIndex)) {
                    if (foundIndex === -1) foundIndex = i;
                    if (i - foundIndex + 1 === valLength) return foundIndex * indexSize
                  } else {
                    if (foundIndex !== -1) i -= i - foundIndex;
                    foundIndex = -1;
                  }
                }
              } else {
                if (byteOffset + valLength > arrLength) byteOffset = arrLength - valLength;
                for (i = byteOffset; i >= 0; i--) {
                  var found = true;
                  for (var j = 0; j < valLength; j++) {
                    if (read(arr, i + j) !== read(val, j)) {
                      found = false;
                      break
                    }
                  }
                  if (found) return i
                }
              }

              return -1
            }

            Buffer.prototype.includes = function includes (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
              return this.indexOf(val, byteOffset, encoding) !== -1
            };

            Buffer.prototype.indexOf = function indexOf (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
              return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, true)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.lastIndexOf = function lastIndexOf (val, byteOffset, encoding) {
              return bidirectionalIndexOf(this, val, byteOffset, encoding, false)
            };

            function hexWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
              offset = Number(offset) || 0;
              var remaining = buf.length - offset;
              if (!length) {
                length = remaining;
              } else {
                length = Number(length);
                if (length > remaining) {
                  length = remaining;
                }
              }

              // must be an even number of digits
              var strLen = string.length;
              if (strLen % 2 !== 0) throw new TypeError('Invalid hex string')

              if (length > strLen / 2) {
                length = strLen / 2;
              }
              for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
                var parsed = parseInt(string.substr(i * 2, 2), 16);
                if (isNaN(parsed)) return i
                buf[offset + i] = parsed;
              }
              return i
            }

            function utf8Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
              return blitBuffer(utf8ToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
            }

            function asciiWrite (buf, string, offset, length) {
              return blitBuffer(asciiToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
            }

            function latin1Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
              return asciiWrite(buf, string, offset, length)
            }

            function base64Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
              return blitBuffer(base64ToBytes(string), buf, offset, length)
            }

            function ucs2Write (buf, string, offset, length) {
              return blitBuffer(utf16leToBytes(string, buf.length - offset), buf, offset, length)
            }

            Buffer.prototype.write = function write (string, offset, length, encoding) {
              // Buffer#write(string)
              if (offset === undefined) {
                encoding = 'utf8';
                length = this.length;
                offset = 0;
              // Buffer#write(string, encoding)
              } else if (length === undefined && typeof offset === 'string') {
                encoding = offset;
                length = this.length;
                offset = 0;
              // Buffer#write(string, offset[, length][, encoding])
              } else if (isFinite(offset)) {
                offset = offset | 0;
                if (isFinite(length)) {
                  length = length | 0;
                  if (encoding === undefined) encoding = 'utf8';
                } else {
                  encoding = length;
                  length = undefined;
                }
              // legacy write(string, encoding, offset, length) - remove in v0.13
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  'Buffer.write(string, encoding, offset[, length]) is no longer supported'
                )
              }

              var remaining = this.length - offset;
              if (length === undefined || length > remaining) length = remaining;

              if ((string.length > 0 && (length < 0 || offset < 0)) || offset > this.length) {
                throw new RangeError('Attempt to write outside buffer bounds')
              }

              if (!encoding) encoding = 'utf8';

              var loweredCase = false;
              for (;;) {
                switch (encoding) {
                  case 'hex':
                    return hexWrite(this, string, offset, length)

                  case 'utf8':
                  case 'utf-8':
                    return utf8Write(this, string, offset, length)

                  case 'ascii':
                    return asciiWrite(this, string, offset, length)

                  case 'latin1':
                  case 'binary':
                    return latin1Write(this, string, offset, length)

                  case 'base64':
                    // Warning: maxLength not taken into account in base64Write
                    return base64Write(this, string, offset, length)

                  case 'ucs2':
                  case 'ucs-2':
                  case 'utf16le':
                  case 'utf-16le':
                    return ucs2Write(this, string, offset, length)

                  default:
                    if (loweredCase) throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
                    encoding = ('' + encoding).toLowerCase();
                    loweredCase = true;
                }
              }
            };

            Buffer.prototype.toJSON = function toJSON () {
              return {
                type: 'Buffer',
                data: Array.prototype.slice.call(this._arr || this, 0)
              }
            };

            function base64Slice (buf, start, end) {
              if (start === 0 && end === buf.length) {
                return fromByteArray(buf)
              } else {
                return fromByteArray(buf.slice(start, end))
              }
            }

            function utf8Slice (buf, start, end) {
              end = Math.min(buf.length, end);
              var res = [];

              var i = start;
              while (i < end) {
                var firstByte = buf[i];
                var codePoint = null;
                var bytesPerSequence = (firstByte > 0xEF) ? 4
                  : (firstByte > 0xDF) ? 3
                  : (firstByte > 0xBF) ? 2
                  : 1;

                if (i + bytesPerSequence <= end) {
                  var secondByte, thirdByte, fourthByte, tempCodePoint;

                  switch (bytesPerSequence) {
                    case 1:
                      if (firstByte < 0x80) {
                        codePoint = firstByte;
                      }
                      break
                    case 2:
                      secondByte = buf[i + 1];
                      if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0x1F) << 0x6 | (secondByte & 0x3F);
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0x7F) {
                          codePoint = tempCodePoint;
                        }
                      }
                      break
                    case 3:
                      secondByte = buf[i + 1];
                      thirdByte = buf[i + 2];
                      if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0xC | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (thirdByte & 0x3F);
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0x7FF && (tempCodePoint < 0xD800 || tempCodePoint > 0xDFFF)) {
                          codePoint = tempCodePoint;
                        }
                      }
                      break
                    case 4:
                      secondByte = buf[i + 1];
                      thirdByte = buf[i + 2];
                      fourthByte = buf[i + 3];
                      if ((secondByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (thirdByte & 0xC0) === 0x80 && (fourthByte & 0xC0) === 0x80) {
                        tempCodePoint = (firstByte & 0xF) << 0x12 | (secondByte & 0x3F) << 0xC | (thirdByte & 0x3F) << 0x6 | (fourthByte & 0x3F);
                        if (tempCodePoint > 0xFFFF && tempCodePoint < 0x110000) {
                          codePoint = tempCodePoint;
                        }
                      }
                  }
                }

                if (codePoint === null) {
                  // we did not generate a valid codePoint so insert a
                  // replacement char (U+FFFD) and advance only 1 byte
                  codePoint = 0xFFFD;
                  bytesPerSequence = 1;
                } else if (codePoint > 0xFFFF) {
                  // encode to utf16 (surrogate pair dance)
                  codePoint -= 0x10000;
                  res.push(codePoint >>> 10 & 0x3FF | 0xD800);
                  codePoint = 0xDC00 | codePoint & 0x3FF;
                }

                res.push(codePoint);
                i += bytesPerSequence;
              }

              return decodeCodePointsArray(res)
            }

            // Based on http://stackoverflow.com/a/22747272/680742, the browser with
            // the lowest limit is Chrome, with 0x10000 args.
            // We go 1 magnitude less, for safety
            var MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH = 0x1000;

            function decodeCodePointsArray (codePoints) {
              var len = codePoints.length;
              if (len <= MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH) {
                return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, codePoints) // avoid extra slice()
              }

              // Decode in chunks to avoid "call stack size exceeded".
              var res = '';
              var i = 0;
              while (i < len) {
                res += String.fromCharCode.apply(
                  String,
                  codePoints.slice(i, i += MAX_ARGUMENTS_LENGTH)
                );
              }
              return res
            }

            function asciiSlice (buf, start, end) {
              var ret = '';
              end = Math.min(buf.length, end);

              for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
                ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i] & 0x7F);
              }
              return ret
            }

            function latin1Slice (buf, start, end) {
              var ret = '';
              end = Math.min(buf.length, end);

              for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
                ret += String.fromCharCode(buf[i]);
              }
              return ret
            }

            function hexSlice (buf, start, end) {
              var len = buf.length;

              if (!start || start < 0) start = 0;
              if (!end || end < 0 || end > len) end = len;

              var out = '';
              for (var i = start; i < end; ++i) {
                out += toHex(buf[i]);
              }
              return out
            }

            function utf16leSlice (buf, start, end) {
              var bytes = buf.slice(start, end);
              var res = '';
              for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 2) {
                res += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i] + bytes[i + 1] * 256);
              }
              return res
            }

            Buffer.prototype.slice = function slice (start, end) {
              var len = this.length;
              start = ~~start;
              end = end === undefined ? len : ~~end;

              if (start < 0) {
                start += len;
                if (start < 0) start = 0;
              } else if (start > len) {
                start = len;
              }

              if (end < 0) {
                end += len;
                if (end < 0) end = 0;
              } else if (end > len) {
                end = len;
              }

              if (end < start) end = start;

              var newBuf;
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                newBuf = this.subarray(start, end);
                newBuf.__proto__ = Buffer.prototype;
              } else {
                var sliceLen = end - start;
                newBuf = new Buffer(sliceLen, undefined);
                for (var i = 0; i < sliceLen; ++i) {
                  newBuf[i] = this[i + start];
                }
              }

              return newBuf
            };

            /*
             * Need to make sure that buffer isn't trying to write out of bounds.
             */
            function checkOffset (offset, ext, length) {
              if ((offset % 1) !== 0 || offset < 0) throw new RangeError('offset is not uint')
              if (offset + ext > length) throw new RangeError('Trying to access beyond buffer length')
            }

            Buffer.prototype.readUIntLE = function readUIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              offset = offset | 0;
              byteLength = byteLength | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

              var val = this[offset];
              var mul = 1;
              var i = 0;
              while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                val += this[offset + i] * mul;
              }

              return val
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readUIntBE = function readUIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              offset = offset | 0;
              byteLength = byteLength | 0;
              if (!noAssert) {
                checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);
              }

              var val = this[offset + --byteLength];
              var mul = 1;
              while (byteLength > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                val += this[offset + --byteLength] * mul;
              }

              return val
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readUInt8 = function readUInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length);
              return this[offset]
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readUInt16LE = function readUInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
              return this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readUInt16BE = function readUInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
              return (this[offset] << 8) | this[offset + 1]
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readUInt32LE = function readUInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

              return ((this[offset]) |
                  (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
                  (this[offset + 2] << 16)) +
                  (this[offset + 3] * 0x1000000)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readUInt32BE = function readUInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

              return (this[offset] * 0x1000000) +
                ((this[offset + 1] << 16) |
                (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
                this[offset + 3])
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readIntLE = function readIntLE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              offset = offset | 0;
              byteLength = byteLength | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

              var val = this[offset];
              var mul = 1;
              var i = 0;
              while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                val += this[offset + i] * mul;
              }
              mul *= 0x80;

              if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength);

              return val
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readIntBE = function readIntBE (offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              offset = offset | 0;
              byteLength = byteLength | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, byteLength, this.length);

              var i = byteLength;
              var mul = 1;
              var val = this[offset + --i];
              while (i > 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                val += this[offset + --i] * mul;
              }
              mul *= 0x80;

              if (val >= mul) val -= Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength);

              return val
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readInt8 = function readInt8 (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 1, this.length);
              if (!(this[offset] & 0x80)) return (this[offset])
              return ((0xff - this[offset] + 1) * -1)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readInt16LE = function readInt16LE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
              var val = this[offset] | (this[offset + 1] << 8);
              return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readInt16BE = function readInt16BE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 2, this.length);
              var val = this[offset + 1] | (this[offset] << 8);
              return (val & 0x8000) ? val | 0xFFFF0000 : val
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readInt32LE = function readInt32LE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

              return (this[offset]) |
                (this[offset + 1] << 8) |
                (this[offset + 2] << 16) |
                (this[offset + 3] << 24)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readInt32BE = function readInt32BE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);

              return (this[offset] << 24) |
                (this[offset + 1] << 16) |
                (this[offset + 2] << 8) |
                (this[offset + 3])
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readFloatLE = function readFloatLE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);
              return read(this, offset, true, 23, 4)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readFloatBE = function readFloatBE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 4, this.length);
              return read(this, offset, false, 23, 4)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readDoubleLE = function readDoubleLE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length);
              return read(this, offset, true, 52, 8)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.readDoubleBE = function readDoubleBE (offset, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) checkOffset(offset, 8, this.length);
              return read(this, offset, false, 52, 8)
            };

            function checkInt (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
              if (!internalIsBuffer(buf)) throw new TypeError('"buffer" argument must be a Buffer instance')
              if (value > max || value < min) throw new RangeError('"value" argument is out of bounds')
              if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
            }

            Buffer.prototype.writeUIntLE = function writeUIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              byteLength = byteLength | 0;
              if (!noAssert) {
                var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1;
                checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0);
              }

              var mul = 1;
              var i = 0;
              this[offset] = value & 0xFF;
              while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF;
              }

              return offset + byteLength
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeUIntBE = function writeUIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              byteLength = byteLength | 0;
              if (!noAssert) {
                var maxBytes = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength) - 1;
                checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, maxBytes, 0);
              }

              var i = byteLength - 1;
              var mul = 1;
              this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF;
              while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                this[offset + i] = (value / mul) & 0xFF;
              }

              return offset + byteLength
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeUInt8 = function writeUInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0xff, 0);
              if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value);
              this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
              return offset + 1
            };

            function objectWriteUInt16 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
              if (value < 0) value = 0xffff + value + 1;
              for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 2); i < j; ++i) {
                buf[offset + i] = (value & (0xff << (8 * (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i)))) >>>
                  (littleEndian ? i : 1 - i) * 8;
              }
            }

            Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16LE = function writeUInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
                this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true);
              }
              return offset + 2
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeUInt16BE = function writeUInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0xffff, 0);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value >>> 8);
                this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false);
              }
              return offset + 2
            };

            function objectWriteUInt32 (buf, value, offset, littleEndian) {
              if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1;
              for (var i = 0, j = Math.min(buf.length - offset, 4); i < j; ++i) {
                buf[offset + i] = (value >>> (littleEndian ? i : 3 - i) * 8) & 0xff;
              }
            }

            Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32LE = function writeUInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24);
                this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16);
                this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
                this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true);
              }
              return offset + 4
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeUInt32BE = function writeUInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0xffffffff, 0);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value >>> 24);
                this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16);
                this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8);
                this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false);
              }
              return offset + 4
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeIntLE = function writeIntLE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) {
                var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1);

                checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit);
              }

              var i = 0;
              var mul = 1;
              var sub = 0;
              this[offset] = value & 0xFF;
              while (++i < byteLength && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i - 1] !== 0) {
                  sub = 1;
                }
                this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF;
              }

              return offset + byteLength
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeIntBE = function writeIntBE (value, offset, byteLength, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) {
                var limit = Math.pow(2, 8 * byteLength - 1);

                checkInt(this, value, offset, byteLength, limit - 1, -limit);
              }

              var i = byteLength - 1;
              var mul = 1;
              var sub = 0;
              this[offset + i] = value & 0xFF;
              while (--i >= 0 && (mul *= 0x100)) {
                if (value < 0 && sub === 0 && this[offset + i + 1] !== 0) {
                  sub = 1;
                }
                this[offset + i] = ((value / mul) >> 0) - sub & 0xFF;
              }

              return offset + byteLength
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeInt8 = function writeInt8 (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 1, 0x7f, -128);
              if (!Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) value = Math.floor(value);
              if (value < 0) value = 0xff + value + 1;
              this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
              return offset + 1
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeInt16LE = function writeInt16LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -32768);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
                this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, true);
              }
              return offset + 2
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeInt16BE = function writeInt16BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 2, 0x7fff, -32768);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value >>> 8);
                this[offset + 1] = (value & 0xff);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt16(this, value, offset, false);
              }
              return offset + 2
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeInt32LE = function writeInt32LE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -2147483648);
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value & 0xff);
                this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 8);
                this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 16);
                this[offset + 3] = (value >>> 24);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, true);
              }
              return offset + 4
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeInt32BE = function writeInt32BE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              value = +value;
              offset = offset | 0;
              if (!noAssert) checkInt(this, value, offset, 4, 0x7fffffff, -2147483648);
              if (value < 0) value = 0xffffffff + value + 1;
              if (Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                this[offset] = (value >>> 24);
                this[offset + 1] = (value >>> 16);
                this[offset + 2] = (value >>> 8);
                this[offset + 3] = (value & 0xff);
              } else {
                objectWriteUInt32(this, value, offset, false);
              }
              return offset + 4
            };

            function checkIEEE754 (buf, value, offset, ext, max, min) {
              if (offset + ext > buf.length) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
              if (offset < 0) throw new RangeError('Index out of range')
            }

            function writeFloat (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) {
                checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 4);
              }
              write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 23, 4);
              return offset + 4
            }

            Buffer.prototype.writeFloatLE = function writeFloatLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              return writeFloat(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeFloatBE = function writeFloatBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              return writeFloat(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
            };

            function writeDouble (buf, value, offset, littleEndian, noAssert) {
              if (!noAssert) {
                checkIEEE754(buf, value, offset, 8);
              }
              write(buf, value, offset, littleEndian, 52, 8);
              return offset + 8
            }

            Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleLE = function writeDoubleLE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              return writeDouble(this, value, offset, true, noAssert)
            };

            Buffer.prototype.writeDoubleBE = function writeDoubleBE (value, offset, noAssert) {
              return writeDouble(this, value, offset, false, noAssert)
            };

            // copy(targetBuffer, targetStart=0, sourceStart=0, sourceEnd=buffer.length)
            Buffer.prototype.copy = function copy (target, targetStart, start, end) {
              if (!start) start = 0;
              if (!end && end !== 0) end = this.length;
              if (targetStart >= target.length) targetStart = target.length;
              if (!targetStart) targetStart = 0;
              if (end > 0 && end < start) end = start;

              // Copy 0 bytes; we're done
              if (end === start) return 0
              if (target.length === 0 || this.length === 0) return 0

              // Fatal error conditions
              if (targetStart < 0) {
                throw new RangeError('targetStart out of bounds')
              }
              if (start < 0 || start >= this.length) throw new RangeError('sourceStart out of bounds')
              if (end < 0) throw new RangeError('sourceEnd out of bounds')

              // Are we oob?
              if (end > this.length) end = this.length;
              if (target.length - targetStart < end - start) {
                end = target.length - targetStart + start;
              }

              var len = end - start;
              var i;

              if (this === target && start < targetStart && targetStart < end) {
                // descending copy from end
                for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                  target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start];
                }
              } else if (len < 1000 || !Buffer.TYPED_ARRAY_SUPPORT) {
                // ascending copy from start
                for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
                  target[i + targetStart] = this[i + start];
                }
              } else {
                Uint8Array.prototype.set.call(
                  target,
                  this.subarray(start, start + len),
                  targetStart
                );
              }

              return len
            };

            // Usage:
            //    buffer.fill(number[, offset[, end]])
            //    buffer.fill(buffer[, offset[, end]])
            //    buffer.fill(string[, offset[, end]][, encoding])
            Buffer.prototype.fill = function fill (val, start, end, encoding) {
              // Handle string cases:
              if (typeof val === 'string') {
                if (typeof start === 'string') {
                  encoding = start;
                  start = 0;
                  end = this.length;
                } else if (typeof end === 'string') {
                  encoding = end;
                  end = this.length;
                }
                if (val.length === 1) {
                  var code = val.charCodeAt(0);
                  if (code < 256) {
                    val = code;
                  }
                }
                if (encoding !== undefined && typeof encoding !== 'string') {
                  throw new TypeError('encoding must be a string')
                }
                if (typeof encoding === 'string' && !Buffer.isEncoding(encoding)) {
                  throw new TypeError('Unknown encoding: ' + encoding)
                }
              } else if (typeof val === 'number') {
                val = val & 255;
              }

              // Invalid ranges are not set to a default, so can range check early.
              if (start < 0 || this.length < start || this.length < end) {
                throw new RangeError('Out of range index')
              }

              if (end <= start) {
                return this
              }

              start = start >>> 0;
              end = end === undefined ? this.length : end >>> 0;

              if (!val) val = 0;

              var i;
              if (typeof val === 'number') {
                for (i = start; i < end; ++i) {
                  this[i] = val;
                }
              } else {
                var bytes = internalIsBuffer(val)
                  ? val
                  : utf8ToBytes(new Buffer(val, encoding).toString());
                var len = bytes.length;
                for (i = 0; i < end - start; ++i) {
                  this[i + start] = bytes[i % len];
                }
              }

              return this
            };

            // HELPER FUNCTIONS
            // ================

            var INVALID_BASE64_RE = /[^+\/0-9A-Za-z-_]/g;

            function base64clean (str) {
              // Node strips out invalid characters like \n and \t from the string, base64-js does not
              str = stringtrim(str).replace(INVALID_BASE64_RE, '');
              // Node converts strings with length < 2 to ''
              if (str.length < 2) return ''
              // Node allows for non-padded base64 strings (missing trailing ===), base64-js does not
              while (str.length % 4 !== 0) {
                str = str + '=';
              }
              return str
            }

            function stringtrim (str) {
              if (str.trim) return str.trim()
              return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, '')
            }

            function toHex (n) {
              if (n < 16) return '0' + n.toString(16)
              return n.toString(16)
            }

            function utf8ToBytes (string, units) {
              units = units || Infinity;
              var codePoint;
              var length = string.length;
              var leadSurrogate = null;
              var bytes = [];

              for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
                codePoint = string.charCodeAt(i);

                // is surrogate component
                if (codePoint > 0xD7FF && codePoint < 0xE000) {
                  // last char was a lead
                  if (!leadSurrogate) {
                    // no lead yet
                    if (codePoint > 0xDBFF) {
                      // unexpected trail
                      if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                      continue
                    } else if (i + 1 === length) {
                      // unpaired lead
                      if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                      continue
                    }

                    // valid lead
                    leadSurrogate = codePoint;

                    continue
                  }

                  // 2 leads in a row
                  if (codePoint < 0xDC00) {
                    if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                    leadSurrogate = codePoint;
                    continue
                  }

                  // valid surrogate pair
                  codePoint = (leadSurrogate - 0xD800 << 10 | codePoint - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
                } else if (leadSurrogate) {
                  // valid bmp char, but last char was a lead
                  if ((units -= 3) > -1) bytes.push(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD);
                }

                leadSurrogate = null;

                // encode utf8
                if (codePoint < 0x80) {
                  if ((units -= 1) < 0) break
                  bytes.push(codePoint);
                } else if (codePoint < 0x800) {
                  if ((units -= 2) < 0) break
                  bytes.push(
                    codePoint >> 0x6 | 0xC0,
                    codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
                  );
                } else if (codePoint < 0x10000) {
                  if ((units -= 3) < 0) break
                  bytes.push(
                    codePoint >> 0xC | 0xE0,
                    codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
                    codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
                  );
                } else if (codePoint < 0x110000) {
                  if ((units -= 4) < 0) break
                  bytes.push(
                    codePoint >> 0x12 | 0xF0,
                    codePoint >> 0xC & 0x3F | 0x80,
                    codePoint >> 0x6 & 0x3F | 0x80,
                    codePoint & 0x3F | 0x80
                  );
                } else {
                  throw new Error('Invalid code point')
                }
              }

              return bytes
            }

            function asciiToBytes (str) {
              var byteArray = [];
              for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
                // Node's code seems to be doing this and not & 0x7F..
                byteArray.push(str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF);
              }
              return byteArray
            }

            function utf16leToBytes (str, units) {
              var c, hi, lo;
              var byteArray = [];
              for (var i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
                if ((units -= 2) < 0) break

                c = str.charCodeAt(i);
                hi = c >> 8;
                lo = c % 256;
                byteArray.push(lo);
                byteArray.push(hi);
              }

              return byteArray
            }


            function base64ToBytes (str) {
              return toByteArray(base64clean(str))
            }

            function blitBuffer (src, dst, offset, length) {
              for (var i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
                if ((i + offset >= dst.length) || (i >= src.length)) break
                dst[i + offset] = src[i];
              }
              return i
            }

            function isnan (val) {
              return val !== val // eslint-disable-line no-self-compare
            }


            // the following is from is-buffer, also by Feross Aboukhadijeh and with same lisence
            // The _isBuffer check is for Safari 5-7 support, because it's missing
            // Object.prototype.constructor. Remove this eventually
            function isBuffer(obj) {
              return obj != null && (!!obj._isBuffer || isFastBuffer(obj) || isSlowBuffer(obj))
            }

            function isFastBuffer (obj) {
              return !!obj.constructor && typeof obj.constructor.isBuffer === 'function' && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)
            }

            // For Node v0.10 support. Remove this eventually.
            function isSlowBuffer (obj) {
              return typeof obj.readFloatLE === 'function' && typeof obj.slice === 'function' && isFastBuffer(obj.slice(0, 0))
            }

            class CsvError extends Error {
              constructor(code, message, options, ...contexts) {
                if (Array.isArray(message)) message = message.join(" ").trim();
                super(message);
                if (Error.captureStackTrace !== undefined) {
                  Error.captureStackTrace(this, CsvError);
                }
                this.code = code;
                for (const context of contexts) {
                  for (const key in context) {
                    const value = context[key];
                    this[key] = isBuffer(value)
                      ? value.toString(options.encoding)
                      : value == null
                        ? value
                        : JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(value));
                  }
                }
              }
            }

            const is_object = function (obj) {
              return typeof obj === "object" && obj !== null && !Array.isArray(obj);
            };

            const normalize_columns_array = function (columns) {
              const normalizedColumns = [];
              for (let i = 0, l = columns.length; i < l; i++) {
                const column = columns[i];
                if (column === undefined || column === null || column === false) {
                  normalizedColumns[i] = { disabled: true };
                } else if (typeof column === "string") {
                  normalizedColumns[i] = { name: column };
                } else if (is_object(column)) {
                  if (typeof column.name !== "string") {
                    throw new CsvError("CSV_OPTION_COLUMNS_MISSING_NAME", [
                      "Option columns missing name:",
                      `property "name" is required at position ${i}`,
                      "when column is an object literal",
                    ]);
                  }
                  normalizedColumns[i] = column;
                } else {
                  throw new CsvError("CSV_INVALID_COLUMN_DEFINITION", [
                    "Invalid column definition:",
                    "expect a string or a literal object,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(column)} at position ${i}`,
                  ]);
                }
              }
              return normalizedColumns;
            };

            class ResizeableBuffer {
              constructor(size = 100) {
                this.size = size;
                this.length = 0;
                this.buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(size);
              }
              prepend(val) {
                if (isBuffer(val)) {
                  const length = this.length + val.length;
                  if (length >= this.size) {
                    this.resize();
                    if (length >= this.size) {
                      throw Error("INVALID_BUFFER_STATE");
                    }
                  }
                  const buf = this.buf;
                  this.buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(this.size);
                  val.copy(this.buf, 0);
                  buf.copy(this.buf, val.length);
                  this.length += val.length;
                } else {
                  const length = this.length++;
                  if (length === this.size) {
                    this.resize();
                  }
                  const buf = this.clone();
                  this.buf[0] = val;
                  buf.copy(this.buf, 1, 0, length);
                }
              }
              append(val) {
                const length = this.length++;
                if (length === this.size) {
                  this.resize();
                }
                this.buf[length] = val;
              }
              clone() {
                return Buffer.from(this.buf.slice(0, this.length));
              }
              resize() {
                const length = this.length;
                this.size = this.size * 2;
                const buf = Buffer.allocUnsafe(this.size);
                this.buf.copy(buf, 0, 0, length);
                this.buf = buf;
              }
              toString(encoding) {
                if (encoding) {
                  return this.buf.slice(0, this.length).toString(encoding);
                } else {
                  return Uint8Array.prototype.slice.call(this.buf.slice(0, this.length));
                }
              }
              toJSON() {
                return this.toString("utf8");
              }
              reset() {
                this.length = 0;
              }
            }

            // white space characters
            // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitespace_character
            // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions/Character_Classes#Types
            // \f\n\r\t\v\u00a0\u1680\u2000-\u200a\u2028\u2029\u202f\u205f\u3000\ufeff
            const np = 12;
            const cr$1 = 13; // `\r`, carriage return, 0x0D in hexadécimal, 13 in decimal
            const nl$1 = 10; // `\n`, newline, 0x0A in hexadecimal, 10 in decimal
            const space = 32;
            const tab = 9;

            const init_state = function (options) {
              return {
                bomSkipped: false,
                bufBytesStart: 0,
                castField: options.cast_function,
                commenting: false,
                // Current error encountered by a record
                error: undefined,
                enabled: options.from_line === 1,
                escaping: false,
                escapeIsQuote:
                  isBuffer(options.escape) &&
                  isBuffer(options.quote) &&
                  Buffer.compare(options.escape, options.quote) === 0,
                // columns can be `false`, `true`, `Array`
                expectedRecordLength: Array.isArray(options.columns)
                  ? options.columns.length
                  : undefined,
                field: new ResizeableBuffer(20),
                firstLineToHeaders: options.cast_first_line_to_header,
                needMoreDataSize: Math.max(
                  // Skip if the remaining buffer smaller than comment
                  options.comment !== null ? options.comment.length : 0,
                  // Skip if the remaining buffer can be delimiter
                  ...options.delimiter.map((delimiter) => delimiter.length),
                  // Skip if the remaining buffer can be escape sequence
                  options.quote !== null ? options.quote.length : 0,
                ),
                previousBuf: undefined,
                quoting: false,
                stop: false,
                rawBuffer: new ResizeableBuffer(100),
                record: [],
                recordHasError: false,
                record_length: 0,
                recordDelimiterMaxLength:
                  options.record_delimiter.length === 0
                    ? 0
                    : Math.max(...options.record_delimiter.map((v) => v.length)),
                trimChars: [
                  Buffer.from(" ", options.encoding)[0],
                  Buffer.from("\t", options.encoding)[0],
                ],
                wasQuoting: false,
                wasRowDelimiter: false,
                timchars: [
                  Buffer.from(Buffer.from([cr$1], "utf8").toString(), options.encoding),
                  Buffer.from(Buffer.from([nl$1], "utf8").toString(), options.encoding),
                  Buffer.from(Buffer.from([np], "utf8").toString(), options.encoding),
                  Buffer.from(Buffer.from([space], "utf8").toString(), options.encoding),
                  Buffer.from(Buffer.from([tab], "utf8").toString(), options.encoding),
                ],
              };
            };

            const underscore = function (str) {
              return str.replace(/([A-Z])/g, function (_, match) {
                return "_" + match.toLowerCase();
              });
            };

            const normalize_options = function (opts) {
              const options = {};
              // Merge with user options
              for (const opt in opts) {
                options[underscore(opt)] = opts[opt];
              }
              // Normalize option `encoding`
              // Note: defined first because other options depends on it
              // to convert chars/strings into buffers.
              if (options.encoding === undefined || options.encoding === true) {
                options.encoding = "utf8";
              } else if (options.encoding === null || options.encoding === false) {
                options.encoding = null;
              } else if (
                typeof options.encoding !== "string" &&
                options.encoding !== null
              ) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_ENCODING",
                  [
                    "Invalid option encoding:",
                    "encoding must be a string or null to return a buffer,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.encoding)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `bom`
              if (
                options.bom === undefined ||
                options.bom === null ||
                options.bom === false
              ) {
                options.bom = false;
              } else if (options.bom !== true) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_BOM",
                  [
                    "Invalid option bom:",
                    "bom must be true,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.bom)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `cast`
              options.cast_function = null;
              if (
                options.cast === undefined ||
                options.cast === null ||
                options.cast === false ||
                options.cast === ""
              ) {
                options.cast = undefined;
              } else if (typeof options.cast === "function") {
                options.cast_function = options.cast;
                options.cast = true;
              } else if (options.cast !== true) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_CAST",
                  [
                    "Invalid option cast:",
                    "cast must be true or a function,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.cast)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `cast_date`
              if (
                options.cast_date === undefined ||
                options.cast_date === null ||
                options.cast_date === false ||
                options.cast_date === ""
              ) {
                options.cast_date = false;
              } else if (options.cast_date === true) {
                options.cast_date = function (value) {
                  const date = Date.parse(value);
                  return !isNaN(date) ? new Date(date) : value;
                };
              } else if (typeof options.cast_date !== "function") {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_CAST_DATE",
                  [
                    "Invalid option cast_date:",
                    "cast_date must be true or a function,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.cast_date)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `columns`
              options.cast_first_line_to_header = undefined;
              if (options.columns === true) {
                // Fields in the first line are converted as-is to columns
                options.cast_first_line_to_header = undefined;
              } else if (typeof options.columns === "function") {
                options.cast_first_line_to_header = options.columns;
                options.columns = true;
              } else if (Array.isArray(options.columns)) {
                options.columns = normalize_columns_array(options.columns);
              } else if (
                options.columns === undefined ||
                options.columns === null ||
                options.columns === false
              ) {
                options.columns = false;
              } else {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_COLUMNS",
                  [
                    "Invalid option columns:",
                    "expect an array, a function or true,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.columns)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `group_columns_by_name`
              if (
                options.group_columns_by_name === undefined ||
                options.group_columns_by_name === null ||
                options.group_columns_by_name === false
              ) {
                options.group_columns_by_name = false;
              } else if (options.group_columns_by_name !== true) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME",
                  [
                    "Invalid option group_columns_by_name:",
                    "expect an boolean,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.group_columns_by_name)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              } else if (options.columns === false) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_GROUP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME",
                  [
                    "Invalid option group_columns_by_name:",
                    "the `columns` mode must be activated.",
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `comment`
              if (
                options.comment === undefined ||
                options.comment === null ||
                options.comment === false ||
                options.comment === ""
              ) {
                options.comment = null;
              } else {
                if (typeof options.comment === "string") {
                  options.comment = Buffer.from(options.comment, options.encoding);
                }
                if (!isBuffer(options.comment)) {
                  throw new CsvError(
                    "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_COMMENT",
                    [
                      "Invalid option comment:",
                      "comment must be a buffer or a string,",
                      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.comment)}`,
                    ],
                    options,
                  );
                }
              }
              // Normalize option `comment_no_infix`
              if (
                options.comment_no_infix === undefined ||
                options.comment_no_infix === null ||
                options.comment_no_infix === false
              ) {
                options.comment_no_infix = false;
              } else if (options.comment_no_infix !== true) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_COMMENT",
                  [
                    "Invalid option comment_no_infix:",
                    "value must be a boolean,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.comment_no_infix)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `delimiter`
              const delimiter_json = JSON.stringify(options.delimiter);
              if (!Array.isArray(options.delimiter))
                options.delimiter = [options.delimiter];
              if (options.delimiter.length === 0) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_DELIMITER",
                  [
                    "Invalid option delimiter:",
                    "delimiter must be a non empty string or buffer or array of string|buffer,",
                    `got ${delimiter_json}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              options.delimiter = options.delimiter.map(function (delimiter) {
                if (delimiter === undefined || delimiter === null || delimiter === false) {
                  return Buffer.from(",", options.encoding);
                }
                if (typeof delimiter === "string") {
                  delimiter = Buffer.from(delimiter, options.encoding);
                }
                if (!isBuffer(delimiter) || delimiter.length === 0) {
                  throw new CsvError(
                    "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_DELIMITER",
                    [
                      "Invalid option delimiter:",
                      "delimiter must be a non empty string or buffer or array of string|buffer,",
                      `got ${delimiter_json}`,
                    ],
                    options,
                  );
                }
                return delimiter;
              });
              // Normalize option `escape`
              if (options.escape === undefined || options.escape === true) {
                options.escape = Buffer.from('"', options.encoding);
              } else if (typeof options.escape === "string") {
                options.escape = Buffer.from(options.escape, options.encoding);
              } else if (options.escape === null || options.escape === false) {
                options.escape = null;
              }
              if (options.escape !== null) {
                if (!isBuffer(options.escape)) {
                  throw new Error(
                    `Invalid Option: escape must be a buffer, a string or a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.escape)}`,
                  );
                }
              }
              // Normalize option `from`
              if (options.from === undefined || options.from === null) {
                options.from = 1;
              } else {
                if (typeof options.from === "string" && /\d+/.test(options.from)) {
                  options.from = parseInt(options.from);
                }
                if (Number.isInteger(options.from)) {
                  if (options.from < 0) {
                    throw new Error(
                      `Invalid Option: from must be a positive integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.from)}`,
                    );
                  }
                } else {
                  throw new Error(
                    `Invalid Option: from must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(options.from)}`,
                  );
                }
              }
              // Normalize option `from_line`
              if (options.from_line === undefined || options.from_line === null) {
                options.from_line = 1;
              } else {
                if (
                  typeof options.from_line === "string" &&
                  /\d+/.test(options.from_line)
                ) {
                  options.from_line = parseInt(options.from_line);
                }
                if (Number.isInteger(options.from_line)) {
                  if (options.from_line <= 0) {
                    throw new Error(
                      `Invalid Option: from_line must be a positive integer greater than 0, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.from_line)}`,
                    );
                  }
                } else {
                  throw new Error(
                    `Invalid Option: from_line must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.from_line)}`,
                  );
                }
              }
              // Normalize options `ignore_last_delimiters`
              if (
                options.ignore_last_delimiters === undefined ||
                options.ignore_last_delimiters === null
              ) {
                options.ignore_last_delimiters = false;
              } else if (typeof options.ignore_last_delimiters === "number") {
                options.ignore_last_delimiters = Math.floor(options.ignore_last_delimiters);
                if (options.ignore_last_delimiters === 0) {
                  options.ignore_last_delimiters = false;
                }
              } else if (typeof options.ignore_last_delimiters !== "boolean") {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_IGNORE_LAST_DELIMITERS",
                  [
                    "Invalid option `ignore_last_delimiters`:",
                    "the value must be a boolean value or an integer,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.ignore_last_delimiters)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              if (options.ignore_last_delimiters === true && options.columns === false) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_IGNORE_LAST_DELIMITERS_REQUIRES_COLUMNS",
                  [
                    "The option `ignore_last_delimiters`",
                    "requires the activation of the `columns` option",
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `info`
              if (
                options.info === undefined ||
                options.info === null ||
                options.info === false
              ) {
                options.info = false;
              } else if (options.info !== true) {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: info must be true, got ${JSON.stringify(options.info)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `max_record_size`
              if (
                options.max_record_size === undefined ||
                options.max_record_size === null ||
                options.max_record_size === false
              ) {
                options.max_record_size = 0;
              } else if (
                Number.isInteger(options.max_record_size) &&
                options.max_record_size >= 0
              ) ; else if (
                typeof options.max_record_size === "string" &&
                /\d+/.test(options.max_record_size)
              ) {
                options.max_record_size = parseInt(options.max_record_size);
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: max_record_size must be a positive integer, got ${JSON.stringify(options.max_record_size)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `objname`
              if (
                options.objname === undefined ||
                options.objname === null ||
                options.objname === false
              ) {
                options.objname = undefined;
              } else if (isBuffer(options.objname)) {
                if (options.objname.length === 0) {
                  throw new Error(`Invalid Option: objname must be a non empty buffer`);
                }
                if (options.encoding === null) ; else {
                  options.objname = options.objname.toString(options.encoding);
                }
              } else if (typeof options.objname === "string") {
                if (options.objname.length === 0) {
                  throw new Error(`Invalid Option: objname must be a non empty string`);
                }
                // Great, nothing to do
              } else if (typeof options.objname === "number") ; else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: objname must be a string or a buffer, got ${options.objname}`,
                );
              }
              if (options.objname !== undefined) {
                if (typeof options.objname === "number") {
                  if (options.columns !== false) {
                    throw Error(
                      "Invalid Option: objname index cannot be combined with columns or be defined as a field",
                    );
                  }
                } else {
                  // A string or a buffer
                  if (options.columns === false) {
                    throw Error(
                      "Invalid Option: objname field must be combined with columns or be defined as an index",
                    );
                  }
                }
              }
              // Normalize option `on_record`
              if (options.on_record === undefined || options.on_record === null) {
                options.on_record = undefined;
              } else if (typeof options.on_record !== "function") {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_ON_RECORD",
                  [
                    "Invalid option `on_record`:",
                    "expect a function,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.on_record)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `on_skip`
              // options.on_skip ??= (err, chunk) => {
              //   this.emit('skip', err, chunk);
              // };
              if (
                options.on_skip !== undefined &&
                options.on_skip !== null &&
                typeof options.on_skip !== "function"
              ) {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: on_skip must be a function, got ${JSON.stringify(options.on_skip)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `quote`
              if (
                options.quote === null ||
                options.quote === false ||
                options.quote === ""
              ) {
                options.quote = null;
              } else {
                if (options.quote === undefined || options.quote === true) {
                  options.quote = Buffer.from('"', options.encoding);
                } else if (typeof options.quote === "string") {
                  options.quote = Buffer.from(options.quote, options.encoding);
                }
                if (!isBuffer(options.quote)) {
                  throw new Error(
                    `Invalid Option: quote must be a buffer or a string, got ${JSON.stringify(options.quote)}`,
                  );
                }
              }
              // Normalize option `raw`
              if (
                options.raw === undefined ||
                options.raw === null ||
                options.raw === false
              ) {
                options.raw = false;
              } else if (options.raw !== true) {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: raw must be true, got ${JSON.stringify(options.raw)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `record_delimiter`
              if (options.record_delimiter === undefined) {
                options.record_delimiter = [];
              } else if (
                typeof options.record_delimiter === "string" ||
                isBuffer(options.record_delimiter)
              ) {
                if (options.record_delimiter.length === 0) {
                  throw new CsvError(
                    "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER",
                    [
                      "Invalid option `record_delimiter`:",
                      "value must be a non empty string or buffer,",
                      `got ${JSON.stringify(options.record_delimiter)}`,
                    ],
                    options,
                  );
                }
                options.record_delimiter = [options.record_delimiter];
              } else if (!Array.isArray(options.record_delimiter)) {
                throw new CsvError(
                  "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER",
                  [
                    "Invalid option `record_delimiter`:",
                    "value must be a string, a buffer or array of string|buffer,",
                    `got ${JSON.stringify(options.record_delimiter)}`,
                  ],
                  options,
                );
              }
              options.record_delimiter = options.record_delimiter.map(function (rd, i) {
                if (typeof rd !== "string" && !isBuffer(rd)) {
                  throw new CsvError(
                    "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER",
                    [
                      "Invalid option `record_delimiter`:",
                      "value must be a string, a buffer or array of string|buffer",
                      `at index ${i},`,
                      `got ${JSON.stringify(rd)}`,
                    ],
                    options,
                  );
                } else if (rd.length === 0) {
                  throw new CsvError(
                    "CSV_INVALID_OPTION_RECORD_DELIMITER",
                    [
                      "Invalid option `record_delimiter`:",
                      "value must be a non empty string or buffer",
                      `at index ${i},`,
                      `got ${JSON.stringify(rd)}`,
                    ],
                    options,
                  );
                }
                if (typeof rd === "string") {
                  rd = Buffer.from(rd, options.encoding);
                }
                return rd;
              });
              // Normalize option `relax_column_count`
              if (typeof options.relax_column_count === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.relax_column_count === undefined ||
                options.relax_column_count === null
              ) {
                options.relax_column_count = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: relax_column_count must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_column_count)}`,
                );
              }
              if (typeof options.relax_column_count_less === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.relax_column_count_less === undefined ||
                options.relax_column_count_less === null
              ) {
                options.relax_column_count_less = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: relax_column_count_less must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_column_count_less)}`,
                );
              }
              if (typeof options.relax_column_count_more === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.relax_column_count_more === undefined ||
                options.relax_column_count_more === null
              ) {
                options.relax_column_count_more = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: relax_column_count_more must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_column_count_more)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `relax_quotes`
              if (typeof options.relax_quotes === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.relax_quotes === undefined ||
                options.relax_quotes === null
              ) {
                options.relax_quotes = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: relax_quotes must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.relax_quotes)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `skip_empty_lines`
              if (typeof options.skip_empty_lines === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.skip_empty_lines === undefined ||
                options.skip_empty_lines === null
              ) {
                options.skip_empty_lines = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: skip_empty_lines must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.skip_empty_lines)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `skip_records_with_empty_values`
              if (typeof options.skip_records_with_empty_values === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.skip_records_with_empty_values === undefined ||
                options.skip_records_with_empty_values === null
              ) {
                options.skip_records_with_empty_values = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: skip_records_with_empty_values must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.skip_records_with_empty_values)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `skip_records_with_error`
              if (typeof options.skip_records_with_error === "boolean") ; else if (
                options.skip_records_with_error === undefined ||
                options.skip_records_with_error === null
              ) {
                options.skip_records_with_error = false;
              } else {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: skip_records_with_error must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.skip_records_with_error)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `rtrim`
              if (
                options.rtrim === undefined ||
                options.rtrim === null ||
                options.rtrim === false
              ) {
                options.rtrim = false;
              } else if (options.rtrim !== true) {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: rtrim must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.rtrim)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `ltrim`
              if (
                options.ltrim === undefined ||
                options.ltrim === null ||
                options.ltrim === false
              ) {
                options.ltrim = false;
              } else if (options.ltrim !== true) {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: ltrim must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.ltrim)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize option `trim`
              if (
                options.trim === undefined ||
                options.trim === null ||
                options.trim === false
              ) {
                options.trim = false;
              } else if (options.trim !== true) {
                throw new Error(
                  `Invalid Option: trim must be a boolean, got ${JSON.stringify(options.trim)}`,
                );
              }
              // Normalize options `trim`, `ltrim` and `rtrim`
              if (options.trim === true && opts.ltrim !== false) {
                options.ltrim = true;
              } else if (options.ltrim !== true) {
                options.ltrim = false;
              }
              if (options.trim === true && opts.rtrim !== false) {
                options.rtrim = true;
              } else if (options.rtrim !== true) {
                options.rtrim = false;
              }
              // Normalize option `to`
              if (options.to === undefined || options.to === null) {
                options.to = -1;
              } else if (options.to !== -1) {
                if (typeof options.to === "string" && /\d+/.test(options.to)) {
                  options.to = parseInt(options.to);
                }
                if (Number.isInteger(options.to)) {
                  if (options.to <= 0) {
                    throw new Error(
                      `Invalid Option: to must be a positive integer greater than 0, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to)}`,
                    );
                  }
                } else {
                  throw new Error(
                    `Invalid Option: to must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to)}`,
                  );
                }
              }
              // Normalize option `to_line`
              if (options.to_line === undefined || options.to_line === null) {
                options.to_line = -1;
              } else if (options.to_line !== -1) {
                if (typeof options.to_line === "string" && /\d+/.test(options.to_line)) {
                  options.to_line = parseInt(options.to_line);
                }
                if (Number.isInteger(options.to_line)) {
                  if (options.to_line <= 0) {
                    throw new Error(
                      `Invalid Option: to_line must be a positive integer greater than 0, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to_line)}`,
                    );
                  }
                } else {
                  throw new Error(
                    `Invalid Option: to_line must be an integer, got ${JSON.stringify(opts.to_line)}`,
                  );
                }
              }
              return options;
            };

            const isRecordEmpty = function (record) {
              return record.every(
                (field) =>
                  field == null || (field.toString && field.toString().trim() === ""),
              );
            };

            const cr = 13; // `\r`, carriage return, 0x0D in hexadécimal, 13 in decimal
            const nl = 10; // `\n`, newline, 0x0A in hexadecimal, 10 in decimal

            const boms = {
              // Note, the following are equals:
              // Buffer.from("\ufeff")
              // Buffer.from([239, 187, 191])
              // Buffer.from('EFBBBF', 'hex')
              utf8: Buffer.from([239, 187, 191]),
              // Note, the following are equals:
              // Buffer.from "\ufeff", 'utf16le
              // Buffer.from([255, 254])
              utf16le: Buffer.from([255, 254]),
            };

            const transform = function (original_options = {}) {
              const info = {
                bytes: 0,
                comment_lines: 0,
                empty_lines: 0,
                invalid_field_length: 0,
                lines: 1,
                records: 0,
              };
              const options = normalize_options(original_options);
              return {
                info: info,
                original_options: original_options,
                options: options,
                state: init_state(options),
                __needMoreData: function (i, bufLen, end) {
                  if (end) return false;
                  const { encoding, escape, quote } = this.options;
                  const { quoting, needMoreDataSize, recordDelimiterMaxLength } =
                    this.state;
                  const numOfCharLeft = bufLen - i - 1;
                  const requiredLength = Math.max(
                    needMoreDataSize,
                    // Skip if the remaining buffer smaller than record delimiter
                    // If "record_delimiter" is yet to be discovered:
                    // 1. It is equals to `[]` and "recordDelimiterMaxLength" equals `0`
                    // 2. We set the length to windows line ending in the current encoding
                    // Note, that encoding is known from user or bom discovery at that point
                    // recordDelimiterMaxLength,
                    recordDelimiterMaxLength === 0
                      ? Buffer.from("\r\n", encoding).length
                      : recordDelimiterMaxLength,
                    // Skip if remaining buffer can be an escaped quote
                    quoting ? (escape === null ? 0 : escape.length) + quote.length : 0,
                    // Skip if remaining buffer can be record delimiter following the closing quote
                    quoting ? quote.length + recordDelimiterMaxLength : 0,
                  );
                  return numOfCharLeft < requiredLength;
                },
                // Central parser implementation
                parse: function (nextBuf, end, push, close) {
                  const {
                    bom,
                    comment_no_infix,
                    encoding,
                    from_line,
                    ltrim,
                    max_record_size,
                    raw,
                    relax_quotes,
                    rtrim,
                    skip_empty_lines,
                    to,
                    to_line,
                  } = this.options;
                  let { comment, escape, quote, record_delimiter } = this.options;
                  const { bomSkipped, previousBuf, rawBuffer, escapeIsQuote } = this.state;
                  let buf;
                  if (previousBuf === undefined) {
                    if (nextBuf === undefined) {
                      // Handle empty string
                      close();
                      return;
                    } else {
                      buf = nextBuf;
                    }
                  } else if (previousBuf !== undefined && nextBuf === undefined) {
                    buf = previousBuf;
                  } else {
                    buf = Buffer.concat([previousBuf, nextBuf]);
                  }
                  // Handle UTF BOM
                  if (bomSkipped === false) {
                    if (bom === false) {
                      this.state.bomSkipped = true;
                    } else if (buf.length < 3) {
                      // No enough data
                      if (end === false) {
                        // Wait for more data
                        this.state.previousBuf = buf;
                        return;
                      }
                    } else {
                      for (const encoding in boms) {
                        if (boms[encoding].compare(buf, 0, boms[encoding].length) === 0) {
                          // Skip BOM
                          const bomLength = boms[encoding].length;
                          this.state.bufBytesStart += bomLength;
                          buf = buf.slice(bomLength);
                          // Renormalize original options with the new encoding
                          const options = normalize_options({
                            ...this.original_options,
                            encoding: encoding,
                          });
                          // Properties are merged with the existing options instance
                          for (const key in options) {
                            this.options[key] = options[key];
                          }
                          // Options will re-evaluate the Buffer with the new encoding
                          ({ comment, escape, quote } = this.options);
                          break;
                        }
                      }
                      this.state.bomSkipped = true;
                    }
                  }
                  const bufLen = buf.length;
                  let pos;
                  for (pos = 0; pos < bufLen; pos++) {
                    // Ensure we get enough space to look ahead
                    // There should be a way to move this out of the loop
                    if (this.__needMoreData(pos, bufLen, end)) {
                      break;
                    }
                    if (this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true) {
                      this.info.lines++;
                      this.state.wasRowDelimiter = false;
                    }
                    if (to_line !== -1 && this.info.lines > to_line) {
                      this.state.stop = true;
                      close();
                      return;
                    }
                    // Auto discovery of record_delimiter, unix, mac and windows supported
                    if (this.state.quoting === false && record_delimiter.length === 0) {
                      const record_delimiterCount = this.__autoDiscoverRecordDelimiter(
                        buf,
                        pos,
                      );
                      if (record_delimiterCount) {
                        record_delimiter = this.options.record_delimiter;
                      }
                    }
                    const chr = buf[pos];
                    if (raw === true) {
                      rawBuffer.append(chr);
                    }
                    if (
                      (chr === cr || chr === nl) &&
                      this.state.wasRowDelimiter === false
                    ) {
                      this.state.wasRowDelimiter = true;
                    }
                    // Previous char was a valid escape char
                    // treat the current char as a regular char
                    if (this.state.escaping === true) {
                      this.state.escaping = false;
                    } else {
                      // Escape is only active inside quoted fields
                      // We are quoting, the char is an escape chr and there is a chr to escape
                      // if(escape !== null && this.state.quoting === true && chr === escape && pos + 1 < bufLen){
                      if (
                        escape !== null &&
                        this.state.quoting === true &&
                        this.__isEscape(buf, pos, chr) &&
                        pos + escape.length < bufLen
                      ) {
                        if (escapeIsQuote) {
                          if (this.__isQuote(buf, pos + escape.length)) {
                            this.state.escaping = true;
                            pos += escape.length - 1;
                            continue;
                          }
                        } else {
                          this.state.escaping = true;
                          pos += escape.length - 1;
                          continue;
                        }
                      }
                      // Not currently escaping and chr is a quote
                      // TODO: need to compare bytes instead of single char
                      if (this.state.commenting === false && this.__isQuote(buf, pos)) {
                        if (this.state.quoting === true) {
                          const nextChr = buf[pos + quote.length];
                          const isNextChrTrimable =
                            rtrim && this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos + quote.length);
                          const isNextChrComment =
                            comment !== null &&
                            this.__compareBytes(comment, buf, pos + quote.length, nextChr);
                          const isNextChrDelimiter = this.__isDelimiter(
                            buf,
                            pos + quote.length,
                            nextChr,
                          );
                          const isNextChrRecordDelimiter =
                            record_delimiter.length === 0
                              ? this.__autoDiscoverRecordDelimiter(buf, pos + quote.length)
                              : this.__isRecordDelimiter(nextChr, buf, pos + quote.length);
                          // Escape a quote
                          // Treat next char as a regular character
                          if (
                            escape !== null &&
                            this.__isEscape(buf, pos, chr) &&
                            this.__isQuote(buf, pos + escape.length)
                          ) {
                            pos += escape.length - 1;
                          } else if (
                            !nextChr ||
                            isNextChrDelimiter ||
                            isNextChrRecordDelimiter ||
                            isNextChrComment ||
                            isNextChrTrimable
                          ) {
                            this.state.quoting = false;
                            this.state.wasQuoting = true;
                            pos += quote.length - 1;
                            continue;
                          } else if (relax_quotes === false) {
                            const err = this.__error(
                              new CsvError(
                                "CSV_INVALID_CLOSING_QUOTE",
                                [
                                  "Invalid Closing Quote:",
                                  `got "${String.fromCharCode(nextChr)}"`,
                                  `at line ${this.info.lines}`,
                                  "instead of delimiter, record delimiter, trimable character",
                                  "(if activated) or comment",
                                ],
                                this.options,
                                this.__infoField(),
                              ),
                            );
                            if (err !== undefined) return err;
                          } else {
                            this.state.quoting = false;
                            this.state.wasQuoting = true;
                            this.state.field.prepend(quote);
                            pos += quote.length - 1;
                          }
                        } else {
                          if (this.state.field.length !== 0) {
                            // In relax_quotes mode, treat opening quote preceded by chrs as regular
                            if (relax_quotes === false) {
                              const info = this.__infoField();
                              const bom = Object.keys(boms)
                                .map((b) =>
                                  boms[b].equals(this.state.field.toString()) ? b : false,
                                )
                                .filter(Boolean)[0];
                              const err = this.__error(
                                new CsvError(
                                  "INVALID_OPENING_QUOTE",
                                  [
                                    "Invalid Opening Quote:",
                                    `a quote is found on field ${JSON.stringify(info.column)} at line ${info.lines}, value is ${JSON.stringify(this.state.field.toString(encoding))}`,
                                    bom ? `(${bom} bom)` : undefined,
                                  ],
                                  this.options,
                                  info,
                                  {
                                    field: this.state.field,
                                  },
                                ),
                              );
                              if (err !== undefined) return err;
                            }
                          } else {
                            this.state.quoting = true;
                            pos += quote.length - 1;
                            continue;
                          }
                        }
                      }
                      if (this.state.quoting === false) {
                        const recordDelimiterLength = this.__isRecordDelimiter(
                          chr,
                          buf,
                          pos,
                        );
                        if (recordDelimiterLength !== 0) {
                          // Do not emit comments which take a full line
                          const skipCommentLine =
                            this.state.commenting &&
                            this.state.wasQuoting === false &&
                            this.state.record.length === 0 &&
                            this.state.field.length === 0;
                          if (skipCommentLine) {
                            this.info.comment_lines++;
                            // Skip full comment line
                          } else {
                            // Activate records emition if above from_line
                            if (
                              this.state.enabled === false &&
                              this.info.lines +
                                (this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true ? 1 : 0) >=
                                from_line
                            ) {
                              this.state.enabled = true;
                              this.__resetField();
                              this.__resetRecord();
                              pos += recordDelimiterLength - 1;
                              continue;
                            }
                            // Skip if line is empty and skip_empty_lines activated
                            if (
                              skip_empty_lines === true &&
                              this.state.wasQuoting === false &&
                              this.state.record.length === 0 &&
                              this.state.field.length === 0
                            ) {
                              this.info.empty_lines++;
                              pos += recordDelimiterLength - 1;
                              continue;
                            }
                            this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos;
                            const errField = this.__onField();
                            if (errField !== undefined) return errField;
                            this.info.bytes =
                              this.state.bufBytesStart + pos + recordDelimiterLength;
                            const errRecord = this.__onRecord(push);
                            if (errRecord !== undefined) return errRecord;
                            if (to !== -1 && this.info.records >= to) {
                              this.state.stop = true;
                              close();
                              return;
                            }
                          }
                          this.state.commenting = false;
                          pos += recordDelimiterLength - 1;
                          continue;
                        }
                        if (this.state.commenting) {
                          continue;
                        }
                        if (
                          comment !== null &&
                          (comment_no_infix === false ||
                            (this.state.record.length === 0 &&
                              this.state.field.length === 0))
                        ) {
                          const commentCount = this.__compareBytes(comment, buf, pos, chr);
                          if (commentCount !== 0) {
                            this.state.commenting = true;
                            continue;
                          }
                        }
                        const delimiterLength = this.__isDelimiter(buf, pos, chr);
                        if (delimiterLength !== 0) {
                          this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos;
                          const errField = this.__onField();
                          if (errField !== undefined) return errField;
                          pos += delimiterLength - 1;
                          continue;
                        }
                      }
                    }
                    if (this.state.commenting === false) {
                      if (
                        max_record_size !== 0 &&
                        this.state.record_length + this.state.field.length > max_record_size
                      ) {
                        return this.__error(
                          new CsvError(
                            "CSV_MAX_RECORD_SIZE",
                            [
                              "Max Record Size:",
                              "record exceed the maximum number of tolerated bytes",
                              `of ${max_record_size}`,
                              `at line ${this.info.lines}`,
                            ],
                            this.options,
                            this.__infoField(),
                          ),
                        );
                      }
                    }
                    const lappend =
                      ltrim === false ||
                      this.state.quoting === true ||
                      this.state.field.length !== 0 ||
                      !this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos);
                    // rtrim in non quoting is handle in __onField
                    const rappend = rtrim === false || this.state.wasQuoting === false;
                    if (lappend === true && rappend === true) {
                      this.state.field.append(chr);
                    } else if (rtrim === true && !this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos)) {
                      return this.__error(
                        new CsvError(
                          "CSV_NON_TRIMABLE_CHAR_AFTER_CLOSING_QUOTE",
                          [
                            "Invalid Closing Quote:",
                            "found non trimable byte after quote",
                            `at line ${this.info.lines}`,
                          ],
                          this.options,
                          this.__infoField(),
                        ),
                      );
                    } else {
                      if (lappend === false) {
                        pos += this.__isCharTrimable(buf, pos) - 1;
                      }
                      continue;
                    }
                  }
                  if (end === true) {
                    // Ensure we are not ending in a quoting state
                    if (this.state.quoting === true) {
                      const err = this.__error(
                        new CsvError(
                          "CSV_QUOTE_NOT_CLOSED",
                          [
                            "Quote Not Closed:",
                            `the parsing is finished with an opening quote at line ${this.info.lines}`,
                          ],
                          this.options,
                          this.__infoField(),
                        ),
                      );
                      if (err !== undefined) return err;
                    } else {
                      // Skip last line if it has no characters
                      if (
                        this.state.wasQuoting === true ||
                        this.state.record.length !== 0 ||
                        this.state.field.length !== 0
                      ) {
                        this.info.bytes = this.state.bufBytesStart + pos;
                        const errField = this.__onField();
                        if (errField !== undefined) return errField;
                        const errRecord = this.__onRecord(push);
                        if (errRecord !== undefined) return errRecord;
                      } else if (this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true) {
                        this.info.empty_lines++;
                      } else if (this.state.commenting === true) {
                        this.info.comment_lines++;
                      }
                    }
                  } else {
                    this.state.bufBytesStart += pos;
                    this.state.previousBuf = buf.slice(pos);
                  }
                  if (this.state.wasRowDelimiter === true) {
                    this.info.lines++;
                    this.state.wasRowDelimiter = false;
                  }
                },
                __onRecord: function (push) {
                  const {
                    columns,
                    group_columns_by_name,
                    encoding,
                    info,
                    from,
                    relax_column_count,
                    relax_column_count_less,
                    relax_column_count_more,
                    raw,
                    skip_records_with_empty_values,
                  } = this.options;
                  const { enabled, record } = this.state;
                  if (enabled === false) {
                    return this.__resetRecord();
                  }
                  // Convert the first line into column names
                  const recordLength = record.length;
                  if (columns === true) {
                    if (skip_records_with_empty_values === true && isRecordEmpty(record)) {
                      this.__resetRecord();
                      return;
                    }
                    return this.__firstLineToColumns(record);
                  }
                  if (columns === false && this.info.records === 0) {
                    this.state.expectedRecordLength = recordLength;
                  }
                  if (recordLength !== this.state.expectedRecordLength) {
                    const err =
                      columns === false
                        ? new CsvError(
                            "CSV_RECORD_INCONSISTENT_FIELDS_LENGTH",
                            [
                              "Invalid Record Length:",
                              `expect ${this.state.expectedRecordLength},`,
                              `got ${recordLength} on line ${this.info.lines}`,
                            ],
                            this.options,
                            this.__infoField(),
                            {
                              record: record,
                            },
                          )
                        : new CsvError(
                            "CSV_RECORD_INCONSISTENT_COLUMNS",
                            [
                              "Invalid Record Length:",
                              `columns length is ${columns.length},`, // rename columns
                              `got ${recordLength} on line ${this.info.lines}`,
                            ],
                            this.options,
                            this.__infoField(),
                            {
                              record: record,
                            },
                          );
                    if (
                      relax_column_count === true ||
                      (relax_column_count_less === true &&
                        recordLength < this.state.expectedRecordLength) ||
                      (relax_column_count_more === true &&
                        recordLength > this.state.expectedRecordLength)
                    ) {
                      this.info.invalid_field_length++;
                      this.state.error = err;
                      // Error is undefined with skip_records_with_error
                    } else {
                      const finalErr = this.__error(err);
                      if (finalErr) return finalErr;
                    }
                  }
                  if (skip_records_with_empty_values === true && isRecordEmpty(record)) {
                    this.__resetRecord();
                    return;
                  }
                  if (this.state.recordHasError === true) {
                    this.__resetRecord();
                    this.state.recordHasError = false;
                    return;
                  }
                  this.info.records++;
                  if (from === 1 || this.info.records >= from) {
                    const { objname } = this.options;
                    // With columns, records are object
                    if (columns !== false) {
                      const obj = {};
                      // Transform record array to an object
                      for (let i = 0, l = record.length; i < l; i++) {
                        if (columns[i] === undefined || columns[i].disabled) continue;
                        // Turn duplicate columns into an array
                        if (
                          group_columns_by_name === true &&
                          obj[columns[i].name] !== undefined
                        ) {
                          if (Array.isArray(obj[columns[i].name])) {
                            obj[columns[i].name] = obj[columns[i].name].concat(record[i]);
                          } else {
                            obj[columns[i].name] = [obj[columns[i].name], record[i]];
                          }
                        } else {
                          obj[columns[i].name] = record[i];
                        }
                      }
                      // Without objname (default)
                      if (raw === true || info === true) {
                        const extRecord = Object.assign(
                          { record: obj },
                          raw === true
                            ? { raw: this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) }
                            : {},
                          info === true ? { info: this.__infoRecord() } : {},
                        );
                        const err = this.__push(
                          objname === undefined ? extRecord : [obj[objname], extRecord],
                          push,
                        );
                        if (err) {
                          return err;
                        }
                      } else {
                        const err = this.__push(
                          objname === undefined ? obj : [obj[objname], obj],
                          push,
                        );
                        if (err) {
                          return err;
                        }
                      }
                      // Without columns, records are array
                    } else {
                      if (raw === true || info === true) {
                        const extRecord = Object.assign(
                          { record: record },
                          raw === true
                            ? { raw: this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) }
                            : {},
                          info === true ? { info: this.__infoRecord() } : {},
                        );
                        const err = this.__push(
                          objname === undefined ? extRecord : [record[objname], extRecord],
                          push,
                        );
                        if (err) {
                          return err;
                        }
                      } else {
                        const err = this.__push(
                          objname === undefined ? record : [record[objname], record],
                          push,
                        );
                        if (err) {
                          return err;
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                  this.__resetRecord();
                },
                __firstLineToColumns: function (record) {
                  const { firstLineToHeaders } = this.state;
                  try {
                    const headers =
                      firstLineToHeaders === undefined
                        ? record
                        : firstLineToHeaders.call(null, record);
                    if (!Array.isArray(headers)) {
                      return this.__error(
                        new CsvError(
                          "CSV_INVALID_COLUMN_MAPPING",
                          [
                            "Invalid Column Mapping:",
                            "expect an array from column function,",
                            `got ${JSON.stringify(headers)}`,
                          ],
                          this.options,
                          this.__infoField(),
                          {
                            headers: headers,
                          },
                        ),
                      );
                    }
                    const normalizedHeaders = normalize_columns_array(headers);
                    this.state.expectedRecordLength = normalizedHeaders.length;
                    this.options.columns = normalizedHeaders;
                    this.__resetRecord();
                    return;
                  } catch (err) {
                    return err;
                  }
                },
                __resetRecord: function () {
                  if (this.options.raw === true) {
                    this.state.rawBuffer.reset();
                  }
                  this.state.error = undefined;
                  this.state.record = [];
                  this.state.record_length = 0;
                },
                __onField: function () {
                  const { cast, encoding, rtrim, max_record_size } = this.options;
                  const { enabled, wasQuoting } = this.state;
                  // Short circuit for the from_line options
                  if (enabled === false) {
                    return this.__resetField();
                  }
                  let field = this.state.field.toString(encoding);
                  if (rtrim === true && wasQuoting === false) {
                    field = field.trimRight();
                  }
                  if (cast === true) {
                    const [err, f] = this.__cast(field);
                    if (err !== undefined) return err;
                    field = f;
                  }
                  this.state.record.push(field);
                  // Increment record length if record size must not exceed a limit
                  if (max_record_size !== 0 && typeof field === "string") {
                    this.state.record_length += field.length;
                  }
                  this.__resetField();
                },
                __resetField: function () {
                  this.state.field.reset();
                  this.state.wasQuoting = false;
                },
                __push: function (record, push) {
                  const { on_record } = this.options;
                  if (on_record !== undefined) {
                    const info = this.__infoRecord();
                    try {
                      record = on_record.call(null, record, info);
                    } catch (err) {
                      return err;
                    }
                    if (record === undefined || record === null) {
                      return;
                    }
                  }
                  push(record);
                },
                // Return a tuple with the error and the casted value
                __cast: function (field) {
                  const { columns, relax_column_count } = this.options;
                  const isColumns = Array.isArray(columns);
                  // Dont loose time calling cast
                  // because the final record is an object
                  // and this field can't be associated to a key present in columns
                  if (
                    isColumns === true &&
                    relax_column_count &&
                    this.options.columns.length <= this.state.record.length
                  ) {
                    return [undefined, undefined];
                  }
                  if (this.state.castField !== null) {
                    try {
                      const info = this.__infoField();
                      return [undefined, this.state.castField.call(null, field, info)];
                    } catch (err) {
                      return [err];
                    }
                  }
                  if (this.__isFloat(field)) {
                    return [undefined, parseFloat(field)];
                  } else if (this.options.cast_date !== false) {
                    const info = this.__infoField();
                    return [undefined, this.options.cast_date.call(null, field, info)];
                  }
                  return [undefined, field];
                },
                // Helper to test if a character is a space or a line delimiter
                __isCharTrimable: function (buf, pos) {
                  const isTrim = (buf, pos) => {
                    const { timchars } = this.state;
                    loop1: for (let i = 0; i < timchars.length; i++) {
                      const timchar = timchars[i];
                      for (let j = 0; j < timchar.length; j++) {
                        if (timchar[j] !== buf[pos + j]) continue loop1;
                      }
                      return timchar.length;
                    }
                    return 0;
                  };
                  return isTrim(buf, pos);
                },
                // Keep it in case we implement the `cast_int` option
                // __isInt(value){
                //   // return Number.isInteger(parseInt(value))
                //   // return !isNaN( parseInt( obj ) );
                //   return /^(\-|\+)?[1-9][0-9]*$/.test(value)
                // }
                __isFloat: function (value) {
                  return value - parseFloat(value) + 1 >= 0; // Borrowed from jquery
                },
                __compareBytes: function (sourceBuf, targetBuf, targetPos, firstByte) {
                  if (sourceBuf[0] !== firstByte) return 0;
                  const sourceLength = sourceBuf.length;
                  for (let i = 1; i < sourceLength; i++) {
                    if (sourceBuf[i] !== targetBuf[targetPos + i]) return 0;
                  }
                  return sourceLength;
                },
                __isDelimiter: function (buf, pos, chr) {
                  const { delimiter, ignore_last_delimiters } = this.options;
                  if (
                    ignore_last_delimiters === true &&
                    this.state.record.length === this.options.columns.length - 1
                  ) {
                    return 0;
                  } else if (
                    ignore_last_delimiters !== false &&
                    typeof ignore_last_delimiters === "number" &&
                    this.state.record.length === ignore_last_delimiters - 1
                  ) {
                    return 0;
                  }
                  loop1: for (let i = 0; i < delimiter.length; i++) {
                    const del = delimiter[i];
                    if (del[0] === chr) {
                      for (let j = 1; j < del.length; j++) {
                        if (del[j] !== buf[pos + j]) continue loop1;
                      }
                      return del.length;
                    }
                  }
                  return 0;
                },
                __isRecordDelimiter: function (chr, buf, pos) {
                  const { record_delimiter } = this.options;
                  const recordDelimiterLength = record_delimiter.length;
                  loop1: for (let i = 0; i < recordDelimiterLength; i++) {
                    const rd = record_delimiter[i];
                    const rdLength = rd.length;
                    if (rd[0] !== chr) {
                      continue;
                    }
                    for (let j = 1; j < rdLength; j++) {
                      if (rd[j] !== buf[pos + j]) {
                        continue loop1;
                      }
                    }
                    return rd.length;
                  }
                  return 0;
                },
                __isEscape: function (buf, pos, chr) {
                  const { escape } = this.options;
                  if (escape === null) return false;
                  const l = escape.length;
                  if (escape[0] === chr) {
                    for (let i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                      if (escape[i] !== buf[pos + i]) {
                        return false;
                      }
                    }
                    return true;
                  }
                  return false;
                },
                __isQuote: function (buf, pos) {
                  const { quote } = this.options;
                  if (quote === null) return false;
                  const l = quote.length;
                  for (let i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                    if (quote[i] !== buf[pos + i]) {
                      return false;
                    }
                  }
                  return true;
                },
                __autoDiscoverRecordDelimiter: function (buf, pos) {
                  const { encoding } = this.options;
                  // Note, we don't need to cache this information in state,
                  // It is only called on the first line until we find out a suitable
                  // record delimiter.
                  const rds = [
                    // Important, the windows line ending must be before mac os 9
                    Buffer.from("\r\n", encoding),
                    Buffer.from("\n", encoding),
                    Buffer.from("\r", encoding),
                  ];
                  loop: for (let i = 0; i < rds.length; i++) {
                    const l = rds[i].length;
                    for (let j = 0; j < l; j++) {
                      if (rds[i][j] !== buf[pos + j]) {
                        continue loop;
                      }
                    }
                    this.options.record_delimiter.push(rds[i]);
                    this.state.recordDelimiterMaxLength = rds[i].length;
                    return rds[i].length;
                  }
                  return 0;
                },
                __error: function (msg) {
                  const { encoding, raw, skip_records_with_error } = this.options;
                  const err = typeof msg === "string" ? new Error(msg) : msg;
                  if (skip_records_with_error) {
                    this.state.recordHasError = true;
                    if (this.options.on_skip !== undefined) {
                      try {
                        this.options.on_skip(
                          err,
                          raw ? this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) : undefined,
                        );
                      } catch (err) {
                        return err;
                      }
                    }
                    // this.emit('skip', err, raw ? this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) : undefined);
                    return undefined;
                  } else {
                    return err;
                  }
                },
                __infoDataSet: function () {
                  return {
                    ...this.info,
                    columns: this.options.columns,
                  };
                },
                __infoRecord: function () {
                  const { columns, raw, encoding } = this.options;
                  return {
                    ...this.__infoDataSet(),
                    error: this.state.error,
                    header: columns === true,
                    index: this.state.record.length,
                    raw: raw ? this.state.rawBuffer.toString(encoding) : undefined,
                  };
                },
                __infoField: function () {
                  const { columns } = this.options;
                  const isColumns = Array.isArray(columns);
                  return {
                    ...this.__infoRecord(),
                    column:
                      isColumns === true
                        ? columns.length > this.state.record.length
                          ? columns[this.state.record.length].name
                          : null
                        : this.state.record.length,
                    quoting: this.state.wasQuoting,
                  };
                },
              };
            };

            const parse = function (data, opts = {}) {
              if (typeof data === "string") {
                data = Buffer.from(data);
              }
              const records = opts && opts.objname ? {} : [];
              const parser = transform(opts);
              const push = (record) => {
                if (parser.options.objname === undefined) records.push(record);
                else {
                  records[record[0]] = record[1];
                }
              };
              const close = () => {};
              const error = parser.parse(data, true, push, close);
              if (error !== undefined) throw error;
              // 250606: `parser.parse` was implemented as 2 calls:
              // const err1 = parser.parse(data, false, push, close);
              // if (err1 !== undefined) throw err1;
              // const err2 = parser.parse(undefined, true, push, close);
              // if (err2 !== undefined) throw err2;
              return records;
            };

            exports.CsvError = CsvError;
            exports.parse = parse;

            return exports;

})({});
