/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/* $Id$ */

package org.apache.xmlgraphics.util;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

/**
 * This class handles looking up service providers on the class path.
 * It implements the system described in:
 *
 * <a href='http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/jar/jar.html#Service%20Provider'>JAR
 * File Specification Under Service Provider</a>. Note that this
 * interface is very similar to the one they describe which seems to
 * be missing in the JDK.
 *
 * @version $Id$
 *
 * Originally authored by Thomas DeWeese.
 */
public final class Service {

    private Service() {
    }

    // Remember providers we have looked up before.
    static Map<String, List<String>> classMap = new java.util.HashMap<String, List<String>>();
    static Map<String, List<Object>> instanceMap = new java.util.HashMap<String, List<Object>>();

    /**
     * Returns an iterator where each element should implement the
     * interface (or subclass the baseclass) described by cls.  The
     * Classes are found by searching the classpath for service files
     * named: 'META-INF/services/&lt;fully qualified classname&gt; that list
     * fully qualifted classnames of classes that implement the
     * service files classes interface.  These classes must have
     * default constructors.
     *
     * @param cls The class/interface to search for providers of.
     */
    public static synchronized Iterator<Object> providers(Class<?> cls) {
        String serviceFile = getServiceFilename(cls);

        List<Object> l = instanceMap.get(serviceFile);
        if (l != null) {
            return l.iterator();
        }

        l = new java.util.ArrayList<Object>();
        instanceMap.put(serviceFile, l);

        ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader(cls);
        if (cl != null) {
            List<String> names = getProviderNames(cls, cl);
            for (String name : names) {
                try {
                    // Try and load the class
                    Object obj = cl.loadClass(name).getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
                    // stick it into our vector...
                    l.add(obj);
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    // Just try the next name
                }
            }
        }
        return l.iterator();
    }

    /**
     * Returns an iterator where each element should be the name
     * of a class that implements the
     * interface (or subclass the baseclass) described by cls.  The
     * Classes are found by searching the classpath for service files
     * named: 'META-INF/services/&lt;fully qualified classname&gt; that list
     * fully qualified classnames of classes that implement the
     * service files classes interface.
     *
     * @param cls The class/interface to search for providers of.
     */
    public static synchronized Iterator<String> providerNames(Class<?> cls) {
        String serviceFile = getServiceFilename(cls);

        List<String> l = classMap.get(serviceFile);
        if (l != null) {
            return l.iterator();
        }

        l = new java.util.ArrayList<String>();
        classMap.put(serviceFile, l);
        l.addAll(getProviderNames(cls));
        return l.iterator();
    }

    /**
     * Returns an iterator where each element should implement the
     * interface (or subclass the baseclass) described by cls.  The
     * Classes are found by searching the classpath for service files
     * named: 'META-INF/services/&lt;fully qualified classname&gt; that list
     * fully qualified classnames of classes that implement the
     * service files classes interface.  These classes must have
     * default constructors if returnInstances is true.
     *
     * This is a deprecated, type-unsafe legacy method.
     *
     * @param cls The class/interface to search for providers of.
     * @param returnInstances true if the iterator should return instances rather than class names.
     * @deprecated use the type-safe methods providers(Class) or providerNames(Class) instead.
     */
    public static Iterator<?> providers(Class<?> cls, boolean returnInstances) {
        return (returnInstances ? providers(cls) : providerNames(cls));
    }

    private static List<String> getProviderNames(Class<?> cls) {
        return getProviderNames(cls, getClassLoader(cls));
    }

    private static List<String> getProviderNames(Class<?> cls, ClassLoader cl) {
        List<String> l = new java.util.ArrayList<String>();

        // No class loader so we can't find 'serviceFile'.
        if (cl == null) {
            return l;
        }

        Enumeration<URL> e;
        try {
            e = cl.getResources(getServiceFilename(cls));
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            return l;
        }

        while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
            try {
                URL u = e.nextElement();

                InputStream    is = u.openStream();
                Reader         r  = new InputStreamReader(is, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(r);
                try {
                    for (String line = br.readLine(); line != null; line = br.readLine()) {
                        // First strip any comment...
                        int idx = line.indexOf('#');
                        if (idx != -1) {
                            line = line.substring(0, idx);
                        }

                        // Trim whitespace.
                        line = line.trim();

                        if (line.length() != 0) {
                            l.add(line);
                        }
                    }
                } finally {
                    IOUtils.closeQuietly(br);
                    IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                // Just try the next file...
            }
        }
        return l;
    }

    private static ClassLoader getClassLoader(Class<?> cls) {
        ClassLoader cl = null;
        try {
            cl = cls.getClassLoader();
        } catch (SecurityException se) {
            // Ooops! can't get his class loader.
        }
        // Can always request your own class loader. But it might be 'null'.
        if (cl == null) {
            cl = Service.class.getClassLoader();
        }
        if (cl == null) {
            cl = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
        }
        return cl;
    }

    private static String getServiceFilename(Class<?> cls) {
        return "META-INF/services/" + cls.getName();
    }

}
