sqlglot.dialects.snowflake API documentation

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# sqlglot.dialects.snowflake

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       1from __future__ import annotations
       2
       3import typing as t
       4
       5from sqlglot import exp, generator, jsonpath, parser, tokens, transforms
       6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
       7    Dialect,
       8    NormalizationStrategy,
       9    build_timetostr_or_tochar,
      10    binary_from_function,
      11    build_default_decimal_type,
      12    build_timestamp_from_parts,
      13    date_delta_sql,
      14    date_trunc_to_time,
      15    datestrtodate_sql,
      16    build_formatted_time,
      17    if_sql,
      18    inline_array_sql,
      19    max_or_greatest,
      20    min_or_least,
      21    rename_func,
      22    timestamptrunc_sql,
      23    timestrtotime_sql,
      24    var_map_sql,
      25    map_date_part,
      26    no_timestamp_sql,
      27    strposition_sql,
      28    timestampdiff_sql,
      29    no_make_interval_sql,
      30    groupconcat_sql,
      31)
      32from sqlglot.generator import unsupported_args
      33from sqlglot.helper import flatten, is_float, is_int, seq_get
      34from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
      35
      36if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
      37    from sqlglot._typing import E, B
      38
      39
      40# from https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/to_timestamp.html
      41def _build_datetime(
      42    name: str, kind: exp.DataType.Type, safe: bool = False
      43) -> t.Callable[[t.List], exp.Func]:
      44    def _builder(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
      45        value = seq_get(args, 0)
      46        scale_or_fmt = seq_get(args, 1)
      47
      48        int_value = value is not None and is_int(value.name)
      49        int_scale_or_fmt = scale_or_fmt is not None and scale_or_fmt.is_int
      50
      51        if isinstance(value, exp.Literal) or (value and scale_or_fmt):
      52            # Converts calls like `TO_TIME('01:02:03')` into casts
      53            if len(args) == 1 and value.is_string and not int_value:
      54                return (
      55                    exp.TryCast(this=value, to=exp.DataType.build(kind))
      56                    if safe
      57                    else exp.cast(value, kind)
      58                )
      59
      60            # Handles `TO_TIMESTAMP(str, fmt)` and `TO_TIMESTAMP(num, scale)` as special
      61            # cases so we can transpile them, since they're relatively common
      62            if kind == exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP:
      63                if not safe and (int_value or int_scale_or_fmt):
      64                    # TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP('integer') is not parsed into exp.UnixToTime as
      65                    # it's not easily transpilable
      66                    return exp.UnixToTime(this=value, scale=scale_or_fmt)
      67                if not int_scale_or_fmt and not is_float(value.name):
      68                    expr = build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "snowflake")(args)
      69                    expr.set("safe", safe)
      70                    return expr
      71
      72        if kind in (exp.DataType.Type.DATE, exp.DataType.Type.TIME) and not int_value:
      73            klass = exp.TsOrDsToDate if kind == exp.DataType.Type.DATE else exp.TsOrDsToTime
      74            formatted_exp = build_formatted_time(klass, "snowflake")(args)
      75            formatted_exp.set("safe", safe)
      76            return formatted_exp
      77
      78        return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
      79
      80    return _builder
      81
      82
      83def _build_object_construct(args: t.List) -> t.Union[exp.StarMap, exp.Struct]:
      84    expression = parser.build_var_map(args)
      85
      86    if isinstance(expression, exp.StarMap):
      87        return expression
      88
      89    return exp.Struct(
      90        expressions=[
      91            exp.PropertyEQ(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(expression.keys, expression.values)
      92        ]
      93    )
      94
      95
      96def _build_datediff(args: t.List) -> exp.DateDiff:
      97    return exp.DateDiff(
      98        this=seq_get(args, 2), expression=seq_get(args, 1), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0))
      99    )
     100
     101
     102def _build_date_time_add(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     103    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     104        return expr_type(
     105            this=seq_get(args, 2),
     106            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     107            unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 0)),
     108        )
     109
     110    return _builder
     111
     112
     113def _build_bitwise(expr_type: t.Type[B], name: str) -> t.Callable[[t.List], B | exp.Anonymous]:
     114    def _builder(args: t.List) -> B | exp.Anonymous:
     115        if len(args) == 3:
     116            return exp.Anonymous(this=name, expressions=args)
     117
     118        return binary_from_function(expr_type)(args)
     119
     120    return _builder
     121
     122
     123# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/div0
     124def _build_if_from_div0(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     125    lhs = exp._wrap(seq_get(args, 0), exp.Binary)
     126    rhs = exp._wrap(seq_get(args, 1), exp.Binary)
     127
     128    cond = exp.EQ(this=rhs, expression=exp.Literal.number(0)).and_(
     129        exp.Is(this=lhs, expression=exp.null()).not_()
     130    )
     131    true = exp.Literal.number(0)
     132    false = exp.Div(this=lhs, expression=rhs)
     133    return exp.If(this=cond, true=true, false=false)
     134
     135
     136# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     137def _build_if_from_zeroifnull(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     138    cond = exp.Is(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Null())
     139    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Literal.number(0), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     140
     141
     142# https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/zeroifnull
     143def _build_if_from_nullifzero(args: t.List) -> exp.If:
     144    cond = exp.EQ(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(0))
     145    return exp.If(this=cond, true=exp.Null(), false=seq_get(args, 0))
     146
     147
     148def _regexpilike_sql(self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.RegexpILike) -> str:
     149    flag = expression.text("flag")
     150
     151    if "i" not in flag:
     152        flag += "i"
     153
     154    return self.func(
     155        "REGEXP_LIKE", expression.this, expression.expression, exp.Literal.string(flag)
     156    )
     157
     158
     159def _build_regexp_replace(args: t.List) -> exp.RegexpReplace:
     160    regexp_replace = exp.RegexpReplace.from_arg_list(args)
     161
     162    if not regexp_replace.args.get("replacement"):
     163        regexp_replace.set("replacement", exp.Literal.string(""))
     164
     165    return regexp_replace
     166
     167
     168def _show_parser(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[Snowflake.Parser], exp.Show]:
     169    def _parse(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> exp.Show:
     170        return self._parse_show_snowflake(*args, **kwargs)
     171
     172    return _parse
     173
     174
     175def _date_trunc_to_time(args: t.List) -> exp.DateTrunc | exp.TimestampTrunc:
     176    trunc = date_trunc_to_time(args)
     177    trunc.set("unit", map_date_part(trunc.args["unit"]))
     178    return trunc
     179
     180
     181def _unqualify_pivot_columns(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     182    """
     183    Snowflake doesn't allow columns referenced in UNPIVOT to be qualified,
     184    so we need to unqualify them. Same goes for ANY ORDER BY <column>.
     185
     186    Example:
     187        >>> from sqlglot import parse_one
     188        >>> expr = parse_one("SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (m_sales.jan, feb, mar, april))")
     189        >>> print(_unqualify_pivot_columns(expr).sql(dialect="snowflake"))
     190        SELECT * FROM m_sales UNPIVOT(sales FOR month IN (jan, feb, mar, april))
     191    """
     192    if isinstance(expression, exp.Pivot):
     193        if expression.unpivot:
     194            expression = transforms.unqualify_columns(expression)
     195        else:
     196            for field in expression.fields:
     197                field_expr = seq_get(field.expressions if field else [], 0)
     198
     199                if isinstance(field_expr, exp.PivotAny):
     200                    unqualified_field_expr = transforms.unqualify_columns(field_expr)
     201                    t.cast(exp.Expression, field).set("expressions", unqualified_field_expr, 0)
     202
     203    return expression
     204
     205
     206def _flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     207    assert isinstance(expression, exp.Create)
     208
     209    def _flatten_structured_type(expression: exp.DataType) -> exp.DataType:
     210        if expression.this in exp.DataType.NESTED_TYPES:
     211            expression.set("expressions", None)
     212        return expression
     213
     214    props = expression.args.get("properties")
     215    if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Schema) and not (props and props.find(exp.IcebergProperty)):
     216        for schema_expression in expression.this.expressions:
     217            if isinstance(schema_expression, exp.ColumnDef):
     218                column_type = schema_expression.kind
     219                if isinstance(column_type, exp.DataType):
     220                    column_type.transform(_flatten_structured_type, copy=False)
     221
     222    return expression
     223
     224
     225def _unnest_generate_date_array(unnest: exp.Unnest) -> None:
     226    generate_date_array = unnest.expressions[0]
     227    start = generate_date_array.args.get("start")
     228    end = generate_date_array.args.get("end")
     229    step = generate_date_array.args.get("step")
     230
     231    if not start or not end or not isinstance(step, exp.Interval) or step.name != "1":
     232        return
     233
     234    unit = step.args.get("unit")
     235
     236    unnest_alias = unnest.args.get("alias")
     237    if unnest_alias:
     238        unnest_alias = unnest_alias.copy()
     239        sequence_value_name = seq_get(unnest_alias.columns, 0) or "value"
     240    else:
     241        sequence_value_name = "value"
     242
     243    # We'll add the next sequence value to the starting date and project the result
     244    date_add = _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd)(
     245        [unit, exp.cast(sequence_value_name, "int"), exp.cast(start, "date")]
     246    ).as_(sequence_value_name)
     247
     248    # We use DATEDIFF to compute the number of sequence values needed
     249    number_sequence = Snowflake.Parser.FUNCTIONS["ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE"](
     250        [exp.Literal.number(0), _build_datediff([unit, start, end]) + 1]
     251    )
     252
     253    unnest.set("expressions", [number_sequence])
     254    unnest.replace(exp.select(date_add).from_(unnest.copy()).subquery(unnest_alias))
     255
     256
     257def _transform_generate_date_array(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
     258    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
     259        for generate_date_array in expression.find_all(exp.GenerateDateArray):
     260            parent = generate_date_array.parent
     261
     262            # If GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY is used directly as an array (e.g passed into ARRAY_LENGTH), the transformed Snowflake
     263            # query is the following (it'll be unnested properly on the next iteration due to copy):
     264            # SELECT ref(GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(...)) -> SELECT ref((SELECT ARRAY_AGG(*) FROM UNNEST(GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(...))))
     265            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Unnest):
     266                unnest = exp.Unnest(expressions=[generate_date_array.copy()])
     267                generate_date_array.replace(
     268                    exp.select(exp.ArrayAgg(this=exp.Star())).from_(unnest).subquery()
     269                )
     270
     271            if (
     272                isinstance(parent, exp.Unnest)
     273                and isinstance(parent.parent, (exp.From, exp.Join))
     274                and len(parent.expressions) == 1
     275            ):
     276                _unnest_generate_date_array(parent)
     277
     278    return expression
     279
     280
     281def _build_regexp_extract(expr_type: t.Type[E]) -> t.Callable[[t.List], E]:
     282    def _builder(args: t.List) -> E:
     283        return expr_type(
     284            this=seq_get(args, 0),
     285            expression=seq_get(args, 1),
     286            position=seq_get(args, 2),
     287            occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
     288            parameters=seq_get(args, 4),
     289            group=seq_get(args, 5) or exp.Literal.number(0),
     290        )
     291
     292    return _builder
     293
     294
     295def _regexpextract_sql(self, expression: exp.RegexpExtract | exp.RegexpExtractAll) -> str:
     296    # Other dialects don't support all of the following parameters, so we need to
     297    # generate default values as necessary to ensure the transpilation is correct
     298    group = expression.args.get("group")
     299
     300    # To avoid generating all these default values, we set group to None if
     301    # it's 0 (also default value) which doesn't trigger the following chain
     302    if group and group.name == "0":
     303        group = None
     304
     305    parameters = expression.args.get("parameters") or (group and exp.Literal.string("c"))
     306    occurrence = expression.args.get("occurrence") or (parameters and exp.Literal.number(1))
     307    position = expression.args.get("position") or (occurrence and exp.Literal.number(1))
     308
     309    return self.func(
     310        "REGEXP_SUBSTR" if isinstance(expression, exp.RegexpExtract) else "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL",
     311        expression.this,
     312        expression.expression,
     313        position,
     314        occurrence,
     315        parameters,
     316        group,
     317    )
     318
     319
     320def _json_extract_value_array_sql(
     321    self: Snowflake.Generator, expression: exp.JSONValueArray | exp.JSONExtractArray
     322) -> str:
     323    json_extract = exp.JSONExtract(this=expression.this, expression=expression.expression)
     324    ident = exp.to_identifier("x")
     325
     326    if isinstance(expression, exp.JSONValueArray):
     327        this: exp.Expression = exp.cast(ident, to=exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR)
     328    else:
     329        this = exp.ParseJSON(this=f"TO_JSON({ident})")
     330
     331    transform_lambda = exp.Lambda(expressions=[ident], this=this)
     332
     333    return self.func("TRANSFORM", json_extract, transform_lambda)
     334
     335
     336class Snowflake(Dialect):
     337    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     338    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     339    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     340    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     341    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     342    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     343    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     344    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     345    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     346    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     347
     348    TIME_MAPPING = {
     349        "YYYY": "%Y",
     350        "yyyy": "%Y",
     351        "YY": "%y",
     352        "yy": "%y",
     353        "MMMM": "%B",
     354        "mmmm": "%B",
     355        "MON": "%b",
     356        "mon": "%b",
     357        "MM": "%m",
     358        "mm": "%m",
     359        "DD": "%d",
     360        "dd": "%-d",
     361        "DY": "%a",
     362        "dy": "%w",
     363        "HH24": "%H",
     364        "hh24": "%H",
     365        "HH12": "%I",
     366        "hh12": "%I",
     367        "MI": "%M",
     368        "mi": "%M",
     369        "SS": "%S",
     370        "ss": "%S",
     371        "FF6": "%f",
     372        "ff6": "%f",
     373    }
     374
     375    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     376        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     377        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     378        if (
     379            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     380            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     381            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     382        ):
     383            return expression  # type: ignore
     384
     385        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     386
     387    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
     388        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
     389        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")
     390
     391    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     392        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     393        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     394        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     395
     396        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     397            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     398            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     399        }
     400
     401        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     402        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     403
     404        COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = ID_VAR_TOKENS | {TokenType.NUMBER}
     405
     406        FUNCTIONS = {
     407            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     408            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     409            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     410            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     411                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     412            ),
     413            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     414                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     415                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     416                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     417                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     418            ),
     419            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     420            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     421            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     422            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     423            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     424            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
     425            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     426            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
     427            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
     428            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     429            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     430            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     431            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     432            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     433            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
     434                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
     435            ),
     436            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     437            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     438                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     439            ),
     440            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
     441            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     442            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     443                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     444            ),
     445            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     446            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     447            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     448            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     449            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     450            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     451            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     452            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     453            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     454            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     455            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     456            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     457            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     458            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     459            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     460            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     461            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     462            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     463            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     464            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     465            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     466            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
     467            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     468                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     469            ),
     470            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
     471            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     472            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     473                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     474                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     475                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     476                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     477            ),
     478            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     479            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     480            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     481            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     482            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     483            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     484            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     485        }
     486
     487        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     488            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     489            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     490            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     491            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
     492        }
     493        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     494
     495        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     496
     497        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     498            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     499            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     500            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     501        }
     502
     503        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     504            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     505            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     506                exp.Set,
     507                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     508                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     509                unset=True,
     510            ),
     511        }
     512
     513        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     514            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     515            TokenType.GET: lambda self: self._parse_get(),
     516            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
     517            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     518        }
     519
     520        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     521            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     522            "CREDENTIALS": lambda self: self._parse_credentials_property(),
     523            "FILE_FORMAT": lambda self: self._parse_file_format_property(),
     524            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     525            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
     526            "USING": lambda self: self._match_text_seq("TEMPLATE")
     527            and self.expression(exp.UsingTemplateProperty, this=self._parse_statement()),
     528        }
     529
     530        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     531            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     532            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     533        }
     534
     535        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     536            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     537            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     538            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     539            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     540            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     541            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     542            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     543            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     544            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     545            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     546            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     547            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     548            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     549            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     550            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     551            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     552            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     553            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     554            "STAGES": _show_parser("STAGES"),
     555            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     556            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     557            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     558            "FILE FORMATS": _show_parser("FILE FORMATS"),
     559            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
     560            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
     561            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
     562        }
     563
     564        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     565            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     566            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     567            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     568            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     569            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     570        }
     571
     572        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     573            TokenType.DOT,
     574            TokenType.MOD,
     575            TokenType.SLASH,
     576        }
     577
     578        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     579
     580        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     581
     582        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     583
     584        LAMBDAS = {
     585            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     586            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     587                exp.Lambda,
     588                this=self._replace_lambda(
     589                    self._parse_assignment(),
     590                    expressions,
     591                ),
     592                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     593            ),
     594        }
     595
     596        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
     597            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
     598                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
     599                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
     600                return self.expression(
     601                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
     602                )
     603
     604            return super()._parse_use()
     605
     606        def _negate_range(
     607            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     608        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     609            if not this:
     610                return this
     611
     612            query = this.args.get("query")
     613            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     614                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     615                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     616                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     617                #
     618                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     619                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     620                return self.expression(
     621                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     622                )
     623
     624            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     625
     626        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
     627            return self.expression(
     628                exp.Tags,
     629                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     630            )
     631
     632        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     633            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     634                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     635
     636            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     637                policy = self._parse_column()
     638                return self.expression(
     639                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     640                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     641                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     642                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     643                )
     644            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     645                policy = self._parse_column()
     646                return self.expression(
     647                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     648                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     649                )
     650            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     651                return self._parse_tag()
     652
     653            return None
     654
     655        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
     656            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     657                return self._parse_tag()
     658
     659            return super()._parse_with_property()
     660
     661        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     662            expression = super()._parse_create()
     663            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     664                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     665                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     666
     667            return expression
     668
     669        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     670        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     671        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     672            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     673
     674            if not this:
     675                return None
     676
     677            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     678            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     679            this = map_date_part(this)
     680            name = this.name.upper()
     681
     682            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     683                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     684                    scale = 10**3
     685                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     686                    scale = 10**6
     687                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     688                    scale = 10**9
     689                else:
     690                    scale = None
     691
     692                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     693                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     694
     695                if scale:
     696                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     697
     698                return to_unix
     699
     700            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     701
     702        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     703            if is_map:
     704                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     705                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     706                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     707                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     708
     709            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     710
     711        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     712            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     713            if not lateral:
     714                return lateral
     715
     716            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     717                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     718                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     719                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     720                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     721                elif not table_alias:
     722                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     723
     724            return lateral
     725
     726        def _parse_table_parts(
     727            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     728        ) -> exp.Table:
     729            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     730            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     731                table = self._parse_string()
     732            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     733                table = self._parse_location_path()
     734            else:
     735                table = None
     736
     737            if table:
     738                file_format = None
     739                pattern = None
     740
     741                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     742                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     743                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     744                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     745                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     746                        )
     747                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     748                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     749                    else:
     750                        break
     751
     752                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     753
     754                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     755            else:
     756                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     757
     758            return table
     759
     760        def _parse_table(
     761            self,
     762            schema: bool = False,
     763            joins: bool = False,
     764            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     765            parse_bracket: bool = False,
     766            is_db_reference: bool = False,
     767            parse_partition: bool = False,
     768        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     769            table = super()._parse_table(
     770                schema=schema,
     771                joins=joins,
     772                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
     773                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
     774                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
     775                parse_partition=parse_partition,
     776            )
     777            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
     778                table_from_rows = table.this
     779                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
     780                    if arg != "this":
     781                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
     782
     783                table = table_from_rows
     784
     785            return table
     786
     787        def _parse_id_var(
     788            self,
     789            any_token: bool = True,
     790            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     791        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     792            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     793                identifier = (
     794                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     795                    or self._parse_string()
     796                )
     797                self._match_r_paren()
     798                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     799
     800            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     801
     802        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     803            scope = None
     804            scope_kind = None
     805
     806            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     807            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     808            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     809
     810            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     811
     812            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     813
     814            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     815                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     816                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     817                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
     818                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
     819                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     820                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
     821                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
     822                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
     823                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
     824                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     825                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     826                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     827                    if self._curr:
     828                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     829                elif self._curr:
     830                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     831                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     832
     833            return self.expression(
     834                exp.Show,
     835                **{
     836                    "terse": terse,
     837                    "this": this,
     838                    "history": history,
     839                    "like": like,
     840                    "scope": scope,
     841                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     842                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     843                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     844                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     845                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
     846                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
     847                },
     848            )
     849
     850        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
     851            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
     852                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     853
     854            return self.expression(
     855                exp.Put,
     856                this=self._parse_string(),
     857                target=self._parse_location_path(),
     858                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     859            )
     860
     861        def _parse_get(self) -> exp.Get | exp.Command:
     862            start = self._prev
     863            target = self._parse_location_path()
     864
     865            # Parse as command if unquoted file path
     866            if self._curr.token_type == TokenType.URI_START:
     867                return self._parse_as_command(start)
     868
     869            return self.expression(
     870                exp.Get,
     871                this=self._parse_string(),
     872                target=target,
     873                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     874            )
     875
     876        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     877            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     878            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     879
     880        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     881            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     882            return (
     883                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     884                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     885                else self._parse_table_parts()
     886            )
     887
     888        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     889            start = self._curr
     890            self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     891
     892            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     893            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     894            # in case of subqueries
     895            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     896                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     897            ):
     898                self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     899
     900            return exp.var(self._find_sql(start, self._prev))
     901
     902        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     903            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     904
     905            if not this:
     906                return this
     907
     908            typ = self._parse_types()
     909
     910            if typ:
     911                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     912
     913            return this
     914
     915        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
     916            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
     917            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
     918                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
     919
     920            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
     921            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
     922
     923        def _parse_file_format_property(self) -> exp.FileFormatProperty:
     924            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     925            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
     926                expressions = self._parse_wrapped_options()
     927            else:
     928                expressions = [self._parse_format_name()]
     929
     930            return self.expression(
     931                exp.FileFormatProperty,
     932                expressions=expressions,
     933            )
     934
     935        def _parse_credentials_property(self) -> exp.CredentialsProperty:
     936            return self.expression(
     937                exp.CredentialsProperty,
     938                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_options(),
     939            )
     940
     941    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     942        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     943        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     944        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     945        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     946        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     947
     948        KEYWORDS = {
     949            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     950            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
     951            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     952            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     953            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     954            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     955            "FILE FORMAT": TokenType.FILE_FORMAT,
     956            "GET": TokenType.GET,
     957            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     958            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     959            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     960            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     961            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     962            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     963            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
     964            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     965            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     966            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     967            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     968            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     969            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     970            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     971            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     972            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     973            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     974            "STAGE": TokenType.STAGE,
     975            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     976        }
     977        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     978
     979        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     980            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     981            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     982        }
     983
     984        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     985
     986        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     987
     988    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     989        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     990        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     991        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     992        JOIN_HINTS = False
     993        TABLE_HINTS = False
     994        QUERY_HINTS = False
     995        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     996        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     997        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     998        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
     999        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
    1000        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
    1001        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    1002        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
    1003        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
    1004        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
    1005        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
    1006        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
    1007        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
    1008        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    1009        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
    1010        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
    1011
    1012        TRANSFORMS = {
    1013            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    1014            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    1015            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    1016            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    1017            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
    1018            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
    1019            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
    1020            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1021                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
    1022            ),
    1023            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
    1024            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
    1025            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    1026            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    1027            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
    1028            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
    1029            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1030            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1031            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
    1032            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    1033            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    1034            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    1035            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
    1036            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
    1037            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
    1038            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    1039            e: f"FILE_FORMAT=({self.expressions(e, 'expressions', sep=' ')})",
    1040            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1041                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
    1042            ),
    1043            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1044                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
    1045            ),
    1046            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1047            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1048            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1049            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1050                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1051            ),
    1052            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1053            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1054            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1055            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1056                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1057            ),
    1058            exp.LocationProperty: lambda self, e: f"LOCATION={self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1059            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1060            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1061            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1062            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1063            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1064            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1065            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1066                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1067            ),
    1068            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1069            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1070                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1071            ),
    1072            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1073                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1074            ),
    1075            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1076            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1077            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1078            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1079            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1080            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1081                [
    1082                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1083                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
    1084                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1085                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1086                ]
    1087            ),
    1088            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1089            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1090            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1091            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1092                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1093            ),
    1094            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1095            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1096            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1097            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1098            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1099            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1100                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1101            ),
    1102            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1103            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1104            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1105            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1106            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1107            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1108            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1109            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1110            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1111                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1112            ),
    1113            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1114                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1115            ),
    1116            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1117            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1118            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1119            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1120            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1121            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1122        }
    1123
    1124        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1125            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1126            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1127            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1128        }
    1129
    1130        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1131            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1132            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1133            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1134        }
    1135
    1136        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1137            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1138        }
    1139
    1140        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1141            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1142            exp.CredentialsProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1143            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1144            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1145            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1146            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1147        }
    1148
    1149        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1150            exp.Map,
    1151            exp.StarMap,
    1152            exp.Struct,
    1153            exp.VarMap,
    1154        }
    1155
    1156        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1157            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1158
    1159        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1160            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1161                values_as_table = False
    1162
    1163            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1164
    1165        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1166            expressions = expression.expressions
    1167            if (
    1168                expressions
    1169                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1170                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1171            ):
    1172                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1173                return "OBJECT"
    1174
    1175            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1176
    1177        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1178            return self.func(
    1179                "TO_NUMBER",
    1180                expression.this,
    1181                expression.args.get("format"),
    1182                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1183                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1184            )
    1185
    1186        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1187            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1188            if milli is not None:
    1189                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1190                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1191
    1192            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1193
    1194        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1195            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1196                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1197            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1198                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1199
    1200            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1201
    1202        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1203            value = expression.this
    1204
    1205            if value.type is None:
    1206                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1207
    1208                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1209
    1210            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1211                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1212
    1213            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1214            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1215
    1216        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1217            if not expression.expression:
    1218                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1219
    1220            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1221
    1222        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1223            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1224            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1225
    1226            columns = [
    1227                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1228                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1229                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1230                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1231                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1232                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1233                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1234            ]
    1235
    1236            if unnest_alias:
    1237                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1238            else:
    1239                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1240
    1241            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1242            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1243                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1244
    1245            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1246            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1247            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1248            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1249
    1250        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1251            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1252            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1253            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1254            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1255
    1256            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1257            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1258
    1259            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1260            if scope_kind:
    1261                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1262
    1263            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1264            if starts_with:
    1265                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1266
    1267            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1268
    1269            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1270            if from_:
    1271                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1272
    1273            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1274            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1275
    1276            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1277
    1278        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1279            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1280            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1281            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1282            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1283            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1284            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1285            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1286
    1287        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1288            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1289        ) -> str:
    1290            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1291            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1292            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1293            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1294            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1295
    1296        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1297            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1298
    1299        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1300            keys = []
    1301            values = []
    1302
    1303            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1304                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1305                    keys.append(
    1306                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1307                    )
    1308                    values.append(e.expression)
    1309                else:
    1310                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1311                    values.append(e)
    1312
    1313            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1314
    1315        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1316        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1317            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1318
    1319        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1320            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1321            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1322            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1323            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1324            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1325            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1326            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1327            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1328
    1329            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1330
    1331        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1332            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1333            return self.func(
    1334                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1335            )
    1336
    1337        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1338            return self.sql(
    1339                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1340                    this=expression.this,
    1341                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1342                    unit=expression.unit,
    1343                )
    1344            )
    1345
    1346        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1347            this = expression.this
    1348
    1349            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1350            return self.func(
    1351                "GET_PATH",
    1352                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1353                expression.expression,
    1354            )
    1355
    1356        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1357            this = expression.this
    1358            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1359                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1360
    1361            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1362
    1363        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1364            value = expression.expression
    1365            if value:
    1366                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1367            else:
    1368                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1369
    1370            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1371
    1372        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1373            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1374            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1375            if offset and not limit:
    1376                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1377            return super().select_sql(expression)

class Snowflake(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect): View Source

     337class Snowflake(Dialect):
     338    # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/identifiers-syntax
     339    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE
     340    NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_large"
     341    TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
     342    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
     343    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
     344    PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True
     345    TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True
     346    COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False
     347    ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS = None
     348
     349    TIME_MAPPING = {
     350        "YYYY": "%Y",
     351        "yyyy": "%Y",
     352        "YY": "%y",
     353        "yy": "%y",
     354        "MMMM": "%B",
     355        "mmmm": "%B",
     356        "MON": "%b",
     357        "mon": "%b",
     358        "MM": "%m",
     359        "mm": "%m",
     360        "DD": "%d",
     361        "dd": "%-d",
     362        "DY": "%a",
     363        "dy": "%w",
     364        "HH24": "%H",
     365        "hh24": "%H",
     366        "HH12": "%I",
     367        "hh12": "%I",
     368        "MI": "%M",
     369        "mi": "%M",
     370        "SS": "%S",
     371        "ss": "%S",
     372        "FF6": "%f",
     373        "ff6": "%f",
     374    }
     375
     376    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
     377        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
     378        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
     379        if (
     380            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
     381            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
     382            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
     383        ):
     384            return expression  # type: ignore
     385
     386        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)
     387
     388    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
     389        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
     390        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")
     391
     392    class Parser(parser.Parser):
     393        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
     394        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
     395        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
     396
     397        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
     398            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
     399            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     400        }
     401
     402        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
     403        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
     404
     405        COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = ID_VAR_TOKENS | {TokenType.NUMBER}
     406
     407        FUNCTIONS = {
     408            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
     409            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
     410            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
     411            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
     412                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
     413            ),
     414            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
     415                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
     416                start=seq_get(args, 0),
     417                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
     418                step=seq_get(args, 2),
     419            ),
     420            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     421            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
     422            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     423            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
     424            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
     425            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
     426            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
     427            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
     428            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
     429            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     430            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
     431            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     432            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     433            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
     434            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
     435                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
     436            ),
     437            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
     438            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
     439                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
     440            ),
     441            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
     442            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
     443            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
     444                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
     445            ),
     446            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     447            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
     448            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
     449            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
     450            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     451            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
     452            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
     453            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
     454            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
     455            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
     456            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
     457            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
     458            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
     459            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
     460            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
     461            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     462            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     463            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     464            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
     465            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
     466            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
     467            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
     468            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
     469                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
     470            ),
     471            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
     472            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
     473            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
     474                this=seq_get(args, 0),
     475                format=seq_get(args, 1),
     476                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
     477                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
     478            ),
     479            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
     480            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     481            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
     482            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
     483            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
     484            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
     485            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
     486        }
     487
     488        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
     489            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
     490            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
     491            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
     492            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
     493        }
     494        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
     495
     496        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
     497
     498        RANGE_PARSERS = {
     499            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
     500            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
     501            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
     502        }
     503
     504        ALTER_PARSERS = {
     505            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
     506            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
     507                exp.Set,
     508                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
     509                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     510                unset=True,
     511            ),
     512        }
     513
     514        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
     515            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
     516            TokenType.GET: lambda self: self._parse_get(),
     517            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
     518            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
     519        }
     520
     521        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
     522            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
     523            "CREDENTIALS": lambda self: self._parse_credentials_property(),
     524            "FILE_FORMAT": lambda self: self._parse_file_format_property(),
     525            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
     526            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
     527            "USING": lambda self: self._match_text_seq("TEMPLATE")
     528            and self.expression(exp.UsingTemplateProperty, this=self._parse_statement()),
     529        }
     530
     531        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
     532            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
     533            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
     534        }
     535
     536        SHOW_PARSERS = {
     537            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     538            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
     539            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     540            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
     541            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     542            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
     543            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     544            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
     545            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     546            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
     547            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     548            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
     549            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     550            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
     551            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     552            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
     553            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     554            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
     555            "STAGES": _show_parser("STAGES"),
     556            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
     557            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     558            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
     559            "FILE FORMATS": _show_parser("FILE FORMATS"),
     560            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
     561            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
     562            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
     563        }
     564
     565        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
     566            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
     567            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     568            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     569            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     570            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
     571        }
     572
     573        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     574            TokenType.DOT,
     575            TokenType.MOD,
     576            TokenType.SLASH,
     577        }
     578
     579        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
     580
     581        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
     582
     583        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
     584
     585        LAMBDAS = {
     586            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
     587            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
     588                exp.Lambda,
     589                this=self._replace_lambda(
     590                    self._parse_assignment(),
     591                    expressions,
     592                ),
     593                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
     594            ),
     595        }
     596
     597        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
     598            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
     599                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
     600                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
     601                return self.expression(
     602                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
     603                )
     604
     605            return super()._parse_use()
     606
     607        def _negate_range(
     608            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
     609        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     610            if not this:
     611                return this
     612
     613            query = this.args.get("query")
     614            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
     615                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
     616                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
     617                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
     618                #
     619                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
     620                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
     621                return self.expression(
     622                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
     623                )
     624
     625            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
     626
     627        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
     628            return self.expression(
     629                exp.Tags,
     630                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
     631            )
     632
     633        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     634            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
     635                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
     636
     637            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
     638                policy = self._parse_column()
     639                return self.expression(
     640                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
     641                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     642                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
     643                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
     644                )
     645            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
     646                policy = self._parse_column()
     647                return self.expression(
     648                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
     649                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
     650                )
     651            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     652                return self._parse_tag()
     653
     654            return None
     655
     656        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
     657            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
     658                return self._parse_tag()
     659
     660            return super()._parse_with_property()
     661
     662        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
     663            expression = super()._parse_create()
     664            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
     665                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
     666                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
     667
     668            return expression
     669
     670        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
     671        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
     672        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     673            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
     674
     675            if not this:
     676                return None
     677
     678            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     679            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
     680            this = map_date_part(this)
     681            name = this.name.upper()
     682
     683            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
     684                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
     685                    scale = 10**3
     686                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
     687                    scale = 10**6
     688                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
     689                    scale = 10**9
     690                else:
     691                    scale = None
     692
     693                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
     694                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
     695
     696                if scale:
     697                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
     698
     699                return to_unix
     700
     701            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
     702
     703        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     704            if is_map:
     705                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
     706                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
     707                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
     708                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
     709
     710            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
     711
     712        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
     713            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
     714            if not lateral:
     715                return lateral
     716
     717            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
     718                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
     719                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
     720                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
     721                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
     722                elif not table_alias:
     723                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
     724
     725            return lateral
     726
     727        def _parse_table_parts(
     728            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
     729        ) -> exp.Table:
     730            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
     731            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
     732                table = self._parse_string()
     733            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
     734                table = self._parse_location_path()
     735            else:
     736                table = None
     737
     738            if table:
     739                file_format = None
     740                pattern = None
     741
     742                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
     743                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
     744                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
     745                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
     746                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
     747                        )
     748                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
     749                        pattern = self._parse_string()
     750                    else:
     751                        break
     752
     753                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
     754
     755                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
     756            else:
     757                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
     758
     759            return table
     760
     761        def _parse_table(
     762            self,
     763            schema: bool = False,
     764            joins: bool = False,
     765            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     766            parse_bracket: bool = False,
     767            is_db_reference: bool = False,
     768            parse_partition: bool = False,
     769        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     770            table = super()._parse_table(
     771                schema=schema,
     772                joins=joins,
     773                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
     774                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
     775                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
     776                parse_partition=parse_partition,
     777            )
     778            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
     779                table_from_rows = table.this
     780                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
     781                    if arg != "this":
     782                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
     783
     784                table = table_from_rows
     785
     786            return table
     787
     788        def _parse_id_var(
     789            self,
     790            any_token: bool = True,
     791            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
     792        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     793            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
     794                identifier = (
     795                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     796                    or self._parse_string()
     797                )
     798                self._match_r_paren()
     799                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
     800
     801            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
     802
     803        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
     804            scope = None
     805            scope_kind = None
     806
     807            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
     808            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
     809            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
     810
     811            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
     812
     813            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
     814
     815            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
     816                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
     817                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
     818                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
     819                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
     820                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     821                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
     822                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
     823                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
     824                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
     825                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     826                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
     827                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
     828                    if self._curr:
     829                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     830                elif self._curr:
     831                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
     832                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
     833
     834            return self.expression(
     835                exp.Show,
     836                **{
     837                    "terse": terse,
     838                    "this": this,
     839                    "history": history,
     840                    "like": like,
     841                    "scope": scope,
     842                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
     843                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
     844                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
     845                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
     846                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
     847                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
     848                },
     849            )
     850
     851        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
     852            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
     853                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
     854
     855            return self.expression(
     856                exp.Put,
     857                this=self._parse_string(),
     858                target=self._parse_location_path(),
     859                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     860            )
     861
     862        def _parse_get(self) -> exp.Get | exp.Command:
     863            start = self._prev
     864            target = self._parse_location_path()
     865
     866            # Parse as command if unquoted file path
     867            if self._curr.token_type == TokenType.URI_START:
     868                return self._parse_as_command(start)
     869
     870            return self.expression(
     871                exp.Get,
     872                this=self._parse_string(),
     873                target=target,
     874                properties=self._parse_properties(),
     875            )
     876
     877        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
     878            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     879            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
     880
     881        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     882            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
     883            return (
     884                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
     885                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
     886                else self._parse_table_parts()
     887            )
     888
     889        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
     890            start = self._curr
     891            self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     892
     893            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
     894            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
     895            # in case of subqueries
     896            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
     897                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
     898            ):
     899                self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
     900
     901            return exp.var(self._find_sql(start, self._prev))
     902
     903        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
     904            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
     905
     906            if not this:
     907                return this
     908
     909            typ = self._parse_types()
     910
     911            if typ:
     912                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
     913
     914            return this
     915
     916        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
     917            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
     918            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
     919                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
     920
     921            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
     922            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
     923
     924        def _parse_file_format_property(self) -> exp.FileFormatProperty:
     925            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
     926            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
     927                expressions = self._parse_wrapped_options()
     928            else:
     929                expressions = [self._parse_format_name()]
     930
     931            return self.expression(
     932                exp.FileFormatProperty,
     933                expressions=expressions,
     934            )
     935
     936        def _parse_credentials_property(self) -> exp.CredentialsProperty:
     937            return self.expression(
     938                exp.CredentialsProperty,
     939                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_options(),
     940            )
     941
     942    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
     943        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
     944        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
     945        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
     946        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
     947        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
     948
     949        KEYWORDS = {
     950            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
     951            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
     952            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
     953            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     954            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     955            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     956            "FILE FORMAT": TokenType.FILE_FORMAT,
     957            "GET": TokenType.GET,
     958            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
     959            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
     960            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
     961            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
     962            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
     963            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     964            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
     965            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
     966            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
     967            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
     968            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
     969            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
     970            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
     971            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
     972            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
     973            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
     974            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
     975            "STAGE": TokenType.STAGE,
     976            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
     977        }
     978        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
     979
     980        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
     981            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
     982            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
     983        }
     984
     985        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
     986
     987        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}
     988
     989    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     990        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     991        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     992        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     993        JOIN_HINTS = False
     994        TABLE_HINTS = False
     995        QUERY_HINTS = False
     996        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     997        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     998        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     999        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    1000        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
    1001        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
    1002        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    1003        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
    1004        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
    1005        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
    1006        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
    1007        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
    1008        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
    1009        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    1010        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
    1011        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
    1012
    1013        TRANSFORMS = {
    1014            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    1015            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    1016            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    1017            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    1018            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
    1019            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
    1020            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
    1021            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1022                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
    1023            ),
    1024            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
    1025            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
    1026            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    1027            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    1028            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
    1029            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
    1030            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1031            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1032            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
    1033            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    1034            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    1035            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    1036            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
    1037            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
    1038            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
    1039            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    1040            e: f"FILE_FORMAT=({self.expressions(e, 'expressions', sep=' ')})",
    1041            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1042                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
    1043            ),
    1044            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1045                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
    1046            ),
    1047            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1048            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1049            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1050            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1051                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1052            ),
    1053            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1054            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1055            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1056            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1057                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1058            ),
    1059            exp.LocationProperty: lambda self, e: f"LOCATION={self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1060            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1061            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1062            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1063            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1064            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1065            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1066            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1067                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1068            ),
    1069            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1070            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1071                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1072            ),
    1073            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1074                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1075            ),
    1076            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1077            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1078            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1079            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1080            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1081            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1082                [
    1083                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1084                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
    1085                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1086                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1087                ]
    1088            ),
    1089            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1090            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1091            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1092            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1093                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1094            ),
    1095            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1096            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1097            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1098            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1099            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1100            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1101                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1102            ),
    1103            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1104            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1105            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1106            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1107            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1108            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1109            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1110            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1111            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1112                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1113            ),
    1114            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1115                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1116            ),
    1117            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1118            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1119            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1120            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1121            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1122            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1123        }
    1124
    1125        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1126            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1127            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1128            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1129        }
    1130
    1131        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1132            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1133            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1134            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1135        }
    1136
    1137        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1138            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1139        }
    1140
    1141        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1142            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1143            exp.CredentialsProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1144            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1145            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1146            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1147            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1148        }
    1149
    1150        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1151            exp.Map,
    1152            exp.StarMap,
    1153            exp.Struct,
    1154            exp.VarMap,
    1155        }
    1156
    1157        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1158            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1159
    1160        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1161            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1162                values_as_table = False
    1163
    1164            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1165
    1166        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1167            expressions = expression.expressions
    1168            if (
    1169                expressions
    1170                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1171                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1172            ):
    1173                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1174                return "OBJECT"
    1175
    1176            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1177
    1178        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1179            return self.func(
    1180                "TO_NUMBER",
    1181                expression.this,
    1182                expression.args.get("format"),
    1183                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1184                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1185            )
    1186
    1187        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1188            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1189            if milli is not None:
    1190                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1191                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1192
    1193            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1194
    1195        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1196            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1197                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1198            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1199                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1200
    1201            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1202
    1203        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1204            value = expression.this
    1205
    1206            if value.type is None:
    1207                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1208
    1209                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1210
    1211            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1212                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1213
    1214            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1215            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1216
    1217        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1218            if not expression.expression:
    1219                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1220
    1221            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1222
    1223        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1224            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1225            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1226
    1227            columns = [
    1228                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1229                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1230                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1231                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1232                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1233                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1234                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1235            ]
    1236
    1237            if unnest_alias:
    1238                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1239            else:
    1240                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1241
    1242            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1243            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1244                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1245
    1246            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1247            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1248            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1249            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1250
    1251        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1252            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1253            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1254            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1255            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1256
    1257            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1258            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1259
    1260            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1261            if scope_kind:
    1262                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1263
    1264            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1265            if starts_with:
    1266                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1267
    1268            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1269
    1270            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1271            if from_:
    1272                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1273
    1274            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1275            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1276
    1277            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1278
    1279        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1280            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1281            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1282            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1283            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1284            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1285            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1286            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1287
    1288        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1289            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1290        ) -> str:
    1291            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1292            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1293            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1294            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1295            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1296
    1297        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1298            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1299
    1300        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1301            keys = []
    1302            values = []
    1303
    1304            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1305                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1306                    keys.append(
    1307                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1308                    )
    1309                    values.append(e.expression)
    1310                else:
    1311                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1312                    values.append(e)
    1313
    1314            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1315
    1316        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1317        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1318            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1319
    1320        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1321            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1322            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1323            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1324            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1325            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1326            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1327            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1328            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1329
    1330            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1331
    1332        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1333            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1334            return self.func(
    1335                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1336            )
    1337
    1338        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1339            return self.sql(
    1340                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1341                    this=expression.this,
    1342                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1343                    unit=expression.unit,
    1344                )
    1345            )
    1346
    1347        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1348            this = expression.this
    1349
    1350            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1351            return self.func(
    1352                "GET_PATH",
    1353                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1354                expression.expression,
    1355            )
    1356
    1357        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1358            this = expression.this
    1359            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1360                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1361
    1362            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1363
    1364        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1365            value = expression.expression
    1366            if value:
    1367                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1368            else:
    1369                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1370
    1371            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1372
    1373        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1374            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1375            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1376            if offset and not limit:
    1377                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1378            return super().select_sql(expression)

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.UPPERCASE: 'UPPERCASE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NULL_ORDERING = 'nulls_are_large'

Default `NULL` ordering method to use if not explicitly set. Possible values: `"nulls_are_small"`, `"nulls_are_large"`, `"nulls_are_last"`

TIME_FORMAT = "'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'"
SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether `SEMI` or `ANTI` joins are supported.

PREFER_CTE_ALIAS_COLUMN = True

Some dialects, such as Snowflake, allow you to reference a CTE column alias in the HAVING clause of the CTE. This flag will cause the CTE alias columns to override any projection aliases in the subquery.

For example, WITH y(c) AS ( SELECT SUM(a) FROM (SELECT 1 a) AS x HAVING c > 0 ) SELECT c FROM y;

    will be rewritten as

    WITH y(c) AS (
        SELECT SUM(a) AS c FROM (SELECT 1 AS a) AS x HAVING c > 0
    ) SELECT c FROM y;

TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_PERCENT = True

Whether a size in the table sample clause represents percentage.

COPY_PARAMS_ARE_CSV = False

Whether COPY statement parameters are separated by comma or whitespace

ARRAY_AGG_INCLUDES_NULLS: Optional[bool] = None

Whether ArrayAgg needs to filter NULL values.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'YYYY': '%Y', 'yyyy': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'yy': '%y', 'MMMM': '%B', 'mmmm': '%B', 'MON': '%b', 'mon': '%b', 'MM': '%m', 'mm': '%m', 'DD': '%d', 'dd': '%-d', 'DY': '%a', 'dy': '%w', 'HH24': '%H', 'hh24': '%H', 'HH12': '%I', 'hh12': '%I', 'MI': '%M', 'mi': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'ss': '%S', 'FF6': '%f', 'ff6': '%f'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python `strftime` formats.

def quote_identifier(self, expression: ~E, identify: bool = True) -> ~E: View Source

    376    def quote_identifier(self, expression: E, identify: bool = True) -> E:
    377        # This disables quoting DUAL in SELECT ... FROM DUAL, because Snowflake treats an
    378        # unquoted DUAL keyword in a special way and does not map it to a user-defined table
    379        if (
    380            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
    381            and isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Table)
    382            and expression.name.lower() == "dual"
    383        ):
    384            return expression  # type: ignore
    385
    386        return super().quote_identifier(expression, identify=identify)

Adds quotes to a given identifier.

###### Arguments:

- expression: The expression of interest. If it's not an `Identifier`, this method is a no-op.
- identify: If set to `False`, the quotes will only be added if the identifier is deemed "unsafe", with respect to its characters and this dialect's normalization strategy.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (`\n`) to its unescaped version (`` ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'Snowflake.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'Snowflake.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'Snowflake.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {'6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {'6': {0: True}}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'y': {'y': {'y': {'y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {'M': {'M': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'm': {'m': {'m': {'m': {0: True}}, 0: True}, 'o': {'n': {0: True}}, 'i': {0: True}}, 'D': {'D': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}}, 'd': {'d': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'h': {'h': {'2': {'4': {0: True}}, '1': {'2': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True}}, 's': {'s': {0: True}}, 'F': {'F': {'6': {0: True}}}, 'f': {'f': {'6': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%Y': 'yyyy', '%y': 'yy', '%B': 'mmmm', '%b': 'mon', '%m': 'mm', '%d': 'DD', '%-d': 'dd', '%a': 'DY', '%w': 'dy', '%H': 'hh24', '%I': 'hh12', '%M': 'mi', '%S': 'ss', '%f': 'ff6'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'd': {0: True}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}, 'a': {0: True}, 'w': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '"'
IDENTIFIER_END = '"'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = "x'"
HEX_END: Optional[str] = "'"
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = None
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class Snowflake.JSONPathTokenizer(sqlglot.jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer): View Source

    388    class JSONPathTokenizer(jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer):
    389        SINGLE_TOKENS = jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS.copy()
    390        SINGLE_TOKENS.pop("$")

SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, "'": <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '"': <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEX_STRINGS
  RAW_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  NESTED_COMMENTS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMANDS
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  COMMENTS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens
sqlglot.jsonpath.JSONPathTokenizer
  KEYWORDS
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  STRING_ESCAPES

class Snowflake.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser): View Source

    392    class Parser(parser.Parser):
    393        IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
    394        DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = "BERNOULLI"
    395        COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
    396
    397        ID_VAR_TOKENS = {
    398            *parser.Parser.ID_VAR_TOKENS,
    399            TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    400        }
    401
    402        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS | {TokenType.WINDOW}
    403        TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS.discard(TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION)
    404
    405        COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = ID_VAR_TOKENS | {TokenType.NUMBER}
    406
    407        FUNCTIONS = {
    408            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
    409            "APPROX_PERCENTILE": exp.ApproxQuantile.from_arg_list,
    410            "ARRAY_CONSTRUCT": lambda args: exp.Array(expressions=args),
    411            "ARRAY_CONTAINS": lambda args: exp.ArrayContains(
    412                this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=seq_get(args, 0)
    413            ),
    414            "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE": lambda args: exp.GenerateSeries(
    415                # ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE has an exlusive end; we normalize it to be inclusive
    416                start=seq_get(args, 0),
    417                end=exp.Sub(this=seq_get(args, 1), expression=exp.Literal.number(1)),
    418                step=seq_get(args, 2),
    419            ),
    420            "BITXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
    421            "BIT_XOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseXor, "BITXOR"),
    422            "BITOR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
    423            "BIT_OR": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseOr, "BITOR"),
    424            "BITSHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    425            "BIT_SHIFTLEFT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseLeftShift, "BIT_SHIFTLEFT"),
    426            "BITSHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    427            "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT": _build_bitwise(exp.BitwiseRightShift, "BIT_SHIFTRIGHT"),
    428            "BOOLXOR": _build_bitwise(exp.Xor, "BOOLXOR"),
    429            "DATE": _build_datetime("DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    430            "DATE_TRUNC": _date_trunc_to_time,
    431            "DATEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    432            "DATEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    433            "DIV0": _build_if_from_div0,
    434            "EDITDISTANCE": lambda args: exp.Levenshtein(
    435                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1), max_dist=seq_get(args, 2)
    436            ),
    437            "FLATTEN": exp.Explode.from_arg_list,
    438            "GET_PATH": lambda args, dialect: exp.JSONExtract(
    439                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=dialect.to_json_path(seq_get(args, 1))
    440            ),
    441            "HEX_DECODE_BINARY": exp.Unhex.from_arg_list,
    442            "IFF": exp.If.from_arg_list,
    443            "LAST_DAY": lambda args: exp.LastDay(
    444                this=seq_get(args, 0), unit=map_date_part(seq_get(args, 1))
    445            ),
    446            "LEN": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    447            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
    448            "NULLIFZERO": _build_if_from_nullifzero,
    449            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT": _build_object_construct,
    450            "REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    451            "REGEXP_REPLACE": _build_regexp_replace,
    452            "REGEXP_SUBSTR": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtract),
    453            "REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL": _build_regexp_extract(exp.RegexpExtractAll),
    454            "RLIKE": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
    455            "SQUARE": lambda args: exp.Pow(this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=exp.Literal.number(2)),
    456            "TABLE": lambda args: exp.TableFromRows(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
    457            "TIMEADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.TimeAdd),
    458            "TIMEDIFF": _build_datediff,
    459            "TIMESTAMPADD": _build_date_time_add(exp.DateAdd),
    460            "TIMESTAMPDIFF": _build_datediff,
    461            "TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    462            "TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    463            "TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    464            "TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS": build_timestamp_from_parts,
    465            "TRY_PARSE_JSON": lambda args: exp.ParseJSON(this=seq_get(args, 0), safe=True),
    466            "TRY_TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE, safe=True),
    467            "TRY_TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TRY_TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME, safe=True),
    468            "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime(
    469                "TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP, safe=True
    470            ),
    471            "TO_CHAR": build_timetostr_or_tochar,
    472            "TO_DATE": _build_datetime("TO_DATE", exp.DataType.Type.DATE),
    473            "TO_NUMBER": lambda args: exp.ToNumber(
    474                this=seq_get(args, 0),
    475                format=seq_get(args, 1),
    476                precision=seq_get(args, 2),
    477                scale=seq_get(args, 3),
    478            ),
    479            "TO_TIME": _build_datetime("TO_TIME", exp.DataType.Type.TIME),
    480            "TO_TIMESTAMP": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    481            "TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ),
    482            "TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP),
    483            "TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ": _build_datetime("TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ", exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ),
    484            "TO_VARCHAR": exp.ToChar.from_arg_list,
    485            "ZEROIFNULL": _build_if_from_zeroifnull,
    486        }
    487
    488        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
    489            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
    490            "DATE_PART": lambda self: self._parse_date_part(),
    491            "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL": lambda self: self._parse_json_object(),
    492            "LISTAGG": lambda self: self._parse_string_agg(),
    493        }
    494        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
    495
    496        TIMESTAMPS = parser.Parser.TIMESTAMPS - {TokenType.TIME}
    497
    498        RANGE_PARSERS = {
    499            **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS,
    500            TokenType.LIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.LikeAny),
    501            TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: parser.binary_range_parser(exp.ILikeAny),
    502        }
    503
    504        ALTER_PARSERS = {
    505            **parser.Parser.ALTER_PARSERS,
    506            "UNSET": lambda self: self.expression(
    507                exp.Set,
    508                tag=self._match_text_seq("TAG"),
    509                expressions=self._parse_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    510                unset=True,
    511            ),
    512        }
    513
    514        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
    515            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
    516            TokenType.GET: lambda self: self._parse_get(),
    517            TokenType.PUT: lambda self: self._parse_put(),
    518            TokenType.SHOW: lambda self: self._parse_show(),
    519        }
    520
    521        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
    522            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
    523            "CREDENTIALS": lambda self: self._parse_credentials_property(),
    524            "FILE_FORMAT": lambda self: self._parse_file_format_property(),
    525            "LOCATION": lambda self: self._parse_location_property(),
    526            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_tag(),
    527            "USING": lambda self: self._match_text_seq("TEMPLATE")
    528            and self.expression(exp.UsingTemplateProperty, this=self._parse_statement()),
    529        }
    530
    531        TYPE_CONVERTERS = {
    532            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-numeric#number
    533            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: build_default_decimal_type(precision=38, scale=0),
    534        }
    535
    536        SHOW_PARSERS = {
    537            "DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
    538            "TERSE DATABASES": _show_parser("DATABASES"),
    539            "SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    540            "TERSE SCHEMAS": _show_parser("SCHEMAS"),
    541            "OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    542            "TERSE OBJECTS": _show_parser("OBJECTS"),
    543            "TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    544            "TERSE TABLES": _show_parser("TABLES"),
    545            "VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    546            "TERSE VIEWS": _show_parser("VIEWS"),
    547            "PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    548            "TERSE PRIMARY KEYS": _show_parser("PRIMARY KEYS"),
    549            "IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    550            "TERSE IMPORTED KEYS": _show_parser("IMPORTED KEYS"),
    551            "UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    552            "TERSE UNIQUE KEYS": _show_parser("UNIQUE KEYS"),
    553            "SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    554            "TERSE SEQUENCES": _show_parser("SEQUENCES"),
    555            "STAGES": _show_parser("STAGES"),
    556            "COLUMNS": _show_parser("COLUMNS"),
    557            "USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    558            "TERSE USERS": _show_parser("USERS"),
    559            "FILE FORMATS": _show_parser("FILE FORMATS"),
    560            "FUNCTIONS": _show_parser("FUNCTIONS"),
    561            "PROCEDURES": _show_parser("PROCEDURES"),
    562            "WAREHOUSES": _show_parser("WAREHOUSES"),
    563        }
    564
    565        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
    566            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
    567            "WITH": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    568            "MASKING": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    569            "PROJECTION": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    570            "TAG": lambda self: self._parse_with_constraint(),
    571        }
    572
    573        STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    574            TokenType.DOT,
    575            TokenType.MOD,
    576            TokenType.SLASH,
    577        }
    578
    579        FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ["SEQ", "KEY", "PATH", "INDEX", "VALUE", "THIS"]
    580
    581        SCHEMA_KINDS = {"OBJECTS", "TABLES", "VIEWS", "SEQUENCES", "UNIQUE KEYS", "IMPORTED KEYS"}
    582
    583        NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {"STORAGE INTEGRATION", "TAG", "WAREHOUSE", "STREAMLIT"}
    584
    585        LAMBDAS = {
    586            **parser.Parser.LAMBDAS,
    587            TokenType.ARROW: lambda self, expressions: self.expression(
    588                exp.Lambda,
    589                this=self._replace_lambda(
    590                    self._parse_assignment(),
    591                    expressions,
    592                ),
    593                expressions=[e.this if isinstance(e, exp.Cast) else e for e in expressions],
    594            ),
    595        }
    596
    597        def _parse_use(self) -> exp.Use:
    598            if self._match_text_seq("SECONDARY", "ROLES"):
    599                this = self._match_texts(("ALL", "NONE")) and exp.var(self._prev.text.upper())
    600                roles = None if this else self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_table(schema=False))
    601                return self.expression(
    602                    exp.Use, kind="SECONDARY ROLES", this=this, expressions=roles
    603                )
    604
    605            return super()._parse_use()
    606
    607        def _negate_range(
    608            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
    609        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    610            if not this:
    611                return this
    612
    613            query = this.args.get("query")
    614            if isinstance(this, exp.In) and isinstance(query, exp.Query):
    615                # Snowflake treats `value NOT IN (subquery)` as `VALUE <> ALL (subquery)`, so
    616                # we do this conversion here to avoid parsing it into `NOT value IN (subquery)`
    617                # which can produce different results (most likely a SnowFlake bug).
    618                #
    619                # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/in
    620                # Context: https://github.com/tobymao/sqlglot/issues/3890
    621                return self.expression(
    622                    exp.NEQ, this=this.this, expression=exp.All(this=query.unnest())
    623                )
    624
    625            return self.expression(exp.Not, this=this)
    626
    627        def _parse_tag(self) -> exp.Tags:
    628            return self.expression(
    629                exp.Tags,
    630                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_property),
    631            )
    632
    633        def _parse_with_constraint(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    634            if self._prev.token_type != TokenType.WITH:
    635                self._retreat(self._index - 1)
    636
    637            if self._match_text_seq("MASKING", "POLICY"):
    638                policy = self._parse_column()
    639                return self.expression(
    640                    exp.MaskingPolicyColumnConstraint,
    641                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    642                    expressions=self._match(TokenType.USING)
    643                    and self._parse_wrapped_csv(self._parse_id_var),
    644                )
    645            if self._match_text_seq("PROJECTION", "POLICY"):
    646                policy = self._parse_column()
    647                return self.expression(
    648                    exp.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint,
    649                    this=policy.to_dot() if isinstance(policy, exp.Column) else policy,
    650                )
    651            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    652                return self._parse_tag()
    653
    654            return None
    655
    656        def _parse_with_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression] | t.List[exp.Expression]:
    657            if self._match(TokenType.TAG):
    658                return self._parse_tag()
    659
    660            return super()._parse_with_property()
    661
    662        def _parse_create(self) -> exp.Create | exp.Command:
    663            expression = super()._parse_create()
    664            if isinstance(expression, exp.Create) and expression.kind in self.NON_TABLE_CREATABLES:
    665                # Replace the Table node with the enclosed Identifier
    666                expression.this.replace(expression.this.this)
    667
    668            return expression
    669
    670        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/date_part.html
    671        # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions-date-time.html#label-supported-date-time-parts
    672        def _parse_date_part(self: Snowflake.Parser) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    673            this = self._parse_var() or self._parse_type()
    674
    675            if not this:
    676                return None
    677
    678            self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    679            expression = self._parse_bitwise()
    680            this = map_date_part(this)
    681            name = this.name.upper()
    682
    683            if name.startswith("EPOCH"):
    684                if name == "EPOCH_MILLISECOND":
    685                    scale = 10**3
    686                elif name == "EPOCH_MICROSECOND":
    687                    scale = 10**6
    688                elif name == "EPOCH_NANOSECOND":
    689                    scale = 10**9
    690                else:
    691                    scale = None
    692
    693                ts = self.expression(exp.Cast, this=expression, to=exp.DataType.build("TIMESTAMP"))
    694                to_unix: exp.Expression = self.expression(exp.TimeToUnix, this=ts)
    695
    696                if scale:
    697                    to_unix = exp.Mul(this=to_unix, expression=exp.Literal.number(scale))
    698
    699                return to_unix
    700
    701            return self.expression(exp.Extract, this=this, expression=expression)
    702
    703        def _parse_bracket_key_value(self, is_map: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    704            if is_map:
    705                # Keys are strings in Snowflake's objects, see also:
    706                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/data-types-semistructured
    707                # - https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/functions/object_construct
    708                return self._parse_slice(self._parse_string())
    709
    710            return self._parse_slice(self._parse_alias(self._parse_assignment(), explicit=True))
    711
    712        def _parse_lateral(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Lateral]:
    713            lateral = super()._parse_lateral()
    714            if not lateral:
    715                return lateral
    716
    717            if isinstance(lateral.this, exp.Explode):
    718                table_alias = lateral.args.get("alias")
    719                columns = [exp.to_identifier(col) for col in self.FLATTEN_COLUMNS]
    720                if table_alias and not table_alias.args.get("columns"):
    721                    table_alias.set("columns", columns)
    722                elif not table_alias:
    723                    exp.alias_(lateral, "_flattened", table=columns, copy=False)
    724
    725            return lateral
    726
    727        def _parse_table_parts(
    728            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
    729        ) -> exp.Table:
    730            # https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/querying-stage
    731            if self._match(TokenType.STRING, advance=False):
    732                table = self._parse_string()
    733            elif self._match_text_seq("@", advance=False):
    734                table = self._parse_location_path()
    735            else:
    736                table = None
    737
    738            if table:
    739                file_format = None
    740                pattern = None
    741
    742                wrapped = self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN)
    743                while self._curr and wrapped and not self._match(TokenType.R_PAREN):
    744                    if self._match_text_seq("FILE_FORMAT", "=>"):
    745                        file_format = self._parse_string() or super()._parse_table_parts(
    746                            is_db_reference=is_db_reference
    747                        )
    748                    elif self._match_text_seq("PATTERN", "=>"):
    749                        pattern = self._parse_string()
    750                    else:
    751                        break
    752
    753                    self._match(TokenType.COMMA)
    754
    755                table = self.expression(exp.Table, this=table, format=file_format, pattern=pattern)
    756            else:
    757                table = super()._parse_table_parts(schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference)
    758
    759            return table
    760
    761        def _parse_table(
    762            self,
    763            schema: bool = False,
    764            joins: bool = False,
    765            alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    766            parse_bracket: bool = False,
    767            is_db_reference: bool = False,
    768            parse_partition: bool = False,
    769        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    770            table = super()._parse_table(
    771                schema=schema,
    772                joins=joins,
    773                alias_tokens=alias_tokens,
    774                parse_bracket=parse_bracket,
    775                is_db_reference=is_db_reference,
    776                parse_partition=parse_partition,
    777            )
    778            if isinstance(table, exp.Table) and isinstance(table.this, exp.TableFromRows):
    779                table_from_rows = table.this
    780                for arg in exp.TableFromRows.arg_types:
    781                    if arg != "this":
    782                        table_from_rows.set(arg, table.args.get(arg))
    783
    784                table = table_from_rows
    785
    786            return table
    787
    788        def _parse_id_var(
    789            self,
    790            any_token: bool = True,
    791            tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None,
    792        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    793            if self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER", "("):
    794                identifier = (
    795                    super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    796                    or self._parse_string()
    797                )
    798                self._match_r_paren()
    799                return self.expression(exp.Anonymous, this="IDENTIFIER", expressions=[identifier])
    800
    801            return super()._parse_id_var(any_token=any_token, tokens=tokens)
    802
    803        def _parse_show_snowflake(self, this: str) -> exp.Show:
    804            scope = None
    805            scope_kind = None
    806
    807            # will identity SHOW TERSE SCHEMAS but not SHOW TERSE PRIMARY KEYS
    808            # which is syntactically valid but has no effect on the output
    809            terse = self._tokens[self._index - 2].text.upper() == "TERSE"
    810
    811            history = self._match_text_seq("HISTORY")
    812
    813            like = self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.LIKE) else None
    814
    815            if self._match(TokenType.IN):
    816                if self._match_text_seq("ACCOUNT"):
    817                    scope_kind = "ACCOUNT"
    818                elif self._match_text_seq("CLASS"):
    819                    scope_kind = "CLASS"
    820                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    821                elif self._match_text_seq("APPLICATION"):
    822                    scope_kind = "APPLICATION"
    823                    if self._match_text_seq("PACKAGE"):
    824                        scope_kind += " PACKAGE"
    825                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    826                elif self._match_set(self.DB_CREATABLES):
    827                    scope_kind = self._prev.text.upper()
    828                    if self._curr:
    829                        scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    830                elif self._curr:
    831                    scope_kind = "SCHEMA" if this in self.SCHEMA_KINDS else "TABLE"
    832                    scope = self._parse_table_parts()
    833
    834            return self.expression(
    835                exp.Show,
    836                **{
    837                    "terse": terse,
    838                    "this": this,
    839                    "history": history,
    840                    "like": like,
    841                    "scope": scope,
    842                    "scope_kind": scope_kind,
    843                    "starts_with": self._match_text_seq("STARTS", "WITH") and self._parse_string(),
    844                    "limit": self._parse_limit(),
    845                    "from": self._parse_string() if self._match(TokenType.FROM) else None,
    846                    "privileges": self._match_text_seq("WITH", "PRIVILEGES")
    847                    and self._parse_csv(lambda: self._parse_var(any_token=True, upper=True)),
    848                },
    849            )
    850
    851        def _parse_put(self) -> exp.Put | exp.Command:
    852            if self._curr.token_type != TokenType.STRING:
    853                return self._parse_as_command(self._prev)
    854
    855            return self.expression(
    856                exp.Put,
    857                this=self._parse_string(),
    858                target=self._parse_location_path(),
    859                properties=self._parse_properties(),
    860            )
    861
    862        def _parse_get(self) -> exp.Get | exp.Command:
    863            start = self._prev
    864            target = self._parse_location_path()
    865
    866            # Parse as command if unquoted file path
    867            if self._curr.token_type == TokenType.URI_START:
    868                return self._parse_as_command(start)
    869
    870            return self.expression(
    871                exp.Get,
    872                this=self._parse_string(),
    873                target=target,
    874                properties=self._parse_properties(),
    875            )
    876
    877        def _parse_location_property(self) -> exp.LocationProperty:
    878            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    879            return self.expression(exp.LocationProperty, this=self._parse_location_path())
    880
    881        def _parse_file_location(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    882            # Parse either a subquery or a staged file
    883            return (
    884                self._parse_select(table=True, parse_subquery_alias=False)
    885                if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False)
    886                else self._parse_table_parts()
    887            )
    888
    889        def _parse_location_path(self) -> exp.Var:
    890            start = self._curr
    891            self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
    892
    893            # We avoid consuming a comma token because external tables like @foo and @bar
    894            # can be joined in a query with a comma separator, as well as closing paren
    895            # in case of subqueries
    896            while self._is_connected() and not self._match_set(
    897                (TokenType.COMMA, TokenType.L_PAREN, TokenType.R_PAREN), advance=False
    898            ):
    899                self._advance_any(ignore_reserved=True)
    900
    901            return exp.var(self._find_sql(start, self._prev))
    902
    903        def _parse_lambda_arg(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
    904            this = super()._parse_lambda_arg()
    905
    906            if not this:
    907                return this
    908
    909            typ = self._parse_types()
    910
    911            if typ:
    912                return self.expression(exp.Cast, this=this, to=typ)
    913
    914            return this
    915
    916        def _parse_foreign_key(self) -> exp.ForeignKey:
    917            # inlineFK, the REFERENCES columns are implied
    918            if self._match(TokenType.REFERENCES, advance=False):
    919                return self.expression(exp.ForeignKey)
    920
    921            # outoflineFK, explicitly names the columns
    922            return super()._parse_foreign_key()
    923
    924        def _parse_file_format_property(self) -> exp.FileFormatProperty:
    925            self._match(TokenType.EQ)
    926            if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN, advance=False):
    927                expressions = self._parse_wrapped_options()
    928            else:
    929                expressions = [self._parse_format_name()]
    930
    931            return self.expression(
    932                exp.FileFormatProperty,
    933                expressions=expressions,
    934            )
    935
    936        def _parse_credentials_property(self) -> exp.CredentialsProperty:
    937            return self.expression(
    938                exp.CredentialsProperty,
    939                expressions=self._parse_wrapped_options(),
    940            )

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

###### Arguments:

- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3

IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS = True
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD = 'BERNOULLI'
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT = True
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>}
COLON_PLACEHOLDER_TOKENS = {<TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.BLOB: 'BLOB'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.SOURCE: 'SOURCE'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.UDOUBLE: 'UDOUBLE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.DYNAMIC: 'DYNAMIC'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.MULTIPOLYGON: 'MULTIPOLYGON'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, <TokenType.VOID: 'VOID'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.POINT: 'POINT'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.RING: 'RING'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.ATTACH: 'ATTACH'>, <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, <TokenType.DETACH: 'DETACH'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.LINESTRING: 'LINESTRING'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, <TokenType.MULTILINESTRING: 'MULTILINESTRING'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.NUMBER: 'NUMBER'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.SINK: 'SINK'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.NOTHING: 'NOTHING'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.POLYGON: 'POLYGON'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.EXPORT: 'EXPORT'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>}
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.And'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPLY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Apply'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COALESCE': <function build_coalesce>, 'IFNULL': <function build_coalesce>, 'NVL': <function build_coalesce>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COLUMNS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Columns'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Contains'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentSchema'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>>, 'DATE_BIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateBin'>>, 'DATEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function _date_trunc_to_time>, 'DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Datetime'>>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK_ISO': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'ISODOW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeekIso'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exists'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FEATURES_AT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FeaturesAtTime'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'INLINE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Inline'>>, 'INT64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>>, 'IS_ASCII': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsAscii'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExists'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'J_S_O_N_B_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONCast'>>, 'J_S_O_N_EXISTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExists'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'J_S_O_N_VALUE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHAR_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'CHARACTER_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAKE_INTERVAL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MEDIAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Median'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NORMALIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Normalize'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Or'>>, 'OVERLAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Overlay'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <function _build_regexp_replace>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Split'>>, 'SPLIT_PART': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SplitPart'>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.String'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUBSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Time'>>, 'TIME_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <function build_timetostr_or_tochar>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_DOUBLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDatetime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNICODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unicode'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_SECONDS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixSeconds'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GEN_RANDOM_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'GENERATE_UUID': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'UUID_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLElement'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'ARRAYAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RTRIM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRPOS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'CHARINDEX': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INSTR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'LOCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function build_hex>, 'APPROX_PERCENTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BITXOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_XOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_OR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITSHIFTLEFT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_SHIFTLEFT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BITSHIFTRIGHT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BIT_SHIFTRIGHT': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'BOOLXOR': <function _build_bitwise.<locals>._builder>, 'DATEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'DIV0': <function _build_if_from_div0>, 'EDITDISTANCE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'GET_PATH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEX_DECODE_BINARY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'IFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'NULLIFZERO': <function _build_if_from_nullifzero>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT': <function _build_object_construct>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'REGEXP_SUBSTR_ALL': <function _build_regexp_extract.<locals>._builder>, 'RLIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SQUARE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TABLE': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMEADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMEDIFF': <function _build_datediff>, 'TIMESTAMPADD': <function _build_date_time_add.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZFROMPARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ_FROM_PARTS': <function build_timestamp_from_parts>, 'TRY_PARSE_JSON': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TRY_TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_DATE': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIME': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ': <function _build_datetime.<locals>._builder>, 'TO_VARCHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'ZEROIFNULL': <function _build_if_from_zeroifnull>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'ARG_MAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMAX': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MAX_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARG_MIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'ARGMIN': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'MIN_BY': <function Parser.<dictcomp>.<lambda>>, 'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CEIL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FLOOR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NORMALIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OVERLAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLELEMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'XMLTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_PART': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LISTAGG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TIMESTAMPS = {<TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>}
ALTER_PARSERS = {'ADD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALTER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DELETE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DROP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RENAME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SWAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNSET': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTRIBUTED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DUPLICATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CREDENTIALS': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'FILE_FORMAT': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
TYPE_CONVERTERS = {<Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: <function build_default_decimal_type.<locals>._builder>}
SHOW_PARSERS = {'DATABASES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE DATABASES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SCHEMAS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE OBJECTS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE TABLES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE VIEWS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE PRIMARY KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE IMPORTED KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE UNIQUE KEYS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE SEQUENCES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'STAGES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'COLUMNS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'TERSE USERS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'FILE FORMATS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'FUNCTIONS': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'PROCEDURES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>, 'WAREHOUSES': <function _show_parser.<locals>._parse>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WATERMARK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'BUCKET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRUNCATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MASKING': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PROJECTION': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TAG': <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>}
STAGED_FILE_SINGLE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>}
FLATTEN_COLUMNS = ['SEQ', 'KEY', 'PATH', 'INDEX', 'VALUE', 'THIS']
SCHEMA_KINDS = {'OBJECTS', 'SEQUENCES', 'VIEWS', 'UNIQUE KEYS', 'IMPORTED KEYS', 'TABLES'}
NON_TABLE_CREATABLES = {'STREAMLIT', 'STORAGE INTEGRATION', 'WAREHOUSE', 'TAG'}
LAMBDAS = {<TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>: <function Snowflake.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {'DATABASES': {0: True}, 'TERSE': {'DATABASES': {0: True}, 'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}}, 'SCHEMAS': {0: True}, 'OBJECTS': {0: True}, 'TABLES': {0: True}, 'VIEWS': {0: True}, 'PRIMARY': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'IMPORTED': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'UNIQUE': {'KEYS': {0: True}}, 'SEQUENCES': {0: True}, 'STAGES': {0: True}, 'COLUMNS': {0: True}, 'USERS': {0: True}, 'FILE': {'FORMATS': {0: True}}, 'FUNCTIONS': {0: True}, 'PROCEDURES': {0: True}, 'WAREHOUSES': {0: True}}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.parser.Parser
  Parser
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS
  STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
  NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS
  ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
  AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
  TYPE_TOKENS
  SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
  SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
  RESERVED_TOKENS
  DB_CREATABLES
  CREATABLES
  ALTERABLES
  ALIAS_TOKENS
  ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
  COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
  TRIM_TYPES
  FUNC_TOKENS
  CONJUNCTION
  ASSIGNMENT
  DISJUNCTION
  EQUALITY
  COMPARISON
  BITWISE
  TERM
  FACTOR
  EXPONENT
  TIMES
  SET_OPERATIONS
  JOIN_METHODS
  JOIN_SIDES
  JOIN_KINDS
  JOIN_HINTS
  COLUMN_OPERATORS
  EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  UNARY_PARSERS
  STRING_PARSERS
  NUMERIC_PARSERS
  PRIMARY_PARSERS
  PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
  ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
  SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
  NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
  INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
  FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
  KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
  QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
  SET_PARSERS
  TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
  DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
  PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
  TRANSACTION_KIND
  TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
  CONFLICT_ACTIONS
  CREATE_SEQUENCE
  ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
  USABLES
  CAST_ACTIONS
  SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
  PROCEDURE_OPTIONS
  EXECUTE_AS_OPTIONS
  KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
  INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
  CLONE_KEYWORDS
  HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
  HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
  OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
  OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
  VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
  WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
  WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
  WINDOW_SIDES
  JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
  FETCH_TOKENS
  ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
  DISTINCT_TOKENS
  NULL_TOKENS
  UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
  SELECT_START_TOKENS
  COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
  IS_JSON_PREDICATE_KIND
  ODBC_DATETIME_LITERALS
  ON_CONDITION_TOKENS
  PRIVILEGE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
  DESCRIBE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_STYLES
  ANALYZE_EXPRESSION_PARSERS
  PARTITION_KEYWORDS
  AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_TOKENS
  OPERATION_MODIFIERS
  RECURSIVE_CTE_SEARCH_KIND
  MODIFIABLES
  STRICT_CAST
  PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS
  LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN
  ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
  TABLESAMPLE_CSV
  SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
  TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
  STRING_ALIASES
  MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
  JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
  VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
  SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST
  INTERVAL_SPANS
  SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
  WRAPPED_TRANSFORM_COLUMN_CONSTRAINT
  OPTIONAL_ALIAS_TOKEN_CTE
  error_level
  error_message_context
  max_errors
  dialect
  reset
  parse
  parse_into
  check_errors
  raise_error
  expression
  validate_expression
  parse_set_operation
  errors
  sql

class Snowflake.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer): View Source

    942    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
    943        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\", "'"]
    944        HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
    945        RAW_STRINGS = ["$$"]
    946        COMMENTS = ["--", "//", ("/*", "*/")]
    947        NESTED_COMMENTS = False
    948
    949        KEYWORDS = {
    950            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
    951            "FILE://": TokenType.URI_START,
    952            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
    953            "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    954            "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    955            "EXCLUDE": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    956            "FILE FORMAT": TokenType.FILE_FORMAT,
    957            "GET": TokenType.GET,
    958            "ILIKE ANY": TokenType.ILIKE_ANY,
    959            "LIKE ANY": TokenType.LIKE_ANY,
    960            "MATCH_CONDITION": TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION,
    961            "MATCH_RECOGNIZE": TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE,
    962            "MINUS": TokenType.EXCEPT,
    963            "NCHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    964            "PUT": TokenType.PUT,
    965            "REMOVE": TokenType.COMMAND,
    966            "RM": TokenType.COMMAND,
    967            "SAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
    968            "SQL_DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
    969            "SQL_VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
    970            "STORAGE INTEGRATION": TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION,
    971            "TAG": TokenType.TAG,
    972            "TIMESTAMP_TZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
    973            "TOP": TokenType.TOP,
    974            "WAREHOUSE": TokenType.WAREHOUSE,
    975            "STAGE": TokenType.STAGE,
    976            "STREAMLIT": TokenType.STREAMLIT,
    977        }
    978        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
    979
    980        SINGLE_TOKENS = {
    981            **tokens.Tokenizer.SINGLE_TOKENS,
    982            "$": TokenType.PARAMETER,
    983        }
    984
    985        VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {"$"}
    986
    987        COMMANDS = tokens.Tokenizer.COMMANDS - {TokenType.SHOW}

STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\', "'"]
HEX_STRINGS = [("x'", "'"), ("X'", "'")]
RAW_STRINGS = ['$$']
COMMENTS = ['--', '//', ('/*', '*/')]
NESTED_COMMENTS = False
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, '~~~': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, '~~': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, '~~*': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, '~*': <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_SCHEMA': <TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA: 'CURRENT_SCHEMA'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DIV': <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NAMESPACE': <TokenType.NAMESPACE: 'NAMESPACE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VALUES': <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'UHUGEINT': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT256': <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'UINT128': <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, 'UINT256': <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL32': <TokenType.DECIMAL32: 'DECIMAL32'>, 'DECIMAL64': <TokenType.DECIMAL64: 'DECIMAL64'>, 'DECIMAL128': <TokenType.DECIMAL128: 'DECIMAL128'>, 'DECIMAL256': <TokenType.DECIMAL256: 'DECIMAL256'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.ANALYZE: 'ANALYZE'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.GRANT: 'GRANT'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FILE://': <TokenType.URI_START: 'URI_START'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'CHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'CHARACTER VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'EXCLUDE': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'FILE FORMAT': <TokenType.FILE_FORMAT: 'FILE_FORMAT'>, 'GET': <TokenType.GET: 'GET'>, 'ILIKE ANY': <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>, 'LIKE ANY': <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>, 'MATCH_CONDITION': <TokenType.MATCH_CONDITION: 'MATCH_CONDITION'>, 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE': <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>, 'MINUS': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'NCHAR VARYING': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'PUT': <TokenType.PUT: 'PUT'>, 'REMOVE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'RM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'SAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'SQL_DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'SQL_VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'STORAGE INTEGRATION': <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, 'TAG': <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, 'TIMESTAMP_TZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TOP': <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, 'WAREHOUSE': <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, 'STAGE': <TokenType.STAGE: 'STAGE'>, 'STREAMLIT': <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>}
SINGLE_TOKENS = {'(': <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>, ')': <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>, '[': <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>, ']': <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>, '{': <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>, '}': <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>, '&': <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>, '^': <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>, ':': <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>, ',': <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>, '.': <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>, '-': <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>, '=': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '>': <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>, '<': <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>, '%': <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>, '!': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, '|': <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>, '+': <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>, ';': <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>, '/': <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>, '\\': <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>, '*': <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>, '~': <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>, '?': <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>, '@': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>, '#': <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>, "'": <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '`': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '"': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, '$': <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>}
VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS = {'$'}
COMMANDS = {<TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer
  Tokenizer
  BIT_STRINGS
  BYTE_STRINGS
  HEREDOC_STRINGS
  UNICODE_STRINGS
  IDENTIFIERS
  QUOTES
  IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES
  HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER
  HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE
  STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS
  HINT_START
  TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
  WHITE_SPACE
  COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
  NUMERIC_LITERALS
  dialect
  use_rs_tokenizer
  reset
  tokenize
  tokenize_rs
  size
  sql
  tokens

class Snowflake.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator): View Source

     989    class Generator(generator.Generator):
     990        PARAMETER_TOKEN = "$"
     991        MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
     992        SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
     993        JOIN_HINTS = False
     994        TABLE_HINTS = False
     995        QUERY_HINTS = False
     996        AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
     997        SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
     998        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
     999        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
    1000        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
    1001        INSERT_OVERWRITE = " OVERWRITE INTO"
    1002        STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")")
    1003        COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
    1004        COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
    1005        STAR_EXCEPT = "EXCLUDE"
    1006        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
    1007        ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
    1008        SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
    1009        EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
    1010        SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
    1011        ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = "ARRAY_SIZE"
    1012
    1013        TRANSFORMS = {
    1014            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
    1015            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
    1016            exp.ArgMax: rename_func("MAX_BY"),
    1017            exp.ArgMin: rename_func("MIN_BY"),
    1018            exp.Array: inline_array_sql,
    1019            exp.ArrayConcat: lambda self, e: self.arrayconcat_sql(e, name="ARRAY_CAT"),
    1020            exp.ArrayContains: lambda self, e: self.func("ARRAY_CONTAINS", e.expression, e.this),
    1021            exp.AtTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1022                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), e.this
    1023            ),
    1024            exp.BitwiseOr: rename_func("BITOR"),
    1025            exp.BitwiseXor: rename_func("BITXOR"),
    1026            exp.BitwiseLeftShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTLEFT"),
    1027            exp.BitwiseRightShift: rename_func("BITSHIFTRIGHT"),
    1028            exp.Create: transforms.preprocess([_flatten_structured_types_unless_iceberg]),
    1029            exp.DateAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD"),
    1030            exp.DateDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1031            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1032            exp.DatetimeDiff: timestampdiff_sql,
    1033            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
    1034            exp.DayOfMonth: rename_func("DAYOFMONTH"),
    1035            exp.DayOfWeek: rename_func("DAYOFWEEK"),
    1036            exp.DayOfYear: rename_func("DAYOFYEAR"),
    1037            exp.Explode: rename_func("FLATTEN"),
    1038            exp.Extract: rename_func("DATE_PART"),
    1039            exp.FileFormatProperty: lambda self,
    1040            e: f"FILE_FORMAT=({self.expressions(e, 'expressions', sep=' ')})",
    1041            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1042                "CONVERT_TIMEZONE", e.args.get("zone"), "'UTC'", e.this
    1043            ),
    1044            exp.GenerateSeries: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1045                "ARRAY_GENERATE_RANGE", e.args["start"], e.args["end"] + 1, e.args.get("step")
    1046            ),
    1047            exp.GroupConcat: lambda self, e: groupconcat_sql(self, e, sep=""),
    1048            exp.If: if_sql(name="IFF", false_value="NULL"),
    1049            exp.JSONExtractArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1050            exp.JSONExtractScalar: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1051                "JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT", e.this, e.expression
    1052            ),
    1053            exp.JSONObject: lambda self, e: self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL", *e.expressions),
    1054            exp.JSONPathRoot: lambda *_: "",
    1055            exp.JSONValueArray: _json_extract_value_array_sql,
    1056            exp.Levenshtein: unsupported_args("ins_cost", "del_cost", "sub_cost")(
    1057                rename_func("EDITDISTANCE")
    1058            ),
    1059            exp.LocationProperty: lambda self, e: f"LOCATION={self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1060            exp.LogicalAnd: rename_func("BOOLAND_AGG"),
    1061            exp.LogicalOr: rename_func("BOOLOR_AGG"),
    1062            exp.Map: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1063            exp.MakeInterval: no_make_interval_sql,
    1064            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
    1065            exp.Min: min_or_least,
    1066            exp.ParseJSON: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1067                "TRY_PARSE_JSON" if e.args.get("safe") else "PARSE_JSON", e.this
    1068            ),
    1069            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
    1070            exp.PercentileCont: transforms.preprocess(
    1071                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1072            ),
    1073            exp.PercentileDisc: transforms.preprocess(
    1074                [transforms.add_within_group_for_percentiles]
    1075            ),
    1076            exp.Pivot: transforms.preprocess([_unqualify_pivot_columns]),
    1077            exp.RegexpExtract: _regexpextract_sql,
    1078            exp.RegexpExtractAll: _regexpextract_sql,
    1079            exp.RegexpILike: _regexpilike_sql,
    1080            exp.Rand: rename_func("RANDOM"),
    1081            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
    1082                [
    1083                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
    1084                    transforms.explode_projection_to_unnest(),
    1085                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
    1086                    _transform_generate_date_array,
    1087                ]
    1088            ),
    1089            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
    1090            exp.StarMap: rename_func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1091            exp.StartsWith: rename_func("STARTSWITH"),
    1092            exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: strposition_sql(
    1093                self, e, func_name="CHARINDEX", supports_position=True
    1094            ),
    1095            exp.StrToDate: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)),
    1096            exp.Stuff: rename_func("INSERT"),
    1097            exp.TimeAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMEADD"),
    1098            exp.Timestamp: no_timestamp_sql,
    1099            exp.TimestampAdd: date_delta_sql("TIMESTAMPADD"),
    1100            exp.TimestampDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1101                "TIMESTAMPDIFF", e.unit, e.expression, e.this
    1102            ),
    1103            exp.TimestampTrunc: timestamptrunc_sql(),
    1104            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
    1105            exp.TimeToUnix: lambda self, e: f"EXTRACT(epoch_second FROM {self.sql(e, 'this')})",
    1106            exp.ToArray: rename_func("TO_ARRAY"),
    1107            exp.ToChar: lambda self, e: self.function_fallback_sql(e),
    1108            exp.ToDouble: rename_func("TO_DOUBLE"),
    1109            exp.TsOrDsAdd: date_delta_sql("DATEADD", cast=True),
    1110            exp.TsOrDsDiff: date_delta_sql("DATEDIFF"),
    1111            exp.TsOrDsToDate: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1112                "TRY_TO_DATE" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_DATE", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1113            ),
    1114            exp.TsOrDsToTime: lambda self, e: self.func(
    1115                "TRY_TO_TIME" if e.args.get("safe") else "TO_TIME", e.this, self.format_time(e)
    1116            ),
    1117            exp.Unhex: rename_func("HEX_DECODE_BINARY"),
    1118            exp.UnixToTime: rename_func("TO_TIMESTAMP"),
    1119            exp.Uuid: rename_func("UUID_STRING"),
    1120            exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: var_map_sql(self, e, "OBJECT_CONSTRUCT"),
    1121            exp.WeekOfYear: rename_func("WEEKOFYEAR"),
    1122            exp.Xor: rename_func("BOOLXOR"),
    1123        }
    1124
    1125        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
    1126            exp.JSONPathKey,
    1127            exp.JSONPathRoot,
    1128            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
    1129        }
    1130
    1131        TYPE_MAPPING = {
    1132            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
    1133            exp.DataType.Type.NESTED: "OBJECT",
    1134            exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "OBJECT",
    1135        }
    1136
    1137        TOKEN_MAPPING = {
    1138            TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: "AUTOINCREMENT",
    1139        }
    1140
    1141        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
    1142            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
    1143            exp.CredentialsProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1144            exp.LocationProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_WITH,
    1145            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
    1146            exp.SetProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1147            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
    1148        }
    1149
    1150        UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {
    1151            exp.Map,
    1152            exp.StarMap,
    1153            exp.Struct,
    1154            exp.VarMap,
    1155        }
    1156
    1157        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1158            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")
    1159
    1160        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1161            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1162                values_as_table = False
    1163
    1164            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)
    1165
    1166        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1167            expressions = expression.expressions
    1168            if (
    1169                expressions
    1170                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1171                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1172            ):
    1173                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1174                return "OBJECT"
    1175
    1176            return super().datatype_sql(expression)
    1177
    1178        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1179            return self.func(
    1180                "TO_NUMBER",
    1181                expression.this,
    1182                expression.args.get("format"),
    1183                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1184                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1185            )
    1186
    1187        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1188            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1189            if milli is not None:
    1190                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1191                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1192
    1193            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)
    1194
    1195        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1196            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1197                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1198            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1199                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1200
    1201            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)
    1202
    1203        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1204            value = expression.this
    1205
    1206            if value.type is None:
    1207                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1208
    1209                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1210
    1211            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1212                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1213
    1214            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1215            return self.cast_sql(expression)
    1216
    1217        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1218            if not expression.expression:
    1219                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1220
    1221            return super().log_sql(expression)
    1222
    1223        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1224            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1225            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1226
    1227            columns = [
    1228                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1229                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1230                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1231                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1232                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1233                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1234                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1235            ]
    1236
    1237            if unnest_alias:
    1238                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1239            else:
    1240                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1241
    1242            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1243            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1244                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1245
    1246            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1247            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1248            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1249            return f"{explode}{alias}"
    1250
    1251        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1252            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1253            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1254            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1255            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1256
    1257            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1258            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1259
    1260            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1261            if scope_kind:
    1262                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1263
    1264            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1265            if starts_with:
    1266                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1267
    1268            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1269
    1270            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1271            if from_:
    1272                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1273
    1274            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1275            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1276
    1277            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"
    1278
    1279        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1280            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1281            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1282            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1283            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1284            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1285            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1286            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"
    1287
    1288        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1289            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1290        ) -> str:
    1291            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1292            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1293            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1294            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1295            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"
    1296
    1297        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1298            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"
    1299
    1300        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1301            keys = []
    1302            values = []
    1303
    1304            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1305                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1306                    keys.append(
    1307                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1308                    )
    1309                    values.append(e.expression)
    1310                else:
    1311                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1312                    values.append(e)
    1313
    1314            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))
    1315
    1316        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1317        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1318            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))
    1319
    1320        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1321            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1322            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1323            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1324            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1325            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1326            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1327            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1328            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1329
    1330            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"
    1331
    1332        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1333            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1334            return self.func(
    1335                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1336            )
    1337
    1338        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1339            return self.sql(
    1340                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1341                    this=expression.this,
    1342                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1343                    unit=expression.unit,
    1344                )
    1345            )
    1346
    1347        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1348            this = expression.this
    1349
    1350            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1351            return self.func(
    1352                "GET_PATH",
    1353                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1354                expression.expression,
    1355            )
    1356
    1357        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1358            this = expression.this
    1359            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1360                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1361
    1362            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))
    1363
    1364        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1365            value = expression.expression
    1366            if value:
    1367                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1368            else:
    1369                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1370
    1371            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)
    1372
    1373        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1374            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1375            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1376            if offset and not limit:
    1377                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1378            return super().select_sql(expression)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

###### Arguments:

- pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
- indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a `WHERE` clause. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True

PARAMETER_TOKEN = '$'
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE = False
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL = True
JOIN_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
INSERT_OVERWRITE = ' OVERWRITE INTO'
STRUCT_DELIMITER = ('(', ')')
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED = False
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED = True
STAR_EXCEPT = 'EXCLUDE'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN = False
SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE = True
EXCEPT_INTERSECT_SUPPORT_ALL_CLAUSE = False
SUPPORTS_MEDIAN = True
ARRAY_SIZE_NAME = 'ARRAY_SIZE'
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeColumns'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnalyzeWith'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Except'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Get'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Intersect'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Int64'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByBucket'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionByTruncate'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Put'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SwapTable'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Union'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingData'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Uuid'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseXor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseLeftShift'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BitwiseRightShift'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>: <function timestampdiff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractArray'>: <function _json_extract_value_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtractScalar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONValueArray'>: <function _json_extract_value_array_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MakeInterval'>: <function no_make_interval_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pivot'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function _regexpextract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtractAll'>: <function _regexpextract_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>: <function _regexpilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Timestamp'>: <function no_timestamp_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>: <function timestamptrunc_sql.<locals>._timestamptrunc_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDouble'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function date_delta_sql.<locals>._delta_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>: <function Snowflake.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.DATETIME2: 'DATETIME2'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'CHAR', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'VARCHAR', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.BLOB: 'BLOB'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'VARBINARY', <Type.SMALLDATETIME: 'SMALLDATETIME'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.NESTED: 'NESTED'>: 'OBJECT', <Type.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>: 'OBJECT'}
TOKEN_MAPPING = {<TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>: 'AUTOINCREMENT'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistributedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DuplicateKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IncludeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StorageHandlerProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Tags'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UsingTemplateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithProcedureOptions'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ForceProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CredentialsProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>}
UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>}
def with_properties(self, properties: sqlglot.expressions.Properties) -> str: View Source

    1157        def with_properties(self, properties: exp.Properties) -> str:
    1158            return self.properties(properties, wrapped=False, prefix=self.sep(""), sep=" ")

def values_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str: View Source

    1160        def values_sql(self, expression: exp.Values, values_as_table: bool = True) -> str:
    1161            if expression.find(*self.UNSUPPORTED_VALUES_EXPRESSIONS):
    1162                values_as_table = False
    1163
    1164            return super().values_sql(expression, values_as_table=values_as_table)

def datatype_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DataType) -> str: View Source

    1166        def datatype_sql(self, expression: exp.DataType) -> str:
    1167            expressions = expression.expressions
    1168            if (
    1169                expressions
    1170                and expression.is_type(*exp.DataType.STRUCT_TYPES)
    1171                and any(isinstance(field_type, exp.DataType) for field_type in expressions)
    1172            ):
    1173                # The correct syntax is OBJECT [ (<key> <value_type [NOT NULL] [, ...]) ]
    1174                return "OBJECT"
    1175
    1176            return super().datatype_sql(expression)

def tonumber_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber) -> str: View Source

    1178        def tonumber_sql(self, expression: exp.ToNumber) -> str:
    1179            return self.func(
    1180                "TO_NUMBER",
    1181                expression.this,
    1182                expression.args.get("format"),
    1183                expression.args.get("precision"),
    1184                expression.args.get("scale"),
    1185            )

def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts) -> str: View Source

    1187        def timestampfromparts_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampFromParts) -> str:
    1188            milli = expression.args.get("milli")
    1189            if milli is not None:
    1190                milli_to_nano = milli.pop() * exp.Literal.number(1000000)
    1191                expression.set("nano", milli_to_nano)
    1192
    1193            return rename_func("TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS")(self, expression)

def cast_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cast, safe_prefix: Optional[str] = None) -> str: View Source

    1195        def cast_sql(self, expression: exp.Cast, safe_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
    1196            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOGRAPHY):
    1197                return self.func("TO_GEOGRAPHY", expression.this)
    1198            if expression.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.GEOMETRY):
    1199                return self.func("TO_GEOMETRY", expression.this)
    1200
    1201            return super().cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix=safe_prefix)

def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str: View Source

    1203        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
    1204            value = expression.this
    1205
    1206            if value.type is None:
    1207                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
    1208
    1209                value = annotate_types(value, dialect=self.dialect)
    1210
    1211            if value.is_type(*exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES, exp.DataType.Type.UNKNOWN):
    1212                return super().trycast_sql(expression)
    1213
    1214            # TRY_CAST only works for string values in Snowflake
    1215            return self.cast_sql(expression)

def log_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Log) -> str: View Source

    1217        def log_sql(self, expression: exp.Log) -> str:
    1218            if not expression.expression:
    1219                return self.func("LN", expression.this)
    1220
    1221            return super().log_sql(expression)

def unnest_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str: View Source

    1223        def unnest_sql(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
    1224            unnest_alias = expression.args.get("alias")
    1225            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1226
    1227            columns = [
    1228                exp.to_identifier("seq"),
    1229                exp.to_identifier("key"),
    1230                exp.to_identifier("path"),
    1231                offset.pop() if isinstance(offset, exp.Expression) else exp.to_identifier("index"),
    1232                seq_get(unnest_alias.columns if unnest_alias else [], 0)
    1233                or exp.to_identifier("value"),
    1234                exp.to_identifier("this"),
    1235            ]
    1236
    1237            if unnest_alias:
    1238                unnest_alias.set("columns", columns)
    1239            else:
    1240                unnest_alias = exp.TableAlias(this="_u", columns=columns)
    1241
    1242            table_input = self.sql(expression.expressions[0])
    1243            if not table_input.startswith("INPUT =>"):
    1244                table_input = f"INPUT => {table_input}"
    1245
    1246            explode = f"TABLE(FLATTEN({table_input}))"
    1247            alias = self.sql(unnest_alias)
    1248            alias = f" AS {alias}" if alias else ""
    1249            return f"{explode}{alias}"

def show_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Show) -> str: View Source

    1251        def show_sql(self, expression: exp.Show) -> str:
    1252            terse = "TERSE " if expression.args.get("terse") else ""
    1253            history = " HISTORY" if expression.args.get("history") else ""
    1254            like = self.sql(expression, "like")
    1255            like = f" LIKE {like}" if like else ""
    1256
    1257            scope = self.sql(expression, "scope")
    1258            scope = f" {scope}" if scope else ""
    1259
    1260            scope_kind = self.sql(expression, "scope_kind")
    1261            if scope_kind:
    1262                scope_kind = f" IN {scope_kind}"
    1263
    1264            starts_with = self.sql(expression, "starts_with")
    1265            if starts_with:
    1266                starts_with = f" STARTS WITH {starts_with}"
    1267
    1268            limit = self.sql(expression, "limit")
    1269
    1270            from_ = self.sql(expression, "from")
    1271            if from_:
    1272                from_ = f" FROM {from_}"
    1273
    1274            privileges = self.expressions(expression, key="privileges", flat=True)
    1275            privileges = f" WITH PRIVILEGES {privileges}" if privileges else ""
    1276
    1277            return f"SHOW {terse}{expression.name}{history}{like}{scope_kind}{scope}{starts_with}{limit}{from_}{privileges}"

def describe_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Describe) -> str: View Source

    1279        def describe_sql(self, expression: exp.Describe) -> str:
    1280            # Default to table if kind is unknown
    1281            kind_value = expression.args.get("kind") or "TABLE"
    1282            kind = f" {kind_value}" if kind_value else ""
    1283            this = f" {self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
    1284            expressions = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1285            expressions = f" {expressions}" if expressions else ""
    1286            return f"DESCRIBE{kind}{this}{expressions}"

def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint) -> str: View Source

    1288        def generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql(
    1289            self, expression: exp.GeneratedAsIdentityColumnConstraint
    1290        ) -> str:
    1291            start = expression.args.get("start")
    1292            start = f" START {start}" if start else ""
    1293            increment = expression.args.get("increment")
    1294            increment = f" INCREMENT {increment}" if increment else ""
    1295            return f"AUTOINCREMENT{start}{increment}"

def cluster_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Cluster) -> str: View Source

    1297        def cluster_sql(self, expression: exp.Cluster) -> str:
    1298            return f"CLUSTER BY ({self.expressions(expression, flat=True)})"

def struct_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Struct) -> str: View Source

    1300        def struct_sql(self, expression: exp.Struct) -> str:
    1301            keys = []
    1302            values = []
    1303
    1304            for i, e in enumerate(expression.expressions):
    1305                if isinstance(e, exp.PropertyEQ):
    1306                    keys.append(
    1307                        exp.Literal.string(e.name) if isinstance(e.this, exp.Identifier) else e.this
    1308                    )
    1309                    values.append(e.expression)
    1310                else:
    1311                    keys.append(exp.Literal.string(f"_{i}"))
    1312                    values.append(e)
    1313
    1314            return self.func("OBJECT_CONSTRUCT", *flatten(zip(keys, values)))

@unsupported_args('weight', 'accuracy')
def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile) -> str: View Source

    1316        @unsupported_args("weight", "accuracy")
    1317        def approxquantile_sql(self, expression: exp.ApproxQuantile) -> str:
    1318            return self.func("APPROX_PERCENTILE", expression.this, expression.args.get("quantile"))

def alterset_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AlterSet) -> str: View Source

    1320        def alterset_sql(self, expression: exp.AlterSet) -> str:
    1321            exprs = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
    1322            exprs = f" {exprs}" if exprs else ""
    1323            file_format = self.expressions(expression, key="file_format", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1324            file_format = f" STAGE_FILE_FORMAT = ({file_format})" if file_format else ""
    1325            copy_options = self.expressions(expression, key="copy_options", flat=True, sep=" ")
    1326            copy_options = f" STAGE_COPY_OPTIONS = ({copy_options})" if copy_options else ""
    1327            tag = self.expressions(expression, key="tag", flat=True)
    1328            tag = f" TAG {tag}" if tag else ""
    1329
    1330            return f"SET{exprs}{file_format}{copy_options}{tag}"

def strtotime_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime): View Source

    1332        def strtotime_sql(self, expression: exp.StrToTime):
    1333            safe_prefix = "TRY_" if expression.args.get("safe") else ""
    1334            return self.func(
    1335                f"{safe_prefix}TO_TIMESTAMP", expression.this, self.format_time(expression)
    1336            )

def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub): View Source

    1338        def timestampsub_sql(self, expression: exp.TimestampSub):
    1339            return self.sql(
    1340                exp.TimestampAdd(
    1341                    this=expression.this,
    1342                    expression=expression.expression * -1,
    1343                    unit=expression.unit,
    1344                )
    1345            )

def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.JSONExtract): View Source

    1347        def jsonextract_sql(self, expression: exp.JSONExtract):
    1348            this = expression.this
    1349
    1350            # JSON strings are valid coming from other dialects such as BQ
    1351            return self.func(
    1352                "GET_PATH",
    1353                exp.ParseJSON(this=this) if this.is_string else this,
    1354                expression.expression,
    1355            )

def timetostr_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr) -> str: View Source

    1357        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
    1358            this = expression.this
    1359            if not isinstance(this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
    1360                this = exp.cast(this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP)
    1361
    1362            return self.func("TO_CHAR", this, self.format_time(expression))

def datesub_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.DateSub) -> str: View Source

    1364        def datesub_sql(self, expression: exp.DateSub) -> str:
    1365            value = expression.expression
    1366            if value:
    1367                value.replace(value * (-1))
    1368            else:
    1369                self.unsupported("DateSub cannot be transpiled if the subtracted count is unknown")
    1370
    1371            return date_delta_sql("DATEADD")(self, expression)

def select_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Select) -> str: View Source

    1373        def select_sql(self, expression: exp.Select) -> str:
    1374            limit = expression.args.get("limit")
    1375            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
    1376            if offset and not limit:
    1377                expression.limit(exp.Null(), copy=False)
    1378            return super().select_sql(expression)

SELECT_KINDS: Tuple[str, ...] = ()
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>}

##### Inherited Members

sqlglot.generator.Generator
  Generator
  NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED
  IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC
  LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
  WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
  CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
  INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM
  LIMIT_FETCH
  RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB
  GROUPINGS_SEP
  INDEX_ON
  QUERY_HINT_SEP
  IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
  DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
  LIMIT_IS_TOP
  RETURNING_END
  EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
  TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
  NVL2_SUPPORTED
  VALUES_AS_TABLE
  ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
  UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY
  SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
  COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
  TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
  TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
  TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
  TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
  TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
  DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
  ENSURE_BOOLS
  CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
  LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
  SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS
  UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS
  SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
  SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
  SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
  LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
  MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
  JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
  JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
  JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE
  CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY
  SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER
  SET_OP_MODIFIERS
  COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
  HEX_FUNC
  WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX
  QUOTE_JSON_PATH
  PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
  SUPPORTS_UNIX_SECONDS
  PARSE_JSON_NAME
  ALTER_SET_TYPE
  ARRAY_SIZE_DIM_REQUIRED
  TIME_PART_SINGULARS
  NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN
  EXPRESSION_PRECEDES_PROPERTIES_CREATABLES
  RESERVED_KEYWORDS
  WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
  EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
  UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
  PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
  EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
  SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
  pretty
  identify
  normalize
  pad
  unsupported_level
  max_unsupported
  leading_comma
  max_text_width
  comments
  dialect
  normalize_functions
  unsupported_messages
  generate
  preprocess
  unsupported
  sep
  seg
  pad_comment
  maybe_comment
  wrap
  no_identify
  normalize_func
  indent
  sql
  uncache_sql
  cache_sql
  characterset_sql
  column_parts
  column_sql
  columnposition_sql
  columndef_sql
  columnconstraint_sql
  computedcolumnconstraint_sql
  autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
  compresscolumnconstraint_sql
  generatedasrowcolumnconstraint_sql
  periodforsystemtimeconstraint_sql
  notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
  transformcolumnconstraint_sql
  primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
  uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
  createable_sql
  create_sql
  sequenceproperties_sql
  clone_sql
  heredoc_sql
  prepend_ctes
  with_sql
  cte_sql
  tablealias_sql
  bitstring_sql
  hexstring_sql
  bytestring_sql
  unicodestring_sql
  rawstring_sql
  datatypeparam_sql
  directory_sql
  delete_sql
  drop_sql
  set_operation
  set_operations
  fetch_sql
  limitoptions_sql
  filter_sql
  hint_sql
  indexparameters_sql
  index_sql
  identifier_sql
  hex_sql
  lowerhex_sql
  inputoutputformat_sql
  national_sql
  partition_sql
  properties_sql
  root_properties
  properties
  locate_properties
  property_name
  property_sql
  likeproperty_sql
  fallbackproperty_sql
  journalproperty_sql
  freespaceproperty_sql
  checksumproperty_sql
  mergeblockratioproperty_sql
  datablocksizeproperty_sql
  blockcompressionproperty_sql
  isolatedloadingproperty_sql
  partitionboundspec_sql
  partitionedofproperty_sql
  lockingproperty_sql
  withdataproperty_sql
  withsystemversioningproperty_sql
  insert_sql
  introducer_sql
  kill_sql
  pseudotype_sql
  objectidentifier_sql
  onconflict_sql
  returning_sql
  rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
  withtablehint_sql
  indextablehint_sql
  historicaldata_sql
  table_parts
  table_sql
  tablefromrows_sql
  tablesample_sql
  pivot_sql
  version_sql
  tuple_sql
  update_sql
  var_sql
  into_sql
  from_sql
  groupingsets_sql
  rollup_sql
  cube_sql
  group_sql
  having_sql
  connect_sql
  prior_sql
  join_sql
  lambda_sql
  lateral_op
  lateral_sql
  limit_sql
  offset_sql
  setitem_sql
  set_sql
  pragma_sql
  lock_sql
  literal_sql
  escape_str
  loaddata_sql
  null_sql
  boolean_sql
  order_sql
  withfill_sql
  distribute_sql
  sort_sql
  ordered_sql
  matchrecognizemeasure_sql
  matchrecognize_sql
  query_modifiers
  options_modifier
  queryoption_sql
  offset_limit_modifiers
  after_limit_modifiers
  schema_sql
  schema_columns_sql
  star_sql
  parameter_sql
  sessionparameter_sql
  placeholder_sql
  subquery_sql
  qualify_sql
  prewhere_sql
  where_sql
  window_sql
  partition_by_sql
  windowspec_sql
  withingroup_sql
  between_sql
  bracket_offset_expressions
  bracket_sql
  all_sql
  any_sql
  exists_sql
  case_sql
  constraint_sql
  nextvaluefor_sql
  extract_sql
  trim_sql
  convert_concat_args
  concat_sql
  concatws_sql
  check_sql
  foreignkey_sql
  primarykey_sql
  if_sql
  matchagainst_sql
  jsonkeyvalue_sql
  jsonpath_sql
  json_path_part
  formatjson_sql
  jsonobject_sql
  jsonobjectagg_sql
  jsonarray_sql
  jsonarrayagg_sql
  jsoncolumndef_sql
  jsonschema_sql
  jsontable_sql
  openjsoncolumndef_sql
  openjson_sql
  in_sql
  in_unnest_op
  interval_sql
  return_sql
  reference_sql
  anonymous_sql
  paren_sql
  neg_sql
  not_sql
  alias_sql
  pivotalias_sql
  aliases_sql
  atindex_sql
  attimezone_sql
  fromtimezone_sql
  add_sql
  and_sql
  or_sql
  xor_sql
  connector_sql
  bitwiseand_sql
  bitwiseleftshift_sql
  bitwisenot_sql
  bitwiseor_sql
  bitwiserightshift_sql
  bitwisexor_sql
  currentdate_sql
  collate_sql
  command_sql
  comment_sql
  mergetreettlaction_sql
  mergetreettl_sql
  transaction_sql
  commit_sql
  rollback_sql
  altercolumn_sql
  alterindex_sql
  alterdiststyle_sql
  altersortkey_sql
  alterrename_sql
  renamecolumn_sql
  alter_sql
  add_column_sql
  droppartition_sql
  addconstraint_sql
  distinct_sql
  ignorenulls_sql
  respectnulls_sql
  havingmax_sql
  intdiv_sql
  dpipe_sql
  div_sql
  safedivide_sql
  overlaps_sql
  distance_sql
  dot_sql
  eq_sql
  propertyeq_sql
  escape_sql
  glob_sql
  gt_sql
  gte_sql
  ilike_sql
  ilikeany_sql
  is_sql
  like_sql
  likeany_sql
  similarto_sql
  lt_sql
  lte_sql
  mod_sql
  mul_sql
  neq_sql
  nullsafeeq_sql
  nullsafeneq_sql
  slice_sql
  sub_sql
  jsoncast_sql
  try_sql
  use_sql
  binary
  ceil_floor
  function_fallback_sql
  func
  format_args
  too_wide
  format_time
  expressions
  op_expressions
  naked_property
  tag_sql
  token_sql
  userdefinedfunction_sql
  joinhint_sql
  kwarg_sql
  when_sql
  whens_sql
  merge_sql
  tochar_sql
  dictproperty_sql
  dictrange_sql
  dictsubproperty_sql
  duplicatekeyproperty_sql
  uniquekeyproperty_sql
  distributedbyproperty_sql
  oncluster_sql
  clusteredbyproperty_sql
  anyvalue_sql
  querytransform_sql
  indexconstraintoption_sql
  checkcolumnconstraint_sql
  indexcolumnconstraint_sql
  nvl2_sql
  comprehension_sql
  columnprefix_sql
  opclass_sql
  predict_sql
  forin_sql
  refresh_sql
  toarray_sql
  tsordstotime_sql
  tsordstotimestamp_sql
  tsordstodatetime_sql
  tsordstodate_sql
  unixdate_sql
  lastday_sql
  dateadd_sql
  arrayany_sql
  partitionrange_sql
  truncatetable_sql
  convert_sql
  copyparameter_sql
  credentials_sql
  copy_sql
  semicolon_sql
  datadeletionproperty_sql
  maskingpolicycolumnconstraint_sql
  gapfill_sql
  scope_resolution
  scoperesolution_sql
  parsejson_sql
  rand_sql
  changes_sql
  pad_sql
  summarize_sql
  explodinggenerateseries_sql
  arrayconcat_sql
  converttimezone_sql
  json_sql
  jsonvalue_sql
  conditionalinsert_sql
  multitableinserts_sql
  oncondition_sql
  jsonextractquote_sql
  jsonexists_sql
  arrayagg_sql
  apply_sql
  grant_sql
  grantprivilege_sql
  grantprincipal_sql
  columns_sql
  overlay_sql
  todouble_sql
  string_sql
  median_sql
  overflowtruncatebehavior_sql
  unixseconds_sql
  arraysize_sql
  attach_sql
  detach_sql
  attachoption_sql
  featuresattime_sql
  watermarkcolumnconstraint_sql
  encodeproperty_sql
  includeproperty_sql
  xmlelement_sql
  partitionbyrangeproperty_sql
  partitionbyrangepropertydynamic_sql
  unpivotcolumns_sql
  analyzesample_sql
  analyzestatistics_sql
  analyzehistogram_sql
  analyzedelete_sql
  analyzelistchainedrows_sql
  analyzevalidate_sql
  analyze_sql
  xmltable_sql
  xmlnamespace_sql
  export_sql
  declare_sql
  declareitem_sql
  recursivewithsearch_sql
  parameterizedagg_sql
  anonymousaggfunc_sql
  combinedaggfunc_sql
  combinedparameterizedagg_sql
  get_put_sql